He thought that the Buddhist priests were becoming more powerful than the emperor and government officials.
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The City of Peace and Tranquility and 794.
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Heian's streets were laid out in a checkerboard pattern and it was very beautiful. There were many waterfalls, forests and lakes. The streets were lined with shrines and temples.
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They married many of their daughters into the royal family and became regents to child emperors that ruled. Regents ruled in place of an emperor who is too young.
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He thought that he was the most powerful man in the world, even though he wasn't an emperor or government official.
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Keeping Japan out of war for a long time, building palaces, mansions and temples and ruling from 995 - 1028.
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The family that a person came from.
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Nobles 1 -3: High court nobles, received rice and money from peasants.

4 -5: Same privileges.

6 - 9: Kept records and set budgets. Clerk, minor official, lawyer and doctor.
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Governed what kid of carriage you owned, what kind of house you lived in, how many servants you had, what you punishment would be if you broke a law and much more.
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How good their taste was.
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Really long hair, black teeth, perfumed, white face powder, red lipstick, eyebrows high on their foreheads.
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Instead of making artwork only using one piece of stone, they carved seperate pieces and joined them together.
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Early: Buddhist scenes.

Later: Non-religious scenes, landscapes, people doing jobs, nature, literature.
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It was extremely important; revealed a person's character and goodness.
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The Tale of Gengi.
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Wealthy ignored the poor people's problems. Wealthy landowners paid no taxes. Law enforcement broke down and bandits roamed the land. Struggles over land and power led to a civil war.
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781 - 806: Emperor Kammu becomes emperor.

794: Kammu moves capital.

858: Fujiwara clan gains power.

995 - 1028: Fujiwara Michinaga rules

1180 - 1185: Civil war
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Minamoto Yoritomo
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The supreme military ruler of Japan.
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1192 - 1868
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Shogun: Supreme military ruler. Government called a shogunate.

Daimyo: Warrior lords controlled land and armies of samurai. Helped shogun rule. Sometimes battled each other for power.

Samurai: Profession warrior. Means those who serve. Protect and fight for daimyo. Get land and rice in return.

Peasants: Majority of population. Farmed. Paid high taxes.

Artisans: Made goods like swords and armor.

Merchants: Traded goods. Were not honored because they made nothing.
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An important code that samurai lived by. Highlighted loyalty to daimyo, courage, honesty and honor.
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Ritual suicide. Plunged sword into stomach. Had to show no fear. Assistant was allowed to behead.
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Bows and Arrows: Bows made of silk and bamboo. Arrows had spikes.

Katana: Long curved sword.

Pole: Blades were attached to the ends.

Rarely used shields.
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Composed of tiny pieces of metal, leather and fabric. Wore a long single piece of armor at the neck. Helmets were scary, as well as masks.
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Failing to live up to Bushido. Punishment for a crime. When his lord is killed.
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Before: Inherited property when husbands died. Had rights. Were warriors.

After: Fewer rights. Couldn't choose husbands. Must kill self when husband died. Household tasks.
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Zen and Amida Buddhism
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Following the Noble Eightfold Path is too hard. Much easier to reach Pure Land. Feel pure happiness. Must chant Bodhisattva Amida's name.
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Most Samurai were Zen. Meditation and answering koans (puzzling questions that cannot be solved by logic) helped you reach enlightenment / nirvana. Taught samurai focus, discipline and not to fear death.
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Everyone recieves something. Organized society. Experts at their jobs. Everyone is loyal.
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People are not treated equally. Peasants only pay taxes and don't recieve money. Military society. Samurai kill one another.