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1629-67 England
Revolution Republic Restoration
207
History
12th Grade
05/28/2014

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Term
Charles dismisses Parliament and does not call it again until 1640, this is met with no public resistance
Definition
1629
Term
An attempted tax strike by merchants was broken by Charles, and a leading merchant Richard Chambers was fined £2000 and imprisoned for speaking out against these illegal taxes
Definition
1629
Term
Three MPs (Holles, Valentine and Eliot) were imprisoned for forcing the Speaker to sit after Charles had dismissed Parliament. Charles shifted them between prisons to avoid the writs of Habeas Corpus.
Definition
1629-30
Term
Thomas Wentworth and William Laud were appointed to the Privy Council. Their policies ("thorough") enabled Charles to maintain royal authority.
Definition
1629
Term
How did Laud maintain his power?
Definition
He used the courts of Star Chamber and High Commission to enforce his rule and silence opposition.
Term
What treaty was made with France?
Definition
The Treaty of Susa, in 1629 to make peace which boosted royal finances as a result of trade.
Term
What treaty was made with Spain?
Definition
The Treaty of Madrid, in 1630, to make peace which boosted royal finances as a result of trade.
Term
What was the result of Wentworth's harsh regime in Ireland?
Definition
It turned Ireland from a financial liability (costing crown £20,000 a year in the early 1630s) into a financial asset.
Term
Who was Alexander Leighton?
Definition
He criticised the bishops, so was flogged, mutilated and imprisoned for life.
Term
What was the Distraint of Knighthood?
Definition
Set up in 1630, fines were levied on freeholders for failing to present themselves at Charles' coronation. They had to buy knighthoods, and became liable for extra dues on their land. This raised £165,000 by 1635.
Term
What was the declaration regarding true limits of royal forests?
Definition
In 1634, people with property within the newly defined royal forest boundaries were fined for encroaching on King's land.
Term
What was the Court of Wards?
Definition
The King became guardian of children of rich parents who had died, profiting by selling off their inherited estates. This raised £53,866/year from 1631-5 and £75,088 from 1636-41.
Term
What were monopolies?
Definition
The sale of monopolies was renewed through loopholes in the 1624 act against them. Charles sold the licence to the East India Company to a rival group led by Sir William Courten.
Term
What was tonnage and poundage?
Definition
This was a declaration issued in 1630 of the King's right to levy custom duties despite parliamentary refusal of grant. The value of duty rose significantly as trade increased.
Term
What were new impositions?
Definition
These were levied again by Charles, producing £53,091/year from 1631-5 and £119,583/year from 1636-41.
Term
List the direct taxes that Charles levied.
Definition
Tenths and Fifteenths, Subsidies, Poll Tax and Ship Money
Term
What and when were the Graces, introduced in Ireland?
Definition
1632, a system designed to secure the status of the Old English by permitting Catholics to engage in public activities. Essentially, it was the idea of raising armies and money from Ireland in return for promises of religious concessions.
Term
When did Thomas Wentworth become the lord deputy of Ireland?
Definition
1632
Term
In what ways did Charles keep the support of the ruling classes?
Definition
In 1632, Star Chamber was instructed to award huge damages to the Earl of Suffolk because he had been forced to endure undeferential behaviour.
Term
When did Laud reissue the Book of Sports? What did it allow?
Definition
1632. It allowed the practising of recreational activities such as dancing and leaping on Sundays.
Term
When was Laud appointed the Archbishop of Canterbury? What did he do?
Definition
In August 1633. He began his "beauty of holiness" by restoring the wealth of the church and imposing uniformity of worship throughout the kingdom.
Term
What did Laud do regarding preaching?
Definition
He limited it to Sundays, replacing afternoon services with the teaching of the Catechism. This shows emphasis on ritual and authority, rather than personal faith encouraged by Puritans.
Term
What happened in Hull?
Definition
In Hull the church bells were restored to Holy Trinity Church despite the objections of the Mayor and Corporation.
Term
What changes were made in churches?
Definition
The plain communion tables were moved to the east end and decorated with richly embriodered cloth. Like the Catholic High Altar, recalling the Catholic mass (transubstantiation).
Term
What happened in court circles?
Definition
Catholicism became fashionable, and the Privy Councillor Lord Treasurer Weston was a Catholic
Term
When did Charles receive an emissary from the Pope?
Definition
December 1634
Term
What was Ship Money?
Definition
Set up in 1634 and levied from coastal areas. In 1635, it was extended to tax inland counties. Raised £107,000/year from 1635-40. By 1637, the tax was falling short of £18,000.
Term
Who replaced Lord Treasurer Weston in 1635?
Definition
The Bishop of London William Juxon - bitterly resented because bishops had been appointed by the King to carry out his wishes without reservation. Also, this was a clerical influence on secular affairs - not tradition.
Term
What happened to Wentworth in April 1635?
Definition
He was publically threatened and insulted by Lord Mountnorris, so he brought him before a court martial on a charge of insubordination. The court condemned him to death, by he was imprisoned and deprived of his offices.
Term
In 1637, who was George Con?
Definition
He was an ambassador from the Pope, welcomed at court and took up residence.
Term
When were Prynne, Burton and Bastwick punished?
Definition
In June 1635, for circulating pamphlets attacking the rule of bishops and criticising Laudian doctrines. They were accused of sedition. Sentenced to be pilloried, branded on the cheeks and to have their ears clipped.
Term
When was the Prayer Book imposed on Scotland?
Definition
In July 1635, without reference to Scottish Parliament or the Assembly of the Kirk.
Term
What else did Charles do in Scotland?
Definition
He planned to raise funds by repossessing Scottish lands formerly held by the Catholic Church.
Term
When was the Scottish National Covenant formed?
Definition
In February 1638, to defend the Kirk in response to arbitrary English domination. Signed by 300,000 people.
Term
What happened in the First Bishops' War?
Definition
In mid 1639, occurred because Charles was outraged by the Covenanters' defiance. But Charles' army is weak and untrained, and his Justices of the Peace are busy with Ship Money.
Term
How did the First Bishops' War end?
Definition
With the Treaty of Berwick, allowing the Scots to decide on their own religious settlement. They abolished the Scottish Prayer Book and the bishops.
Term
When did Wentworth become the Earl of Strafford?
Definition
January 1640.
Term
In 1640, Charles wants to reinvade. What happens?
Definition
London merchants refuse to lend him money, and Puritans Lord Saye and Sele encourage the Scots to intervene in England.
Term
Strafford advises Charles to do what?
Definition
Charles recalls Short Parliament, refusing to grant funds unless their grievances are addressed. This is the beginning of opposition.
Term
On what date is Short Parliament dissolved?
Definition
May 1640
Term
When were the Second Bishops' War? What happened?
Definition
June to October 1640. After a brief battle at Newburn on Tyne, the English army disintegrate which leaves the Scots in control of Newcastle - able to force their terms on the King.
Term
How does the Second Bishops' War end?
Definition
With the Treaty of Ripon. They demanded that Charles paid them expenses of £850/day, and the postponement of negotiations until Parliament met. Charles did not have the funds, so was forced to call Parliament.
Term
On what date was Long Parliament called?
Definition
November 1640, in a strong position to challenge the King.
Term
What was the Root and Branch petition?
Definition
It was a petition that called for the reversal of Laudian reforms and the abolition of episcopacy. Accepted by Commons in December 1640.
Term
What happened in January 1641?
Definition
Charles agreed to remove bishops from his Privy Council
Term
What happened in February 1641?
Definition
The Triennial Act was passed by Parliament, receiving the King's assent.
Term
What petition was made in April 1641?
Definition
A petition demanding the death of Strafford, received 20,000 signatures.
Term
What act was passed in May 1641?
Definition
An act for a perpetual parliament
Term
How many votes did the Act of Attainder receive declaring Strafford to be guilty of treason?
Definition
204 votes to 59
Term
What did Charles do in May 1641?
Definition
He married his daughter Mary to William of Orange, to show his allegiance to Protestantism.
Term
What was the First Army Plot?
Definition
A plan that army officers were to capture the Tower and release Strafford and force the dissolution of Parliament. Revealed to Commons by Pym in May 1641.
Term
What happened in May 1641?
Definition
A mob surrounded Whitehall against Henrietta Maria
Term
On what day was Strafford executed?
Definition
12th May 1641.
Term
The Ten Propositions of June 1641 demanded what?
Definition
Parliament should choose the King's ministers.
Term
When were the Courts of Star Chamber and High Commission abolished?
Definition
July 1641.
Term
What legislation did Parliament enact in August 1641?
Definition
This legislation deprived Charles I of the powers he had used to maintain Personal Rule. Unpopular measures and taxes were also abolished.
Term
What happened in Parliament in October 1641?
Definition
A conservative group of MPs emerged, concerned by the radical turn of events. Such as puritan influence on the Church and constitutional change.
Term
What event in October 1641 damaged Charles' reputation for trustworthiness?
Definition
The Incident, a failed scheme by Scottish Royalists to arrest the leading Covenanter Argyll.
Term
When was the Second Army Plot exposed?
Definition
October 1641, taking support away from Charles as he returned to London to sign the Treaty of London.
Term
What happened in the Irish Rebellion (October 1641)?
Definition
Catholic Irish rebelled against Ulster Presbyterians. Approximately 12,000 Protestants died. This was exaggerated to 200,000 deaths, with reports of an Irish army in England encouraging these Catholics to join them.
Term
The Grand Remonstrance (November 1641) was what?
Definition
A remonstrance which blamed Bishops, Papists and advisors for: discontent between King and his people; corrupting the purity of the Church; Arminianism; making the King anti-parliament and embracing Personal Rule.
Term
How many voted to pass the Grand Remonstrance? Who did this upset?
Definition
159-148 votes. This upset Royalist MPs.
Term
What rumours circulated in December 1641?
Definition
That Pym was planning to impeach Henrietta Maria.
Term
Who did the King want to arrest? What actually happened?
Definition
Commons refuses to hand over MPs Pym, Strode, Haselrige, Hampden and Holles. In January 1642 Charles goes to Parliament to arrest them, but no one is there.
Term
When did Charles leave for Hampton Court, and then to move his court to York?
Definition
January 1642, and then February 1642.
Term
What exactly happened in March 1642?
Definition
Parliament passes the Militia Ordinance, so they can prep the militia although it is the King's right. Charles replies with the Commission of Array. BOTH ARE ILLEGALY USED.
Term
What were the Nineteen Propositions?
Definition
Sent from Parliament to Charles in June 1642.
Term
When did Charles raise his standard in Nottingham?
Definition
August 1642
Term
What was accepted by Commons in December 1640?
Definition
The Root and Branch Petition, calling for the reversal of Laudian reforms and abolition of episcopacy.
Term
What did Charles agree to in January 1641?
Definition
To remove bishops from his Privy Council
Term
What Act was passed by Parliament in February 1641?
Definition
The Triennial Act, which received the King's assent
Term
What petition was formed in April 1641?
Definition
A petition which called for the death of Strafford, receiving 20,000 signatures
Term
What act was passed in May 1641?
Definition
An act for a perpetual parliament
Term
When was Strafford found guilty of treason?
Definition
May 1641, with an Act of Attainder passed 204 votes to 59.
Term
What did Charles do in May 1641?
Definition
He married his daughter Mary to William of Orange to show his allegiance to Protestantism
Term
What was the First Army Plot?
Definition
It suggested that army officers were to capture the Tower, release Strafford and force the dissolution of Parliament. May 1641.
Term
What was the mob of May 1641?
Definition
A mob surrounded Whitehall against Henrietta Maria
Term
When was Strafford executed?
Definition
May 1641
Term
What were the Ten Propositions?
Definition
June 1641, demanding that Parliament should choose the King's ministers and that Catholic priests should be removed from Henrietta Maria's service.
Term
When were the courts of Star Chamber and High Commission abolished?
Definition
July 1641
Term
What legislation did Parliament enact in August 1641?
Definition
Legislation which deprived Charles of the powers he had assumed during Personal Rule. Illegal measures (e.g. Ship Money) were abolished.
Term
When did the conservative group of MPs emerge in Parliament?
Definition
October 1641
Term
What was the Incident?
Definition
A failed scheme in October 1641 by extremist Scottish Royalists to arrest Argyll (leading Covenanter), damaging Charles' reputation.
Term
What was the result of the Second Army Plot?
Definition
October 1641, took support away from Charles
Term
What was the Irish Rebellion?
Definition
October 1641, Catholic Irish rebelled against Ulster Presbyterians (12,000 died) but this was exaggerated to 200,000.
Term
What was the Grand Remonstrance?
Definition
November 1641. The bishops, papists and advisors were blamed for discontent between King and his people; corruption of the CofE; Arminianism; making the King anti-Parliament; enabling the Personal Rule.
Term
When was the Grand Remonstrance passed?
Definition
November 1641, by 159 votes to 148.
Term
What rumours were circulated in December 1641?
Definition
That Pym was planning to impeach Henrietta Maria
Term
What was Charles refused in January 1642?
Definition
The 5 MPs (Pym, Strode, Haselrige, Hampden and Holles) - it would be an infringement of parliamentary privilege
Term
What did he do instead?
Definition
He attempted to arrest the 5 MPs at Commons with 300 armed guards. They are not there.
Term
Where did Charles go in January 1642?
Definition
Hampton Court
Term
Where did Charles go in February 1642?
Definition
York
Term
What happens in March 1642?
Definition
Parliament launches the Militia Ordinance which allows them to prep an army. The King responds with the Commission of Array. Both have been illegally used.
Term
What political settlement was offered to Charles in June 1642?
Definition
The Nineteen Propositions. Charles refuses them ("We are unwilling to change the laws of England")
Term
What happened in August 1642?
Definition
The King raised his standard at Nottingham
Term
Which areas did the King and Parliament hold in 1642?
Definition
The King held the north and west; Parliament held the south and east
Term
What did Charles try to do in April 1642?
Definition
He tried to secure Hull (a significant arsenal) but the governor had secured its gates against him
Term
Who won the Battle of Edgehill?
Definition
In October 1642, the result of the battle was inconclusive, and Parliament were prompted to offer the King the Oxford Treaty 1643 - which he refused.
Term
What mistake did the King make in November 1642?
Definition
The Royalists advanced to Turnham Green (close to London) but decided to retreat to Oxford.
Term
Where were the Parliamentarians defeated in 1643?
Definition
Roundway Down and Wiltshire.
Term
Did the King manage to gain Parliamentary strongholds?
Definition
No - Hull, Plymouth and Gloucester
Term
In 1643 which towns did Prince Rupert win?
Definition
Cirencester, Birmingham and Litchfield
Term
What was the Irish Cessation?
Definition
In 1643, Ireland sent 10,000 Protestants to fight for Charles but it is seen as an appeasement of Catholicism
Term
What ordinance was passed in March 1643?
Definition
The ordinance to seize Royalist property
Term
What did Pym begin to do in April 1643?
Definition
He began the process of compounding - confiscated Royalist land could only be regained with a fine based on its value
Term
What tax was passed in May 1643?
Definition
The excise tax, which gave Parliament strong economic foundations
Term
Which port did Charles gain in July 1643?
Definition
Bristol
Term
What happened between Scotland and Parliament in September 1643?
Definition
The Solemn League and Covenant, promising Parliament 20,000 men.
Term
When did Pym die?
Definition
December 1643
Term
When did the Scottish force arrive?
Definition
January 1644
Term
What did Parliament set up in February 1644?
Definition
The Committee of Both Kingdoms, which united the war effort.
Term
What had happened in London by May 1644?
Definition
The armaments industry had expanded giving them a military advantage
Term
What was the result of the Battle of Marston Moor?
Definition
Parliament win in July 1644, as Prince Rupert had been arrogant and uncooperative
Term
What did the King lose in October 1644?
Definition
Newcastle
Term
What did the Parliamentary Eastern Association announce?
Definition
In November 1644 they announced that they could no longer afford to maintain their forces.
Term
When was the New Model Army created?
Definition
February 1645, an army of 22,000 men
Term
What was passed in April 1645?
Definition
The Self denying Ordinance, "promotion by merit"
Term
What did Charles decide in June 1645?
Definition
To fight the New Model Army
Term
What did Rupert surrender in June 1645?
Definition
Bristol, to Lord Fairfax
Term
When did Oxford surrender?
Definition
June 1645
Term
When was the Battle of Naseby?
Definition
June 1645, with the New Model Army thrashing the Royalist forces
Term
What did Parliament draw up in July 1646?
Definition
The Newcastle Propositions
Term
When did Charles refuse the Newcastle Propositions?
Definition
February 1647
Term
What happened in February 1647?
Definition
Parliament voted to disband the army
Term
In March 1647, what do the army declare?
Definition
That they will not be disbanded until there is a settlement approved by an Army Council (Solemn Engagement)
Term
What do Parliament do in response?
Definition
In May 1647 they vote that the army should disband with 6 weeks pay and be reduced to 6,000. The infantry was owed 18 weeks pay and the cavalry owed 43 weeks pay.
Term
When did the army seize the King?
Definition
June 1647, taking him to Hampton Court
Term
When were the Heads of Proposals offered?
Definition
July 1647
Term
What happened at Parliament in July 1647?
Definition
A Presbyterian mob invaded Parliament and attacked Independent MPs who were willing to come to an agreement with the army.
Term
What did the army do in August 1647?
Definition
They occupied London in the hope of pressurising Parliament.
Term
When did the Putney Debates happen?
Definition
October - November 1647, the Levellers' "Agreement of the People" was discussed.
Term
What happened in November 1647?
Definition
Charles escaped
Term
What else happened in November 1647?
Definition
The army had to sign a declaration of loyalty, accepting the Heads of Proposals (rather than the Leveller document) as the NMA's manifesto.
Term
What did Charles sign with the Scots in December 1647?
Definition
The Engagement, which invited the Scots to invade England to restore Charles' power. In return he would embrace Presbyterianism for 3 years.
Term
What did Parliament vote in January 1648?
Definition
The Vote of No Address - they would no longer negotiate with Charles
Term
What happened in April 1648?
Definition
Royalist uprisings in Kent, Essex and Yorkshire. But they did not gain mass support.
Term
When did the Scottish army enter England?
Definition
July 1648
Term
In August 1648, who fought the Scots and where?
Definition
Cromwell (9000 troops) fought the Scots (17000 troops) at Preston.
Term
What happened meanwhile in East Anglia?
Definition
A royalist army travelled drumming up support, but it was put down by Fairfax.
Term
In the army remonstrance of November 1648, what did the army demand?
Definition
The trial and execution of Charles
Term
What surrounded Parliament in December 1648?
Definition
Colonel Pride and his regiment, denying entry to those who supported negotiations with the King. 110 MPs were refused entry, and 250 MPs stayed away. 60 MPs agreed to trial.
Term
When did the King's trial begin?
Definition
January 1649.
Term
How many commissioners sign the king's death warrant?
Definition
58, and 9 refuse.
Term
When was the monarchy and House of Lords abolished?
Definition
March 1649.
Term
When was the Rump Parliament proclaimed?
Definition
January 1649
Term
What was the governing body of the Republic?
Definition
The Council of State, with 40 members. 100 MPs who had been absent during Pride's Purge were readmitted.
Term
When was John Lilburne arrested, and why?
Definition
In March 1649, for writing anti-tyranny pamphlets, campaigning for soldiers's rights and arguing that all adult males should have the right to vote.
Term
What percentage of MPs were revolutionaries?
Definition
15%
Term
When did the Diggers break into St George's Hill?
Definition
April 1649
Term
What was the Bishopsgate Mutiny (April 1649)?
Definition
30 troopers in Whalley's regiment refused orders to leave London, until Leveller demands were kept. Fairfax and Cromwell regained control.
Term
Who was executed?
Definition
Robert Lockyer, one of the Agitators in the Bishopsgate Mutiny.
Term
What was the Burford Mutiny (May 1649)?
Definition
Leveller inspired soldiers seized control and elected new officers. They would not go to Ireland until their grievances over pay were resolved. Cromwell and Fairfax regained control.
Term
What did Cromwell report to Parliament in May 1649?
Definition
That Levellers in the army had been suppressed.
Term
How many people died in the Drogheda Massacre?
Definition
2000-4000 people died in September 1649
Term
What was the Engagement?
Definition
In January 1650, all office holders had to swear loyalty to the Rump Parliament. It was an acceptance that Pride's Purge and King's execution were legal.
Term
What happened in Hertfordshire as a result of the Engagement?
Definition
40% of committee members were ousted.
Term
What were the two religious acts?
Definition
The Adultery Act of May 1650 made adultery a capital offence, and the Blasphemy Act of August 1650 was aimed at Ranters.
Term
When did the Third Civil War outbreak?
Definition
August 1650
Term
What did Cromwell win in September 1650?
Definition
Victory at Dunbar. His army of 3000 defeated a Scottish army of 10000 despite tactical disadvantages.
Term
What was set up in 1651?
Definition
The Hale Commission, to reform the law.
Term
When was Charles Stuart defeated?
Definition
September 1650, by the New Model Army at the Battle of Worcester.
Term
What did Cromwell discover in April 1653?
Definition
MPs had planned to rush a head with a bill that made no legal changes, and to appoint a committee of Rumpers to supervise elections and vet new MPs.
Term
When did Cromwell dismiss the Rump?
Definition
April 1653, at the head of an army.
Term
What was the composition of Barebones Parliament?
Definition
17 greater gentry, 22 country gentry and 66 lesser gentry.
Term
How many MPs in Barebones were radical?
Definition
Approximately 60 - meaning that they dominated thanks to their experience.
Term
What did Barebones propose?
Definition
The abolition of ecclesiastical patronage and tithes, and that army officers should serve for a year without pay.
Term
Who denounced the Parliament?
Definition
The conservative MPs, on 12th December 1653.
Term
What happened next?
Definition
Cromwell was installed as Lord Protector, 16th December 1653.
Term
When was the Third Protectorate Parliament dissolved?
Definition
April 1659
Term
What replaced it?
Definition
The Rump Parliament, in May 1659 with 50 of the old members
Term
What was the Great Trust and Commission?
Definition
An underground group authorised by Charles II to restore the monarchy. It received warrants in March 1659 to organise an uprising.
Term
What happened in July 1659?
Definition
Booth's Rebellion, a royalist uprising which aimed to create a Free Parliament by new elections. Led by Presbyterian Sir George Booth.
Term
What did the Sealed Knot do in July 1659?
Definition
It sent out messengers warning that the uprising should be abandoned.
Term
When did the Royalists surrender to Lambert?
Definition
July 1659
Term
What was the Derby Petition?
Definition
This petition was launched in September 1659, demanding a political settlement acceptable to the army. Parliament responded by dismissing 9 leading officers, including Fleetwood and Disbrowe.
Term
What did Lambert, in response, do?
Definition
In October 1659 he used soldiers to drive out the Rump by surrounding Parliament buildings and denying them entry.
Term
What was established in October 1659?
Definition
A Committee of Safety to replace the Committee of Officers, to keep a form of government.
Term
How many members did the Committee of Safety have?
Definition
23 members, consisting of army officers and civilians.
Term
What protest occurred in December 1659?
Definition
An anti-army protest in London
Term
What did Fleetwood do in December 1659?
Definition
He recalled the Rump
Term
What did Monck receive in January 1650?
Definition
Petitions from the county associations for a free parliament and return of the monarchy.
Term
What did Monck ensure in February 1650?
Definition
He ensured that those MPs excluded during Pride's Purge were invited back - as long as they voted that free elections should be called.
Term
When was the Rump officially dissolved?
Definition
March 1660
Term
What Parliament met in April 1650?
Definition
The Convention Parliament (elected, not called by a king) and discussed on what terms Charles II should be invited back. Presbyterians as well as Royalists wanted a moderate settlement.
Term
When was the Declaration of Breda presented to Parliament, and by whom?
Definition
April 1660, by Monck
Term
When was Charles II invited back to England?
Definition
May 1660
Term
What was the Act of Indemnity and Oblivion (August 1660)?
Definition
This act declared that only the regicides and 9 others would be called to account for their actions against Charles I
Term
In September 1660, what was Charles II's annual income?
Definition
£1.2 million a year, to be raised from grants and subsidies
Term
When was the Convention Parliament dissolved by Charles II?
Definition
December 1660
Term
What act was passed in July 1661?
Definition
The Militia Act, confirming that the monarch (as head of state) was supreme commander of the army and navy
Term
What act was repealed in 1661?
Definition
The Bishops' Exclusion Act of 1641, allowing Anglican bishops to take their seats in Lords
Term
In what month was the New Model Army finally disbanded?
Definition
January 1661, and was paid for by a poll tax and an additional assessment tax on property owners.
Term
What uprising occurred in January 1661?
Definition
The Fifth Monarchist Venner's Uprising, adding to Parliament's fear of radical sects
Term
What religious conference was held in April 1661?
Definition
The Savoy Conference, in an attempt to reconcile the Church of England. No agreement could be reached because of the High Church Party
Term
When was the Cavalier Parliament elected?
Definition
May 1661, made up of predominantly Anglican and Royalist MPs.
Term
What act was passed in November 1661?
Definition
The Corporation Act, all office holders had to renounce the Solemn League and Covenant, and to take the sacrament in accordance with the doctrines of the Church of England
Term
What tax was set up in 1662? Why?
Definition
The hearth tax, to make up the shortfall in Charles II's expenses.
Term
What was the 1662 Declaration of Indulgence?
Definition
This was Charles II's attempt to extend religious liberty to Protestant dissenters and Catholics - he was forced to withdraw it.
Term
What was the 1662 Act of Uniformity?
Definition
An act that meant that all ordained clergymen under the doctrines of the established church had to accept the revise Book of Common Prayer.
Term
What was the 1662 Quaker Act?
Definition
An act which forced them to swear an oath of allegiance to the Church, or be imprisoned.
Term
What happened to Republican Sir Henry Vane?
Definition
He was executed in 1662
Term
What was the Licensing Act of 1662?
Definition
It reintroduced censorship of the press
Term
In what ways was the Triennial Act of 1641 modified in 1664?
Definition
It was now no longer possible to force the monarch to call a parliament every three years
Term
What was the 1664 Conventicle Act?
Definition
It intended to prevent clergymen ejected by the Act of Uniformity from forming their own congregations. It was illegal for more than 5 people not of the same household to meet for religious worship.
Term
What was the 1664 5 Mile Act?
Definition
It intended to curb the influence of dissenting clergymen by prohibiting them from residing within 5 miles of any living they had held before the Act was passed.
Term
When did the Second Anglo-Dutch War happen? How much money did Parliament spend?
Definition
It lasted from March 1665 to July 1667. Parliament voted £5 million, compared to £11 million spent by the Dutch.
Term
When was the Earl of Clarendon dismissed and exiled?
Definition
1667
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