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11. Network Troubleshooting
CompTIA Network+ Network Troubleshooting
50
Computer Networking
Professional
04/05/2012

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Cards

Term
The 7 steps of network troubleshooting are:
Definition
1. Identify the problem
2. Establish a theory
3. Test the theory
4. Establish a plan of action
5. Implement the solution or escalate
6. Verify full system functionality
7. Document findings, actions, & outcomes.
Term
Step 1 (Identify the problem) focuses on three key sources: the ___ (in the form of logs and error messages), the ___ ___ experiencing the problem, and your own ___.
Definition
computer
computer user
observation
Term
___ problems are related to the actual cable used in a network.
Definition
Wiring
Term
___ problems are classified as those related to network devices such as hubs, switches, and routers.
Definition
infrastructure
Term
An Ethernet network can have only a single active path between devices on a network. When multiple active paths are available, a ___ ___ can occur.
Definition
switching loop
Term
Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) is designed to prevent ___ ___s.
Definition
switching loops
Term
Switching loops occur at the ___ layer of the OSI model.
Definition
data link layer (Layer 2)
Term
A ___ ___ occurs when data packets continue to be routed in an endless circle.
Definition
routing loop
Term
___ loops are detectable because they can quickly bog down a network, and the destination system does not receive some packets.
Definition
Routing
Term
A ___ problem typically occurs when routing tables contain information that does not reflect the correct topology of the internetwork.
Definition
route
Term
In a ___ ___ configuration, one system
or network device answers ARP requests for another system.
Definition
proxy ARP
Term
A ___ ___ occurs when a network is overwhelmed with constant broadcast or multicast traffic. It can be caused by faulty hardware such as a NIC that continually sends data, switching loops, or even faulty applications running on the network.
Definition
broadcast storm
Term
A ___ is a useful tool for identifying broadcast storms.
Definition
baseline
Term
Router port ___ and port ___ are essentially the same thing.
Definition
configuration
forwarding
Term
A ___ ___ can occur when a router does not send back an expected message that the data has been received.
Definition
black hole
Term
A ___ ___ occurs when the packet the router receives is larger than the configured size of the Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) and the Do Not Fragment flag is configured on that packet.
Definition
black hole
Term
When a black hole occurs, use the ___ utility to check that packets of a particular size can move through the router. Use the ___ switch to set a packet size and the ___ switch to set the do not fragment bit.
Definition
ping
-l
-f
Term
A bad ___ is one that cannot successfully deliver packets.
Definition
route
Term
When a bad or missing route is discovered, route ___ can disable the route by setting the hop count to a high number.
Definition
poisoning
Term
When the ___ ___ setting is incorrect, the router tries to forward data to subnets that don't exist.
Definition
subnet mask
Term
The ___ ___ configured on the router is where the data goes after it leaves the local network.
Definition
default gateway
Term
After setting the default gateway(s), use the ___ and ___ utilities to verify connectivity and proper configuration.
Definition
ping
tracert/traceroute
Term
Every ___ ___ on a network must be unique. This includes every host, router and network card.
Definition
IP address
Term
To avoid name resolution problems, verify the ___ entries in the router configuration.
Definition
DNS
Term
When troubleshooting wiring problems, locate the cable to see if the problem is caused by ___ or ___.
Definition
crosstalk
EMI
Term
Copper-based cabling (coax or UTP) is susceptible to ___, which happens when the signal in one cable gets mixed up with the signal in another cable.
Definition
crosstalk
Term
Thee two types of crosstalk interference are ___ ___ and ___ ___.
Definition
Near End Cross Talk (NEXT)
Far End Cross Talk (FEXT)
Term
___ ___ crosstalk occurs when an outgoing data transmission leaks over to an incoming transmission.
Definition
Near End
Term
___ ___ crosstalk occurs when a receiving station overhears a data signal being sent by a transmitting station at the other end of a transmission line.
Definition
Far End
Term
___ ___ ___ can reduce or corrupt signal strength and generally happens when cables are run too close to computer monitors, fluorescent lighting, elevators, microwaves, etc.
Definition
Electromagnetic Interference (EMI)
Term
The weakening of data signals as they traverse the medium is called ___.
Definition
attenuation
Term
All ___-based cabling is susceptible to attenuation.
Definition
copper
Term
When a cable has to be run farther than the recommended length, a ___ ___ can be used to boost the signal as it travels.
Definition
signal repeater
Term
___ refers to the total opposition a circuit or device offers to the flow of a signal, measured in ohms.
Definition
Impedance
Term
To prevent ___ ___, use cable rated
with the same impedance rating.
Definition
impedance mismatch
Term
An obvious sign that a ___ may be bad is when the network’s problems can be isolated to one location.
Definition
connector
Term
If connectors do not appear questionable but the problem is isolated to one run, bad ___ is the next logical culprit.
Definition
wiring
Term
Use a multifunction cable tester Type __ to troubleshoot most wiring problems.
Definition
D
Term
A ___ ___ fault occurs when the cables are not making a full circuit.
Definition
open short
Term
A ___ ___ tester can be used to identify an open short fault.
Definition
multifunction cable
Term
Each ___ in a cable can reduce the strength of the signal.
Definition
split
Term
The loss of signal strength is measured in ___s.
Definition
decibels (dB)
Term
True or false?
dB loss is associated with almost every wiring component.
Definition
True
Term
You can test dB loss using a ___ meter, or ___ test.
Definition
power
loopback
Term
A ___ cable is intended for specific applications only (such as networking two PCs without a hub or switch) and will cause problems when used where a straight-through cable is called for.
Definition
crossover
Term
Incorrect cable ___ can make it susceptible to problems with interference, attenuation, and overall usability.
Definition
placement
Term
At the very minimum, an IP address and subnet mask are required to connect to a TCP/IP network. With just this minimum configuration, connectivity is limited to the ___ segment and ___ resolution is impossible.
Definition
local
DNS
Term
If a client system is unable to log on to a network, ensure that the ___ setting and ___ speeds are correctly set for the network.
Definition
duplex
port
Term
If systems in a VLAN are moved, you need to know how to reconnect them and forward them to the correct VLAN ___.
Definition
port
Term
___ VLAN assignment uses software to reduce the human error associated with static VLAN assignment.
Definition
Dynamic
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