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Serratus Posterior Superior Origin and Insertion
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Origin: Ligamentum Nuchae and Spinous Process of C7 thru T3
Insertion: Ribs 2 - 5 |
Serratus Posterior Superior Innervation |
Ventral Primary Rami |
Serratus Posterior Inferior Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Spinous Process of T9-L3
Insertion: Ribs 9-12 |
Serratus Posterior Inferior Innervation |
Ventral Primary Rami |
Serratus Posterior Superior & Inferior Action |
Action Assits in Respiration
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Erector Spinae: Iliocostalis Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Iliac Crest, Sacrum, Spinous Process of Lumbar Vertebrae, and Angles of Ribs
Insertion: Angle of Ribs |
Erector Spinae: Longissimus Origin and Insertion
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Origin: Blends with Iliocostalis, transverse processes of cervical and thoracic vertebrae
Insertion: Transverse processes to the level of C2, Mastoid Process |
Erector Spinae: Spinalis Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Spinous Processes starting at L2
Insertion: Spinous Processes to the level of C2, fuses with Semispinalis and fuses to skull between the superior and inferior nuchal line. |
Erector Spinae Action |
Bilateral Extend the spine and neck
Unilateral Side bending of contractile side |
Erector Spinae Innervation |
Ventral Primary Rami |
Transversospinalis: Semispinalis Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Transverse processes from C4 to T12
Insertion: Transverse processes to C2 (Spans of 4-6 vertebrae) and skull between the superior and inferior nuchal lines |
Transversospinalis: Multifidus Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Sacrum, Sacrotuberous ligament, Iliac Crest, and Transverse processes
Insertion: Spinous Process to the level of C2 (Spans 2-4 vertebrae) |
Transversospinalis: Rotatores Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Transverse Processes
Insertion: Attach to Lamina Spans 1(Brevis) or 2(Longus) vertebrae |
Spinotransverse: Splenius Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Transverse Processes (C7-T4) and Ligamentum Nuchae
Insertion: Transverse processes of C1 - C3/4, Mastoid Process, and Superior Nuchal Line |
Spinotransverse: Splenius Action |
Action Bilateral: Extension of Head and Neck
Unilateral: Side bending of neck and rotation of head. |
Name the muscles identified below:
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A - Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor B - Rectus Capitis Posterior Major C - Obliquus Capitis Inferior D - Obliquus Capitis Superior |
Rectus Capitis Posterior Major Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Spinous Process of C2
Insertion: Inferior Nuchal Line |
Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Posterior Tubercle of C1
Insertion: Inferior Nuchal Line |
Obliquus Capitis Superior Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Transverse Process of C1
Insertion: Between the Superior and Inferior Nuchal Lines |
Obliquus Capitis Inferior Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Spinous Process of C2
Insertion: Transverse Process of C1 |
Action of the Suboccipital Muscles |
Muscles include: Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor, Rectus Capitis Posterior Major, Obliquus Capitis Superior, and Obliquus Capitis Inferior
Action: Maintains posture of the head, minor role in rotation and extension. |
Borders of the Suboccipital Triangle |
Obliquus Capitis Superior Obliquus Capitis Inferior Rectus Capitis Posterior Major
|
Levator Costarum Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Transverse Process of C7 - T11
Insertion: Angle of the Ribs |
Levator Costarum Innervation |
Dorsal Primary Rami |
Levator Costarum Action |
Action Aids in Respiration |
Rectus Abdominis Origin and Insertion |
Origin - Pubic Crest and Symphysis
Insertion - 5-7th Costal Cartilages and Xiphoid Process |
Rectus Abodminis Innervation |
Thoracoabdominal and Subcostal Nerves |
Rectus Abdominis
What is the reason/function of the Tendinous Intersections?
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Tendinous Intersections allows the muscle to contract segmentally (more control) and also provides an attachment for the Rectus Sheath. |
Rectus Abdominis Action |
Action Contracts and flexes the trunk, indirectly the vertebra as well. |
Pyrimidalis Origin and Insertion |
Origin - Pubic Crest and Symphysis
Insertion - Linea Alba |
Pyrimidalis Innervation |
Iliohypogastric (Branch from L1 VPR) and the Subcostal Nerves |
Pyrimidalis Action |
Action Tenses the Linea Alba |
External Abdominal Oblique Muscle Origin and Insertion |
Origin - External Surface of the 5th thru 12th Ribs and Thoracolumbar fascia. (Has interdigitation with the Seratus Anterior)
Insertion: Linea Alba, Lateral lip of the Iliac Crest to ASIS, and Pubic Tubercle |
External Abdominal Oblique Muscle Innervation |
Subcostal and Thoracoabdominal Nerves |
External Abdominal Oblique Muscle Action |
Action Primary - Compresses the Abdominal Contents Bilaterally - Causes Flexion of the Trunk Unilaterally - Rotation of the Trunk |
Internal Abdominal Oblique Origin and Insertion |
Origin - Lateral 2/3 of Inguinal Ligament, Iliac Crest, and Thoracoabdominal Fascia
Insertion - Costal Cartilages of Ribs 7-10, Linea Alba, Pubic Crest, Pectineal Line, and Rectus Sheath |
Internal Abdominal Oblique Innervation |
Thoracoabdominal, Subcostal, and Ilioinguinal Nerves |
Internal Abdominal Oblique Action |
Action Primary - Compresses the contents of the abdomen Bilaterally - Flexion of the trunk Unilaterally - Rotation of the trunk Inferiorly - Compresses the Pubic Symphysis (Stabalizes the Pelvis) |
Transverse Abdominis Origin and Insertion |
Origin - Lateral 1/3 of the Inguinal Ligament, Medial Part of the Iliac Crest, Thoracolumbar Fascia, and Costal Cartilage of Ribs 7 - 12
Insertion - Linea Alba, Pectineal Line, and Pubic Crest |
Transverse Abdominis Innervation |
Thoracoabdominal, Subcostal, Iliohypogastric, and Ilioinguinal Nerves |
Transverse Abdominis Action |
Action Compression of the Abdomen
Stabalizes the Lumbar Spine
Compresses the Pubic Symphysis for Pelvic Compression / Stabalization |
Platysma Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Fascia over Clavicle
Insertion: Lower border of mandible, Subcutaneous tissue of face, and interdigitates with facial muscles around mouth |
Platysma Innervation |
Cervical branches of the Facial Nerve (Cranial Nerve VII) |
Platysma Action |
Action Depresses the angles of the mandible |
Sternocleidomastoid Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Anterior Manubrium and Clavicular Head
Insertion: Mastoid Process |
Sternocleidomastoid Innervation |
Accessory Nerve (Cranial Nerve XI) and APR of C2 thru C4 |
Sternocleidomastoid Action |
Action Bilateral: Flexs the Neck and Extends the Head
Unilateral: Side bending of the Head and Rotation of the Head opposite to the way it bends |
Anterior Scalene Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Anterior Tubercles of C3 thru C6
Insertion: Scalene Tubercle on Frist Rib |
Middle Scalene Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Transverse Process between the Anterior and Posterior Tubercle of C2 thru C7
Insertion: First Rib |
Posterior Scalene Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Posterior Tubercles of C4 thru C6
Insertion: Second Rib |
Scalenes Innervation |
Segmentally by APR |
Scalenes Action |
Action Side bends the head and aids in respiration |
Omohyoid Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Scapula just medial to the Suprascapular Notch
Insertion: Lower Border of Hyoid
The intermediate tendon is attached to the clavicle via the Fascial Sling |
Sternohyoid Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Deep border of the manubrium and the SC Joint
Insertion: Lower border of the hyoid |
Sternothyroid Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Deep side of the manubrium
Insertion: Oblique line of Thyroid Cartilage |
Thyrohyoid Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Oblique Line of Thyroid Cartilage
Insertion: Lower Border of Hyoid Bone |
Infrahyoid Muscles Action |
Collective Function Depresses the hyoid bone for the purpose of swallowing and stabalizes the hyoid bone
Exception Sternothyroid: Depresses the thyroid cartilage and plays a role during phonation |
Infrahyoid Muscles Innervation |
Common Innervation Ansa Cervicalis Nerve
Exception Thyrohyoid - VPR of C1 |
Digastric Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Digastric Fossa of Mandible
Insertion: Mastoid Notch
Fascial sling attaches the intermediate tendon to the hyoid bone |
Digastric Innervation |
Anterior Belly: Third Branch of Cranial Nerve V
Posterior Belly: Facial Nerve (Cranial Nerve VII) |
Stylohyoid Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Styloid Process
Insertion: Hyoid Bone (Splits to go around the Digastric) |
Stylohyoid Innervation |
Facial Nerve (Cranial Nerve VII) |
Mylohyoid Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Mylohyoid line on Mandible
Insertion: Hyoid Bone |
Mylohyoid Innervation |
Third Branch of Cranial Nerve V |
Geniohyoid Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Mental side of Mandible
Insertion: Hyoid Bone |
Geniohyoid Innervation |
APR of C1 |
Suprahyoid Muscles Action |
Elevates the hyoid
Stabalizes the base of the Tongue |
Cricothyroid Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Arch of Cricoid Cartilage
Insertion: Lamina of Thyroid Cartilage |
Cricothyroid Innervation |
External Laryngeal Nerve |
Cricothyroid Action |
Tilts the thyroid cartilage laterally
Tension on Vocal Cords |
Gluteus Maximus Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Ilium (Behind Posterior Gluteal Line), Sacrum, and Sacrotuberous Ligament
Insertion: Gluteal Tuberosity and Iliotibial Band |
Gluteus Maximus Innervation and Vasculature |
Innervation: Inferior Gluteal Nerve
Vasculature: Inferior Gluteal Artery |
Gluteus Maximus Action |
Action Extension of the Hip, Stabalization of the Hip, and Lateral Rotation |
Gluteus Medius Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Ilium (Between the Posterior and Anterior Gluteal Lines)
Insertion: Lateral Surface of Greater Trochanter |
Gluteus Medius Action |
Action Abduct the Hip If the foot is planted, can raise the opposite side of the pelvis Aids in Medial Rotation |
Gluteus Medius Innervation and Vasculature |
Innervation: Superior Gluteal Nerve
Vasculature: Superior Gluteal Artery |
Gluteus Minimus Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Ilium (Between the Anterior and Inferior Gluteal Lines)
Insertion: Lateral Side of the Greater Trochanter |
Gluteus Minimus Action |
Action Abduction and Medial Rotation |
Gluteus Minimus Innervation and Vasculature |
Innervation: Superior Gluteal Nerve
Vasculature: Superior Gluteal Artery |
Piriformis Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Anterior Surface of Sacrum
Insertion: Superior, Medial Surface of Greater Trochanter |
Piriformis Innervation |
VPR of L5 - S2 |
Piriformis Action |
Action With Hip Extended: Lateral Rotation
With Hip Flexed: Abduction |
Obturator Internus Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Deep Surface of Obturator Membrane
Insertion: Medial Side of Greater Trochanter |
Obturator Internus Innervation |
Nerve to the Obturator Internus |
Obturator Internus Action |
Action With Hip Extended: Lateral Rotation
With Hip Flexed: Abduction |
Superior Gamellus Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Ischial Spine
Insertion: Medial Side of the Greater Trochanter |
Superior Gamellus Innervation |
Nerve to Obturator Internus |
Superior Gamellus Action |
Action With Hip Extended: Lateral Rotation
With Hip Flexed: Abduction |
Inferior Gamellus Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Ischial Tuberosity
Insertion: Medial Side of Greater Trochanter |
Inferior Gamellus Innervation |
Nerve to Quadratus Femoris |
Inferior Gamellus Action |
Action With Hip Extended: Lateral Rotation
With Hip Flexed: Abduction |
Quadratus Femoris Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Ischial Tuberosity
Insertion: Intertrochanteric Crest |
Quadratus Femoris Innervation |
Nerve to Quadratus Femoris |
Quadratus Femoris Action |
Action Lateral Rotation |
Obturator Externus Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Superficial Side of Obturator Membrane
Insertion: Trochanteric Fossa |
Obturator Externus Innervation |
Obturator Nerve |
Gracilis Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Body of Pubis and Inferior Pubic Rami
Insertion: Superior Part of Posterior Medial Tibia |
Gracilis Action |
Action Adduction of Thigh at Hip Joint Flextion of Knee Joint |
Gracilis Innervation |
Obturator Nerve |
Adductor Longus Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Body of Pubis
Insertion: Middle Third of Line Aspera |
Adductor Longus Innervation |
Obturator Nerve |
Adductor Longus Action |
Adduction of Thigh at Hip Joint |
Pectineus Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Pectineal Line of Pubic Bone
Insertion: Pectineal Line of Femur |
Pectineus Innervation |
Obturator Nerve and Femoral Nerve |
Pectineus Action |
Action Adduction of Thigh at Hip Joint Hip Flexion |
Adductor Brevis Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Body of Pubis and Inferior Pubic Ramus
Insertion: Pectineal Line and Proximal Third of Line Aspera |
Adductor Brevis Innervation |
Obturator Nerve (Which splits to go around this muscle) |
Adductor Brevis Action |
Action Adduction of Thigh at Hip Joint |
Adductor Magnus Origin and Insertion |
This muscle has two divisions
Adductor Portion Origin: Ischiopubic Ramus Insertion: Linea Aspera and Medial Supracondyler Ridge
Hamstring Portion Origin: Ischial Tuberosity Insertion: Adductor Tubercle |
Adductor Magnus Innervation |
This muscle has two divisions
Adductor Portion Obturator Nerve
Hamstring Portion Tibial Division of the Sciatic Nerve |
Adductor Magnus Action |
This muscle has two divisions
Adductor Portion Adduction of Thigh at Hip Joint
Hamstring Portion Extension of Thigh at Hip Joint |
What are the quadracept muscles? |
Anterior Muscles of the Thigh: Rectus Femoris Vastus Lateralis Vastus Medialis Vastus Intermedius |
Rectus Femoris Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Straight Head: AIIS Reflected Head: Ilium above the Acetabulum
Insertion: Base of the Patella via the Quatricepts Tendon then conveyed to the Tibial Tuberosity via the Patellar Ligament |
Rectus Femoris Innervation |
Femoral Nerve |
Rectus Femoris Action |
Action Extension of Leg at Knee Joint
Flexion of Thigh at Hip Joint |
Vastus Lateralis Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Lateral Part of the Intertrochanteric Line and Lateral Lip of the Linea Aspera
Insertion: Base of the Patella via the Quatricepts Tendon then conveyed to the Tibial Tuberosity via the Patellar Ligament |
Vastus Lateralis Innervation |
Femoral Nerve |
Vastus Lateralis Action |
Extension of Leg at Knee Joint |
Vastus Medialis Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Medial Part of the Intertrochanteric Line and Medial Lip of the Linea Aspera
Insertion: Base of the Patella via the Quatricepts Tendon then conveyed to the Tibial Tuberosity via the Patellar Ligament |
Vastus Medialis Innervation |
Femoral Nerve |
Vastus Medialis Action |
Extension of Leg at Knee Joint |
Vastus Intermedius Origin and Insertion
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Origin: Anterior and Lateral Surfaces of the Proximal 2/3's of the Femur
Insertion: Base of the Patella via the Quatricepts Tendon then conveyed to the Tibial Tuberosity via the Patellar Ligament |
Vastus Intermedius Innervation
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Femoral Nerve |
Vastus Intermedius Action
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Action Extension of Leg at Knee Joint |
Articularis Genu Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Deepest Fibers of the Vastus Intermedius
Insertion: Suprapatellar Bursa |
Articularis Genu Innervation |
Femoral Nerve |
Articularis Genu Action |
Action Tenses the bursa so that it is able to travel with the Quadricepts Tendon and Reduce Friction |
Iliopsoas Origin and Insertion |
Formed from Two muscles
Iliacus Origin: Iliac Fossa
Psoas Major Origin: Transverse Processes of Lumbar Vertebra, and Intervertebral Discs and Vertebral Bodies of T12-L4
Common Insertion Lesser Trochanter |
Iliopsoas Innervation |
Formed from two muscles
Iliacus Femoral Nerve
Psoas Major VPR of L1-L3 |
Iliopsoas Action |
Action Flexion of Hip |
Sartorius Origin and Insertion |
Origin: ASIS
Insertion: Medial Surface of Tibia |
Sartorius Innervation |
Femoral Nerve |
Sartorius Action |
Action 1 - Hip Flexion 2 - Knee Flexion 3 - External Rotates Hip |
Semimembranosus Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Ischial Tuberosity
Insertion: Posterior Medial Tibial Condyle and Continues to the Lateral Femoral Condyle via the Oblique Popliteal Ligament |
Semimembranosus Innervation |
Tibial Nerve |
Semimembranosus Action |
Action Hip Extension, Knee Flexion, Medial Rotation of the Leg |
Semitendinosus Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Ischial Tuberosity
Insertion: Medial Surface of the Tibia |
Semitendinosus Innervation |
Tibial Nerve |
Semitendinosus Action |
Action Hip Extension, Knee Flexion, and Medial Rotation of the Leg |
Biceps Femoris Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Long Head: Ischial Tuberosity Short Head: Linea Aspera and Lateral Supracondyler Ridge
Insertion: Head of the Fibula, continuous with the Lateral Collateral Ligament |
Biceps Femoris Innervation |
Long Head: Tibial Nerve Short Head: Common Fibular Nerve |
Biceps Femoris Action |
Hip Extension, Knee Flexion (Not Short Head), Lateral Rotation of the Leg |
Fibularis Longus Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Lateral Surface of the Proximal Third of Fibula
Insertion: Base of 1st Metatarsal and Medial Cuneiform |
Fibularis Longus Innervation |
Superficial Fibular Nerve |
Fibularis Longus Action |
Action Inversion of the Foot, Plantar Flexion |
Fibularis Brevis Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Lateral Surface of the distal 2/3 of Fibula
Insertion: Base of the 5th Metatarsal |
Fibularis Brevis Innervation |
Superficial Fibular Nerve |
Fibularis Brevis Action |
Plantar Flexion |
Tibialis Anterior Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Anterior Lateral Surface of the Tibia, Interosseous Membrane
Insertion: Base of the 1st Metatarsal and Medial Cuneiform |
Tibialis Anterior Innervation |
Deep Fibular Nerve |
Tibialis Anterior Action |
Action Dorsi Flexion, Inversion of the Foot |
Extensor Hallucis Longus Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Middle 1/3 of Fibula, Interosseous Membrane
Insertion: Distal Phalanx of the First Digit |
Extensor Hallucis Longus Innervation |
Deep Fibular Nerve |
Extensor Hallucis Longus Action |
Action Extends the Toe, Assists in Dorsiflexion, Weak participant in Inversion |
Extensor Digitorum Longus Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Fibula, Interosseous Membrane, and Lateral Tibial Condyle
Insertion: Digital Dorsal Expansions of lateral 4 toes |
Extensor Digitorum Longus Innervation |
Deep Fibular Nerve |
Extensor Digitorum Longus Action |
Action Extension at the Metatarsalpalangeal and Interphalangeal Joints |
Fibularis (Peroneus) Tertius Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Anterior Distal Fibula
Insertion: Base of the 5th Metatarsal |
Fibularis (Peroneus) Tertius Innervation |
Deep Fibular Nerve |
Fibularis (Peroneus) Tertius Action |
Assists in Eversion and Dorsiflexion |
Gastrocnemius Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Distal Femur, Just Proximal to the Medial and Lateral Condyles
Insertion: Calcaneus |
Gastrocnemius Innervation |
Tibial Nerve |
Gastrocnemius Action |
Action Plantar Flexion, Knee Flexion |
Soleus Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Proximal Fibula, Soleal Line
Insertion: Calcaneus |
Soleus Innervation |
Tibial Nerve |
Soleus Action |
Action Plantar Flexion |
Plantaris Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Posterior Lateral Femur Superior to the Gastrocnemius
Insertion: Calcaneus |
Plantaris Innervation |
Tibial Nerve |
Plantaris Action |
Action Plantar Flexion, Knee Extension |
Flexor Hallucis Longus Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Posterior Lateral Fibula
Insertion: Distal Phalanx of Great Toe |
Flexor Hallucis Longus Innervation |
Tibial Nerve |
Flexor Hallucis Longus Action |
Action Flex Great Toe, Assists in Holding Up Talus, Assists in Plantar Flexion |
Tibialis Posterior Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Interosseous Membrane, Edges of the Tibia and Fibula
Insertion: Bases of the 2nd - 4th Metatarsals, 3 Cuneiforms, Cuboid, and Navicular |
Tibialis Posterior Innervation |
Tibial Nerve |
Tibialis Posterior Action |
Action Inversion of the Foot Assits in Plantar Flexion |
Flexor Digitorum Longus Origin and Insertion |
Origin: Posterior Tibia
Insertion: Distal Phalanges of Toes 2-5 |
Flexor Digitorum Longus Innervation |
Tibial Nerve |
Flexor Digitorum Longus Action |
Action Flex the IP Joints Assist in Plantar Flexion |