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| One of the most dangerous protozoans |
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| Not one sex and asexual reproduction |
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| The most commonly employed method of reproduction with Protozoans |
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| locomotive organelle (ameoba) |
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looks like a propeller and pushes the cell forward
Example: Ski Boat |
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| Numerous cilia that cover the cell |
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-have psuedopodia
-has to live in a water environment |
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organism that lives in another organism
-mouth parasite |
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| Calcium Carbonate that uses it for a shell |
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| psuedopodia that sticks out like pokes all around that outside |
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| Hypermastigids-excrete cellulace that can break down cellulose and live within termites |
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-entirely parasitic and host specific
-blood parasites |
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| takes and passes parasites to animals |
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| the vector of african sleeping sickness |
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(chagas')
vector - assassin bugs |
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| a STD that causes vaginal itching |
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| a cell that penetrates into its host |
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| Portuguese man-o-war (hydrazoa) |
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Definition
a colonial animal (not a true jellyfish)
-decompose to nothing but netocysts |
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true jellyfish (diecious)
-ciliated polyp stage is the scyphastoma
-sea turtles eat jellyfish |
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| budding of jellyfish in a strobbing manner |
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-hexomirroric symmetry
-number of tentacles are based on the species and a multiple of 6 |
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-all polyps
-hold fast that secretes to keep them in place
-reproduce asexually
(octacorals aka softs corals)-sea grasses |
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| nearest to anemones, hexacorals, make up the anchor of most marine life |
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| nearest to anemones, hexacorals, make up the anchor of most marine life |
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| the shell that has many thecum (sockets) where corals live |
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| Where do you find Coral Reefs? |
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| tropical regions,shallow, warm waters that are clear because they need to have a lot of photic energy, 65 degrees and up, and can go up to 200 ft deep |
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| dorsoventrally compressed |
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| developed from the endoderm |
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| Cnidarians have __________ for nervous systems |
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| Triploblastic organisms have _________ |
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| photoreceptors on platyhelminthes |
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| a system that gets rid of the waste of flame cells |
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| free living forms, aquatic, marine and/or terrestrial |
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| cells that rupture which make turbellaria foul tasting |
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| soon to be animals, segements from asexual reproduction |
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| turbellaria can regenerate from _____ |
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| a special cuticle that is a cytoplasmic cover located on tapeworms and flukes |
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| -liver flukes (flaciola, chlinorchis) |
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| water is usually where the intermediate host is (snails), |
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| types of human flukes (pg 55) |
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| blood flukes-live in the blood, in intestinal and bladder veins (sexual dimorphic, and diecious) |
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| One Person has parasite>parasite is released in a water source(pond) through defecation>the infected cyst and paratizes the snail>develops into a cercaria>finds a human host by burrowing through skin (matreration process) |
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| One of the largest targeted blood flukes |
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| intestinal parasites, only have two muscle layers, strobilia comprised of zooids called proglittods which grow into mature proglittods that get passed out through fecal matter |
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| dog tapeworms- intermediate host is the flea, another host grain beetle |
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| complete digestive system, diecious |
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| psuedocoelomates, fresh water animals, wheel animacule, all females and reproduce through mitosis (parthenogenesis) until fall and then males are reproduced and fertilize |
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| Rotifers eat with _________ |
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| "round worms", psuedomcoelomates, free living forms (most), sexually dimorphic, eutely (grows through cell enlargement), all species have the same number of cells, muscles reach out to nerves instead of vice versa |
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| tiny worms that live in the colon |
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| trichinosis, developed mostly in pork cuz they eat everything, parasites destroy cells |
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| dog heartworms, mosquitos take micro-filarial worms and transfer them to other dogs; also elephantiasis |
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| spread through fecal matter, then go to the intestine, liver, heart, and finally the lungs only to get coughed up and go to the intestine again as a mature ascarid |
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| eat away the lining of the intestine, and are deposited through fecal matter and move about through out the soil and develop, then wait to get skin contact and cut thier way through the body until they get to the liver, heart, lungs, and coughed, digested to the intestined |
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Term
Phylum Mollusca
(true Eucoelomates) |
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| Live in water, have a shell (calcium carbonate), mantle |
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| a smooth inner layer of a mollusc that has prismatic color is _________ |
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| The _______________ secretes the shell. |
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| The mouth and teeth of a mollusc |
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| mouth, esophogus, stomach, intestine, anus |
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| The mantle cavity is a chamber for the ______________ |
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| The gills in a mollusc have cililated gills called _____ |
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| Within the Coelem in a mollusc, there is a circulatory system containing ______________ |
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| a heart, (two chambers-atrium, ventricle), veins (to heart), arteries (away from heart) |
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| mollusc excretory system contains _________ |
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| kidneys that are fed through blood vessels and then fed into the mantle |
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| mollusc reproductive systems contain ________ |
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| gonads, and are monocecious (lay eggs) |
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| Monoplacophora, Polyplacophora (chiton), Gastropoda (snails and slugs), Bivalvia |
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| when the ctenedia is flipped to the bottom of the snail to cyphon the waste out when in protective state |
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| slugs can _______ because they do not have a shell |
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| the apex, the first part of the shell developed |
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| Fresh water and Land snails are considered _________ |
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| Pulmanates (have lungs instead of ctenedia)/ came on land and then back into fresh water |
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| two paired hinged shells, sessile, massive ctenedia, filter feeders, external fertilization, |
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| immature bivalves that latch on to the gills of fresh water fish until they mature |
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| Highly advanced mollusca, have tentacles (modified foot), radula modified into a beak, mantle is muscular and move through propulsion, ctenidia have no cilia, well developed nervous system and brain, sensory organs (advanced developed eyes) |
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| when two completely different species have one or more traits in common |
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| cepholopods (nautiloids, squids, octupuses) |
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Definition
nautloids-most primitive, chambered symmetrical shell (making it boyant), polagic animals, 20+ tentacles
Squids- typically polagic, streamline body, 8 arms, and two tentacles with suckers and hooks, largest squids are the giant squids and colossal squids, internal shell that provides a skeletal structure called a pen, sepia
Octupus- eight tentacles with suckers, do not have a shell, benthic animal, noctornal, change color and patterns, toxic |
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| obviously externally segmented animals |
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| the segments in an annelid (homonomony) |
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| the developement of a head |
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| "many bristles", marine worms, diecious, epitoky,have jaws, sensory tentacles,parapodia |
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| earthworms, monecious, have a distinct clitellum, fertilization occurs on land (only example), no free swimming larva stages, borrow in soil, eats through grazing, has a pair of bristles on each segment |
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| leeches,monoecious, have a clitellum(not seen very well), internal fertilization and lay eggs, no free swimming larva, protect there eggs, all leeches have 34 segements |
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| a special type of reproduction with polychaetes when they pinch in half, half on bottom replaces whole worm, and other half swims to the surface and rupture and spill gammetes that swim and fertilize |
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| Largest diversity group of animals |
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| Exoskeleton (calcium carbonate) and Chitin (sugar, protien context) |
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| skeleton is on the outside of the animal, limits size (largest are marine) |
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| a thin waxy material that reduces water loss, where pigments are on exoskeletons |
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| comprised of two layers exocuticle and endocuticle |
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| the cells that underlay the exoskeleton |
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| a ventral plate is called the |
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| the lateral plates are called the |
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| the joint of the segmented legs and parts |
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molting of the exoskeletan, has a certain number of molts
-starts to produce a new epicutlicle and then a new exocutlicle, and then endocutlicle>once developed it splits the old exoskeleton and the arthropod crawls out |
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