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08 global studies midterm
un, congo, rwanda, and sudan
76
History
10th Grade
12/13/2008

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Cards

Term
ethnic cleansing
Definition
effort to drive minorities from a region
Term
isolationism
Definition
US policy before WWII- stay out of conflicts
Term
resolution
Definition
proposal submitted to the UN
Term
UNICEF
Definition
organization dedicated to children's health
Term
UN- germany
Definition
excluded from the league of nations
Term
international criminal court
Definition
charges suspects with crimes against humanity
Term
security council
Definition
united states, britain, china, russia, france (not charter member)
Term
general assembly
Definition
all 192 nations in the UN may vote in
Term
woodrow wilson
Definition
helped to create the league of nations
Term
franklin roosevelt
Definition
US president responsible for promoting the UN
Term
NPT
Definition
non proliferary treaty, meant to keep WMD from states
Term
pearl harbor
Definition
event that compelled Us to join the UN
Term
mandate
Definition
temporary UN custody of a country
Term
NATO
Definition
North Atlantic Treaty Organization, military alliance that rescued Bosnians from Sebs
Term
Srebrenica
Definition
UN safe haven that fell to Serbian troops
Term
nation
Definition
a group of people who live within a geographic boundary and share a similar heritage, religion, and identity
Term
state
Definition
a system of government that rules over a geographical area
Term
charter members
Definition
united states, britain, china, russia
Term
UN protection
Definition
sovereignty, self-determination, and territorial integrity
Term
sovereignty
Definition
protection under UN charter that means that a state may make decisions within its own borders
Term
self-determination
Definition
protection under the UN charter, the ability of a people to decide the form of government(democracy, dictatorship) they would like to be ruled under
Term
territorial integrity
Definition
protection under the UN charter, respect which countries have for other countries borders. meaning that a bordering country won't break the border of another country
Term
UN- east timor
Definition
example of a nation building mission on an Asian island where peace enforcement worked very well
Term
UN- bosnia
Definition
example of a UN peace keeping mission failing
Term
peace keeping
Definition
has weapons, but can't use them until shot at; no military force initially
Term
peace enforcement
Definition
uses military enforcement where necessary, don't need to be shot at first (doesn't want to use, contradicting PEACE with military)
Term
disarmament
Definition
no arms, disarm
Term
treaty
Definition
written agreement between countries, sanction is punishment
Term
NGO
Definition
non-government organization: UNICEF, church groups, Red Cross
Term
humanitarian aid
Definition
food, water, clothing, medicine
Term
diplomacy
Definition
fair, discussion of resolution
Term
human rights
Definition
speech, religion, press, assembly, marriage
Term
sanction
Definition
positive= approval
negative= cut off trade and outside interaction with outside countries
Term
league of nations
Definition
-created to stop world wars
-stop violence between countries
-countries weren't motivated to join because US wasn't in war to contribute
-no secret agreements (Britain and France)

failed because:
-didn't have control of countries
-lacked major countries (Germany, US, Russia)
-countries would have to support invaded countries
-most countries rebuilding; collective security
-WWII exposed that League wasn't working to stop violence and wars
-didn't protect sovereignty and territorial integrity
Term
Patrice Lumumba
Definition
prime minister of the Congo, helped use wealth to build hospitals and schools. seeks help of Soviet Union and becomes enemies with US. assassinated by US CIA.
Term
Joseph Kasavubu
Definition
president of the Congo, different views than Lumumba; wants to leave provinces have their own wealth and both him and Lumumba could be rich
Term
berlin conference
Definition
-free state of the Congo was in private property of the Congo Society; property of King Leopold II
-free trade throughout the Congo basin
-international prohibition of slave trade

consequences
-scramble for africa
Term
henry stanley
Definition
sponsored by Leopold, aggressively competed with a french explorer to place claim on the Congo region, opened lower Congo to commerce
Term
King Leopold
Definition
king of Belgium, owned property of Congo free state. was ruthless in his greed for resources(rubber)
Term
force publique
Definition
made up of officers form Europe and soldiers from the Congo and other African states. largest military force in Africa
Term
george washington williams
Definition
African-American, first supported Free State and within days criticizer. first to have the courage to speak out against the violence and abuse. sent letters to countries urging action. leopold could lose everything. williams died of "medical complications" in england before actions could occur
Term
ED Morel
Definition
realized slave trade from Congo by Belgium while working at Liverpool Shipping Company, tried stopping slave trade in local -towns (put career and life on the line to defy the king of Belgium. went to president roosevelt and booker t. washington (both said it was an injustice)
Term
Moise Tshombe
Definition
leader of the Katanga province that lead the secession from the rest of the Congo
Term
Katanga
Definition
natural mineral rich province (massive supplies of copper)
Term
Mobutu Sese Seko
Definition
started as general, but gained advantage and seized control of the country and created a new Congolese government. he authenticited the country and renamed it Zaire. he exploited th aid and resources in order to increase his own personal wealth, ignored parts of the country and deaths were mainly caused by malnutrition. after mobutu died the country's name was restored to Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC).
Term
nathan
Definition
the father of the Price family, reverend who believes he can save all of Africa. obsessed with baptism and is arrogant, stubborn, and sexist throughout the book. does not have an impact on the Kilanga village and fails at conveying the christian message. does not respect women and their opinions, and ends up being left behind by the rest of his family. he dies in a burning tower at the hands of the Africans. only member of the price family that was not mentally changed through experiences. reprsents western civilizations, think that can come in and automatically mold the africans but they can't.
Term
rachel
Definition
oldest sister, materialistic, self-absorbed. although accepts some responsibility while her mom is in stupor, she always carries her mirror. mirror= symbol of her selfishness. she leaves her family with axelroot who first offers her the addiction of cigarettes, and takes her to south africa. she is not changed by her congo experience and continues to live like a teenager the rest of her life due to her personality and addictions.
Term
methuselah
Definition
one thing that nathan cannot control, dependent on family, free, but still constrained. still gets food from family and lives in latrine (small cage- big cage). represents the congolese because they were surpressed by the belgians but once free they still were constrained by lack of government and education, ect. methuselah dies at same time as lumumba.
Term
baptism
Definition
nathan's obsession, the thing that would save all the africans, purification and cleansing. nathan isn't willing to bargain it being in the river verse somewhere else. shows lack of negotiation and communication between nathan and the africans.
Term
poisonwood bible
Definition
the mistake and arrogance of nathan
"jesus if bangala"= jesus is poisonwood
Term
nathan's garden
Definition
western's attempt to adapt and cultivate africa= belgians. nathan's stubbornness and doesn't want advice from africans. failure (foreshadowing for the outcome of their religious mission)
Term
fufu nsala
Definition
forest rat, what mama tataba calls the price family
Term
fire ants
Definition
aficans rebellion, cleansing
Term
adah
Definition
doesn't limp anymore (liberated from congo) and this shows new confidence gained, made many medical advances, shares her smartness. used to be the abnormal family member, could read backwards and kept only to herself. used to physically most similar to the africans (had a defect). after congo, adah tries to show mother that she was the right child to chose to save.
Term
leah
Definition
used to worship nathan, and try to impress him. time in congo drove leah to become her own person. ironically became the boy that she wanted to be for her father (he wanted a son) by becoming the man in the family. hunter and is respected by the majority of the Kilanga village. she names her children after people who have died= still effected by the death of Ruth May.
Term
orleanna
Definition
the congo distanced her and nathan. she was suppressed by him and the outlet for his anger. never respected and put down (woman). their marriage crumbled, and she stayed with him even after given the opportunity to leave sooner. ruth may's death sent orleanna into deep depression and grief and she participated in civil rights marches.
Term
lumumba/ ruth may
Definition
innocence of the congo, deaths chained down the congolese people/ the price family
Term
democracy and elections
Definition
argument in the village (only half are satisfied while usually there needs to be a unanymous vote). gave into western ways and therefore have to suffer by being totally divided and start to become greedy and western like in manners as a punishment for falling for western ways.
Term
garden of eden
Definition
congo, good verse evil= forces within congo. good- adah, ruth may, leah, orleanna; bad- nathan, rachel, eben, kuvudundu
Term
"Ma-dah-me-yi?"
Definition
ruth may's affect on the children with innocence
Term
bataan death march
Definition
nathan lives in guilt of not dying with his fellow troops because he was wounded
Term
eben axelroot
Definition
takes part in the assassanation of lumumba, marries rachel and rescues her from the congo to south africa. was a pig and an animal
Term
religion
Definition
force of colonization (god's will- africa= polytheistic, save africa), a bonding force, a safety blanket, good morals
Term
tata ndu
Definition
chief of kilanga village
Term
tata kuvudundu
Definition
spiritual leader in kilanga, "snake", moves away from tradition when he is the tradition, loses power
Term
the hunt
Definition
separates the village in voting for leah, people in the village start to be affected by greed. the village is experiencing western mannerisms
Term
bel
Definition
nathan insulting congolese women into shame
Term
brother fowles
Definition
compromise, was able to stop woman beatings in the village. was able to adapt to african culture and society and was respected by african people. he even married an african woman and now gives aid and food out to the africans throughout the congo.
Term
sons of hamm
Definition
hamm doesn't help out his father (noah) and goes to the land of canaan. becomes blackened and enslaved to his brothers. one of the justifications for slave trade because it was in the bible
Term
okapi
Definition
cross between zebra and donkey, europeans desire to kill africans. price family is stuck between African and American.
Term
civet cat
Definition
the cat that killed methuselah, CIA killed Lumumba
Term
orleanna- transformation
Definition
leaves nathan, he was verbally abusive, she lived in guilt and grief of Ruth May's death (if she had left the Congo sooner when she had the opportunity)
Term
adah- transformation
Definition
confidence, no limp, shared her knowledge with others, liberated her, her mom chose the right child to save and tried to show it to her mom
Term
rachel- transformation
Definition
stayed the same, arrogant, gold digger, addict to cigarettes and alcohol, married 3 times, but regrets not going to US and wanted a new start
Term
leah- transformation
Definition
branched off from nathan, more of a woman than the tomboy she started out as. married anatole. mind of her own (stronger)
Term
nathan- transformation
Definition
no transformation, still arrogant and stubborn.
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