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130 Review
130 CAT 6's
123
History
Not Applicable
05/11/2005

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Term
What is the Enlightenment?
Definition
A cultural movement in the development of ideals and idealogy on government and life. Such ideals as natural rights, separation of church and state, and balance of powers were established.
Term
How did it affect the political thoufght of the colonies?
Definition
It spurred them to rally against Great Britian. It allowed the colonies a reason to revolt and fight for their independence.
Term
Who was John Locke? How did John Locke's ideas influence the American Revolution?
Definition
John Locke was a philospher. He developed these ideas of natural rights. Life, Liberty, and Property. With such "rights taken away, the colonies decided to revolt.
Term
What natural rights?
Definition
Unalienable rights, Life, Liberty, Property or Pursuit of happiness.
Term
How did the history of Greece and Rome affect colonial ideas about independence?
Definition
The colonies reacted by allowing the formation of states. By rallying together they were able to break free from Great Britian and establish a democratic government.
Term
Describe the division of powers found in the Constitution.
Definition
There are three branches, Excutive, Judicial, and Legislative. They all have powers that check one another. This is a way in ensure no one power has complete control of the government
Term
Desribe the separation of powers found in the Constitution.
Definition
The Excutive branch has the power to veto the Legislative, the Legislative creates the laws, the Judicial can find a law unconstitutial.
Term
Look on the chart on page 71. Describe the three main conflicts at the Constitutional Convention.
Definition
Slaves giving seats in the government.
The Congress's division
Small or Big states representation
Term
Who were Federalists? Why did the support the Consitution?
Definition
Federalists supported the Consitution for it gave the central government more power.
Term
Who were the Anti-Federalists and did they oppose the Consitution?
Definition
They had feared the central government would have too much power. They favored a weak central and state powers.
Term
Describe the Bill of rights.
Definition
The Bill of rights were 10 amendments that were ratify to ensure the natural rights of Americans.
Term
What was the Whiskey Rebellion and who ended up with more power at the end of it? The states of the national government?
Definition
The Whiskey Rebellion was the revolt of small farmers. Washington sent 13,000 militia men to fight off this rebellion and therefore strengthening the national government.
Term
What were the Alien and Sedition Acts? What did they violate?
Definition
It violated one's natural rights for if one was suspected of revolting the President had the power to deport oneself.
Term
What were the Virginia and Kentucky Resolution? How do they illustrate the struggle between states and national power?
Definition
It was the conflict between the states and national power and the interpretation of the Consitution.
Term
What was the major principle asserted in the court case Marbury vs Madison. What does it mean?
Definition
It declared a federal law unconsititional and therefore strengthened the power of the judicial branch and established judicial review.
Term
How did democracy expand during the time of the Jacksonians?
Definition
Democracy expanded with its isolation ideals and created a more diverse voting range.
Term
What was the nullification crisis.
Definition
It challenged the Presidents right to pass or veto a bill.
Term
When was the Dred Scott decision and what did it say?
Definition
It stated the African Americans can never become American citizens and therefore must remain a slave.
Term
When was Abraham Lincoln elected President and wh did the Southern states secede.
Definition
He was elected in 1860 and the South secede for it feared the freedom of slaves.
Term
What political changes were the result of the Civil War?
Definition
Slaves were free and given the right to vote.
Term
What economic changes were the result of the Civil War?
Definition
The south became a total mess and the North became an industrial giant.
Term
How did the Civil war change warfare?
Definition
It was the first war that the United States implimented "total war"
Term
What was the 13th Amendment?
Definition
No man can be placed under slavery or servitude.
Term
What was the Reconstruction? What were its goals?
Definition
The Reconstruction was the slow re-entry of the seceded states. Its goals were to rebuild the wartorn South.
Term
How does the Upton Sinclair's The Jungle working conditions in the meat packing plants?
Definition
It decribed the plants as dirty and unsanitary places. It caused for reform.
Term
What did The Jungle lead the government to do?
Definition
They passed new laws regulating the food industry.
Term
Why did cities grow in the late 19th century?
Definition
Immigrants and blacks came into cities looking for jobs.
Term
Look at the map on page 283. How does it represent what was happening in cities at the turn of the 20th century.
Definition
Cities were becoming highly densed with immigrants.
Term
Describe the Americanization Movement.
Definition
It was the movement for immigrants to assimilate into the American lifestyle and culture.
Term
What is a political machine?
Definition
It was organized groups of people that were in control of elected officials.
Term
How did immigrants respond to political machines? Why?
Definition
Immigrants supported the political machines for it gave them work and they often voted for them.
Term
What was the Tweed Ring? What were they accused of and how were they brought down?
Definition
The Tweed Ring was in New York City that was accused of kickbacks. A cartoonist brought this political machine down.
Term
What could businesses achieve by horizontal consolidation.
Definition
The business would have total control of one product. It would allow them to set any price they wish to have.
Term
What is Social Darwinism and what did it practically lead to?
Definition
Social Darwinism is the idea that one must fight to survive and only the best and strongest get to be on the top. It practically lead to the American view point of work.
Term
Describe the Social Gospel Movement.
Definition
It was a humanitarian ideal that believe that the rich should help the less unfortunate.
Term
Who was Jane Addams and what were settlement houses? (Hull House)
Definition
She was basically the first social worker.
Term
Who were the Populists? What did they want? What was the result of theses efforts?
Definition
The Populists party was mainly farmers or the working class. They wanted to the government to help during the depression. The result of these efforts were reforms in the government.
Term
Who were the Progressives? What did the want?
Definition
Progressives were reformers and they wanted to reform the governemnt.
Term
Describe the 16th Amendment. When. Why
Definition
It was the beginning of income tax.
Term
Why was Theodore Roosevelt known as the "trustbuster"
Definition
He ended trusts and monopolies.
Term
What was the Square Deal?
Definition
It was the political campaign Theodore Roosevelt ran with.
Term
What was the Great Awakening?
Definition
It was the revivial of progression and religion.
Term
What were the results of the Great Awakening?
Definition
Americans became more religious
Term
Describe the Second Great Awakening? What was its goals?
Definition
It was the second revivial attempt. Its goals were to purify America.
Term
Who were Mormons? How were they persecuted?
Definition
Mormoms are a religious group. They were persecuted because of their practices.
Term
What did the first amendment say about religion.
Definition
One can have any religion one wishes.
Term
What was the Open Door Policy and what did it lead to in China.
Definition
It was the idea that any one was allowed to trade in China. It lead to free trade in China and a Rebellion.
Term
How did the Spanish-American War start.
Definition
The sinking of the Maine and the DeLome Letter.
Term
Who were the Rough Riders?
Definition
It was Theodore Roosevelts group of soliders.
Term
What did the US obtain as a result of the Spanish American War?
Definition
The United States obtained new lands.
Term
What was the role of the US in the Panama Resolution?
Definition
The US was the mediator. It also was given the right to build the canal.
Term
What were the advantages of the Panama Canal.
Definition
It gave a direct route from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean.
Term
When was the Panama Canal built and at what costs?
Definition
It costs 380 million and was built in 1912/1914
Term
Desribe the Big STick Diplomacy
Definition
It was basically the showing of the US powers in the affect of diplomatic relations.
Term
Desribe Woodrow WIllson's Moral Diplomacy.
Definition
It was the spread of democracy.
Term
How did WWI affect the power of the President.
Definition
It gave more power to the President.
Term
What did the Committee of Public Information do during WWI.
Definition
It created propaganda.
Term
How did WWI affect African Americans?
Definition
It further discriminated them and did not really help them.
Term
How did WWI affect women?
Definition
It gave women jobs and roles outside of motherhood and the house.
Term
What were the main policies of Warren Harding.
Definition
He believed in big business.
Term
Describe the scandals of the Harding Adminstation.
Definition
Teapot Dome Scandal.
Term
What were the policies of Calvin Coolidge.
Definition
Big Business, AKA Silent Cal
Term
What was Herbert Hoovers philosophy of government.
Definition
He believe in rugged individualism and big business.
Term
What was the Red Scare and why were people scared?
Definition
The Red scare was the fear of communism for they feared it would take over America.
Term
What did Marcus Garvey believe? What groupd did he create? What was its purpose.
Definition
Back to Africa Movement. UNIA
Term
What motivated the growth of the KKK in the 1920s?
Definition
The red scare and white superiority.
Term
Describe the Quota System for immigration in the 1920s?
Definition
It limited the amount of immigrants coming from centian places (Eastern, Nothern Europe and Asia.
Term
When was the American Civil Liberties Union founded and wht was its purpose.
Definition
Its purpose was to protect the rights of workers.
Term
What was the NAACP and what were its goals?
Definition
The NAACP was an organized African American group that wanted to further obtain their civil rights.
Term
What was the 18th Amendment?
Definition
Prohibition
Term
What did the Volstead Act do?
Definition
It extended wartime measures into peacetime.
Term
What does the 19th Amendment do?
Definition
Gave voting rights to women.
Term
How did the role of women change in the 1920's.
Definition
They became more independant and worked.
Term
What was the Harlem Renaissance?
Definition
It was the revival of African AMerican pride and heritage through arts and literature.
Term
What were African-American writers in the Harlem Reniassance writing about?
Definition
Their experiences of being a black man or woman and their own stories of Africa.
Term
Who was Langston Hughes and what do his poems describe?
Definition
He was a writer that invoked strong racial pride in his works.
Term
Who was Zora Neal Hurston and what did she write about?
Definition
She was writer during the Harlem Renaissance that wrote about her life and the African American culture.
Term
What is jazz and name some famous jazz players.
Definition
Jazz is music started in New Orleans. Loius Armstrong
Term
How did movies lead to a common culture.
Definition
It was affordable and it entertained Americans.
Term
How did the automobile change America?
Definition
It provided easy and affordable transportation.
Term
How did electricity change America.
Definition
It lit up cities and provided new jobs.
Term
What is the Federal Reserve and way was it created?
Definition
It was to regulate the money in the United States.
Term
What part of America was starting to hurt in the 1920s
Definition
Farmers
Term
What were the causes of the Great Depression?
Definition
Speculated investment, installment plans, and loans, buying on margin
Term
Why did the Stock Market Crash?
Definition
Everyone sold their stocks.
Term
What are two things Hoover did to try and deal with the Depression.
Definition
Built a damn (Hoover Dam) and rugged individualism.
Term
What will FDR do to try and solve the Depression.
Definition
Create job opportunities in the government.
Term
What was the Dust Bowl and what did it lead to?
Definition
Dust storms in the Mid-East. Lead to migratant workers in CA.
Term
How did the Dust Bowl Affect CA.
Definition
It was given migrant farmers and workers.
Term
What was the Works Progress Adminstration? What did it acheive?
Definition
It was an alphabet soup program and it acheived in giving many young jobless men, jobs.
Term
What is Social Security? Who does it help? How is it differennt then the way things were done before?
Definition
Social Security is set aside money for retirement. It helped the elderly and it changed America forever.
Term
What did the Wagner Act do? What did it lead to?
Definition
It allowed unions. It lead to the creation of Unions.
Term
What was the Tennessee Valley Authority? What were its negatives?
Definition
It was the "electrificiation of the Tennessee" to create jobs. But it destroyed farm lands.
Term
What is the legacy of the New Deal boths positives and negatives?
Definition
It lead to reforms positively and negatively.
Term
What was the Lend-Lease Plan?
Definition
It allowed America to help Great Britian and France during WWII
Term
What were US/Japanese realtions like before the bombing on Pearl Harbor.
Definition
It was shakey. The Japanese continiously gave signs of war.
Term
When did Pearl Harbor occur? What were the results of the attack?
Definition
December 7, 1941 It caused the US to enter the WWII.
Term
Describe the US/Allied Strategy of WWII.
Definition
Germany first.
Term
What were the Japanese goals at the battle of Midway? What were its results?
Definition
An organized strike but the US countered and "gave revange for Pearl Harbor."
Term
Desrcribe the battle of Iwo Jima and Okinawa.
Definition
Island hopping strategy and positioned the US to bomb and attack Japan.
Term
What was the purpose of the invasion of Normandy (D-Day)? When was it?
Definition
To open a third front and to relieve stress in Russian Borders. June 6, 1944
Term
What was the Battle of the Bulge? What were its results?
Definition
Last offensive strike of Germany.
Term
What is unique about the Tuskegee airmen?
Definition
They were all blacks.
Term
What is unique about the 442nd Regimental Combat team.
Definition
They were all japanese.
Term
Describe the contribution of the Navajo Code Talkers to WWII.
Definition
Unbreakable code.
Term
Who were WAAC's and WAVES
Definition
Women in the military. Suppor type jobs.
Term
What was the role of women in military productions during WWII. Who was Rosie the Riveter.
Definition
Women produced all the goods and Rosie was an icon.
Term
What was the purpose of the Four Freedoms Speach? What are the four Freedoms.
Definition
It gave the reasons to enter the war which were...speach, religion, government, and liberty
Term
How did the US government treat Jap-Americans during WWII.
Definition
They sent them to camps.
Term
What did the US Supreme Court decide Korematsu vs US.
Definition
Its ok to send a race to camps.
Term
What was the Manhattan Project?
Definition
Atomic Bomb Research
Term
Who was J Robert Oppenheimer
Definition
The lead scientest for the atomic bomb
Term
Why did President Truman decide to use the atomic bomb.
Definition
To save American lives and end the war as soon as possible.
Term
What were the two cities that were bombed with atomic weapons?
Definition
Hiroshima and Nagasaki
Term
What was the purpose of the Marshall Plan?
Definition
To pay and support war torn countries in Europe.
Term
How did the Marshall plan affect the US.
Definition
Kept the economy strong.
Term
Wat is NATO? What is its role in containment.
Definition
North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Stated if anyone is attacked they will all retaliate.
Term
What was the Truman Doctrine?
Definition
Stated US plans for containment.
Term
What was the Berlin Blockade? Berlin Airlift?
Definition
Russia's decision to keep its territory in Germany. Berlin Airlift was the suppling of Berlin residents.
Term
What caused the Korean War? When was it?
Definition
Russia's involvement and 1951
Term
What was Plessy vs Ferguson? What did the Supreme court rule?
Definition
It was the ruling for segregation. They ruled it unconsitutional.
Term
What was Brown vs Board of Education. What did the Supreme court rule?
Definition
Evolution in the classroom. They ruled for seperation of church.
Term
Who was Rosa Parks and waht is she famous for?
Definition
She was a woman who remained seated in a white bus. It lead to reforms
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