Term
|
Definition
| Term: The outer part of the kidney. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: The inner part of the kidney. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Blood enters the kidney through what? |
|
|
Term
1. Allows animals to grow larger than a few millimeters (simple diffusion only works across small areas)
2. Distributes heat throughout body
3. Transports hormones
4. Helps maintain constant internal environment
5. Defends body against disease organisms |
|
Definition
| What are the five most important functions of the circulatory system? |
|
|
Term
| The left ventricle pumps blood to the body, while the right only pumps to the lungs. The left is doing more work and has therefore developed more muscle. |
|
Definition
| Why does the left ventricle contain more muscular walls than the right ventricle? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Blood vessels that take blood away from heart. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Nervous System
Endocrine System |
|
Definition
| What are the two main coordinating systems found in animals? |
|
|
Term
| The (slower than nuerons) chemical messengers |
|
Definition
| What does the endocrine system use to conduct information? |
|
|
Term
| Sensory (afferent) nuerons |
|
Definition
| What cells make up the nervous system? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Nervous System
Endocrine System |
|
Definition
| What are the two main coordinating systems found in animals? |
|
|
Term
| The (slower than nuerons) chemical messengers |
|
Definition
| What does the endocrine system use to conduct information? |
|
|
Term
| Sensory (afferent) nuerons |
|
Definition
| What cells make up the nervous system? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What receives the information the sensory (afferent) neurons then carry? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sensory receptors in the CNS receive information, send it through sensory neurons -> CNS -> motor neuron -> effector |
|
Definition
| Describe the path information takes throughout the nervous system. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Nerve cells that lie in the CNS between the input and output neurons (sensory and motor, respectively) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Starting stage of nervous system embryonic development. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What are the two sections of the CNS? |
|
|
Term
Forebrain
Midbrain
Hindbrain |
|
Definition
| What are the three parts the brain is made of? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What overall embryonic tissue derives the forebrain? |
|
|
Term
Telencephalon
Diencephalon |
|
Definition
| What two embryonic tissues derive the parts of the forebrain? |
|
|
Term
Olfactory lobes
Cerebral hemispheres |
|
Definition
| What does the embryonic telencephalon form? |
|
|
Term
Pineal Gland
Epithalamus
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Pituitary Gland |
|
Definition
| What does the embryonic Diencephalon form? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What embryonic tissue makes up the midbrain? |
|
|
Term
Roof (4 bodies that serve as relay centers)
Floor (2 diverging stalks [bundles of fibers] to cerebrum) |
|
Definition
| What does the midbrain consist of? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What embryonic tissue derives the Hindbrain overall? |
|
|
Term
Metencephalon
Myelencephalon |
|
Definition
| What two embryonic tissues make up the Hindbrain's parts? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What does the Metencephalon form? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What does the Myelencephalon form? |
|
|
Term
Spinal nerves (sensory and motor)
Cranial nerves
Autonomic Nervous System |
|
Definition
| What are the three parts of the Peripheral Nervous System? |
|
|
Term
Central Nervous System
Peripheral Nervous System |
|
Definition
| What are the two parts of the nervous system? |
|
|
Term
| Via dorsal and ventral roots |
|
Definition
| How do spinal nerves (motor and sensory) attach to the spinal cord? |
|
|
Term
| Send information from sense organs to spinal cord |
|
Definition
| What is the function of afferent neurons? |
|
|
Term
| Send information from spinal cord to skeletal muscle |
|
Definition
| What is the function of efferent neurons? |
|
|
Term
Sensory and motor fibers are not necessarily found in each nerve;
Not attached by dorsal and ventral roots |
|
Definition
| How are cranial nerves different from spinal nerves? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: System that contains only efferent fibers; innervates smooth muscle, heart, and glands |
|
|
Term
Sympathetic
Parasympathetic |
|
Definition
| What are the two parts of the Autonomic Nervous System? |
|
|
Term
Sympathetic - Thoracolumbar
Parasympathetic - Craniosacral |
|
Definition
| In what regions do the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems emerge? |
|
|
Term
Sympathetic trunk;
Sympathetic ganglia |
|
Definition
| What is the small whitish band on the dorsal side of the chest wall, and what are the enlargements at each rib? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What is the fluid within the spinal cord called? |
|
|
Term
| Involuntary Structures such as smooth and cardiac muscle, as well as glands |
|
Definition
| What does the autonomic nervous system innervate? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Minute, thin-walled vessels in tissues where exchanges of water, nutrients, gases, and waste products between the blood and interstitial fluid takes place. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Drain capillary beds; takes blood back to heart. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Carries surplus interstitial fluid and a few smaller protein molecules that seep out of capillaries to larger veins. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Sites for production and storage of certain white blood cells (lymphocytes) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Oxygen depleted/carbon dioxide-enriched blood is returned from two vena cavae to what? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What does the Cranial Vena Cava drain? |
|
|
Term
| Caudal parts and internal organs of the body |
|
Definition
| What does the Caudal Vena Cava drain? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Brings nutrient rich blood from the small intestine to the liver. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Blood is drained from the liver through ___ ___ into the caudal vena cava. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Oxygen-rich blood travels from the lungs to what? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What blood vessels bring oxygen rich blood back to the heart? |
|
|
Term
| This pressure closes the atrioventricular valves (Tricuspid and Bicuspid) and blood is forced out the two large arteries leaving the heart. |
|
Definition
| What happens when pressure is increased by the muscular ventricle walls contracting? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What are the two atrioventricular valves? |
|
|
Term
Pulmonary trunk;
2 pulmonary arteries |
|
Definition
| What major artery leaves the right ventricle, and what does it branch into? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What major artery leaves the left ventricle? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| True/False: Blood flowing through the heart suffices the heart muscle's need for oxygen. |
|
|
Term
Coronary arteries;
Cardiac veins |
|
Definition
| What arteries break off the aorta and provide oxygen rich blood to the heart's muscles? What takes the oxygen depleted blood away from the heart? |
|
|
Term
Right atrium
Left atrium
Right ventricle
Left ventricle |
|
Definition
| What are the four parts of the heart? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Each atrium have an ear shaped, dark-colored ___. |
|
|
Term
Before - Ductus Arteriosis
After - Ligamentum Arteriosum
Before - Foramen Ovale
After - Fossa Ovalis |
|
Definition
| There are two differences in the circulatory system in fetal and post-birth pigs. What are these differences called before and after they are born? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Branch in the fetus that connects the pulmonary trunk to the aorta. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Ligament left over once the Ductus Arteriosus closes off at birth. |
|
|
Term
| Because the fetus doesn't use its lungs, the blood bypasses the lungs straight into the aorta. |
|
Definition
| Why is the ductus arteriosus needed in the fetus but not after birth? |
|
|
Term
| Because blood does not need to reach the lung, most of the blood passes from the right atrium to the left atrium. |
|
Definition
| Why is the Foramen Ovale needed in the fetus, but not after birth? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Vein that receives most of the drainage from the thoracic wall. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Veins in the neck lie ____ to the arteries.
[Hint: Position] |
|
|
Term
Veins have thinner walls and flattened cross sections.
Arteries have thicker walls and rounded cross section. |
|
Definition
| What is the difference in veins and arteries without relying on color? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Blood vessels in the neck that drain the blood of the head near the lateral sides of the pig. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Blood vessels that lie medially in the body in the neck and drain part of the blood of the inside of the skull. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Vein leaving the armpit that unites eventually with the jugular veins. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Vein that unites with the jugular and subclavian veins. |
|
|
Term
| They turn very deeply and unite with each other to form the cranial vena cava. |
|
Definition
| Where do the brachiocephalic veins lead to and form? |
|
|
Term
Brachiocephalic Trunk
Left subclavian artery |
|
Definition
| The arch of the aorta gives off two what very important blood vessels? |
|
|
Term
Right subclavian artery
Common Carotid arteries |
|
Definition
| What are the important blood vessels that the brachiocephalic trunk give off? |
|
|
Term
External carotid artery
Internal carotid artery |
|
Definition
| Term: The common carotid arteries break off into what two arteries? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Part of the autonomic nervous system in between common carotid artery and internal jugular vein. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What is the function of the vagus nerve? |
|
|
Term
| Receives the ductus arteriosus and gives rise to many pairs of intercostal arteries. |
|
Definition
| What happens to the aorta once it begins to descend along the dorsal thoracic wall? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Blood vessels that extend between the ribs, providing them with oxygen-rich blood? |
|
|
Term
Intercostal veins;
Left Azygous vein |
|
Definition
| Which blood vessels drain the region between the ribs, and what do these blood vessels form together into? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Once the left azygous vein crosses the heart, it widens and forms the ___. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Group of veins that drain the digestive organs and spleen and carry blood to the liver. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Veins that lead from capillaries in one organ to capillaries in another organ rather than directly to the heart. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Blood vessel that brings nutrient rich blood from the small intestine into the liver. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Blood vessel that returns blood from the placenta. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Position in body where organs or blood vessels in question lie deep to the peritoneum. |
|
|
Term
Aorta
Caudal Vena Cava
Kidneys |
|
Definition
| Give an example of a structure in the body which can be described as retroperitoneal. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Small structure on cranial end of kidney which produces several hormones. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What important hormone is produced by the adrenal gland that is used in fight or flight reactions? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Blood vessel that provides oxygen-rich blood to the diaphragm. |
|
|
Term
| Cranial Mesenteric Artery |
|
Definition
| Term: Blood vessel that supplies the small intestine with oxygen-rich blood. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Blood vessel that supplies the kidney with oxygen-rich blood. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Blood vessel that removes oxygen-depleted blood from the kidney. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Small blood vessel that supplies oxygen-rich blood to the adrenal gland. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Organ which stores urine ready to be excreted. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Structure in body which produces sperm. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Area in body in which the ovaries rise through if a female, or the testes descend through if a male. |
|
|
Term
Uterine horns
Because, unlike humans, they have a litter of pigs. |
|
Definition
| Where does pregnancy occur in the pig, and why is this different from the human? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Where does human pregnancy occur? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Organ which stores eggs in females. |
|
|
Term
Gonadial arteries
(or testicular and ovarian) |
|
Definition
| Term: Blood vessels that supply either the testes or ovaries with oxygen-rich blood. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Blood vessel which brings oxygen-rich blood to the colon/large intestine. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What are the structures that carry urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Which part of the eye do you put the contact on? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Is the optic nerve in the exact back of the eyeball? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The eye muscles are attached to what coat of the eye? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What is another name for the sclerotic coat? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Another name for the choroid coat. |
|
|
Term
Sclera - White, tough
Choroid - Black, thin
Retina - Tan, fragile |
|
Definition
| Describe each of the layers of the eye, in order from outside to inside. |
|
|
Term
| Keep photons of light from bouncing around the eye. |
|
Definition
| What is the function of the choroid coat? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| There is a high density of what kind of cells in the fovea? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What type of sight are the rod cells in charge of? |
|
|
Term
| Color and high resolution |
|
Definition
| What type of sight are the cone cells in charge of? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Spot in which there are no sensitive rod or cone cells and the optic nerve leave the eye headed towards the brain. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Shiny, iridescent layer which makes animal eyes seem to 'glow' when headlights are shone at them. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What part of the eye do animals have that humans don't? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Chamber between lens and retina. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What vision is improved by increased thickness of the lens? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What type of vision is improved by less thickness of the lens? |
|
|
Term
| Suspensory ligament of the lens |
|
Definition
| Term: These structures change the shape of the lens for accommodation to near/far vision. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Slightly thickened part of the choroid coat. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Folds on the side of the ciliary body bordering the margin of the lens. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Terms: Two forward continuations of the choroid coat. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Boundry between the sensory and non-sensory portions of the retina. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What structure is continuous with the sclerotic coat? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Space between the cornea and the iris. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Small space between the iris and the lens. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Clear liquid that fills the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Microscopic muscles in the ciliary processes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Point of most acute or distinct vision, containing only cone cells. |
|
|
Term
| The image is inverted on the retina and inverted again in the brain. |
|
Definition
| What happens during the formation of an image on the retina of a normal eye? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What are the parts of the outer coat of the eye? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What are the parts of the middle coat of the eye? |
|
|
Term
Thick, visual part of retina
Thin, non-visual part of retina
Ora serrata |
|
Definition
| What are the parts of the inner coat of the eye? |
|
|
Term
1. Protects eyeball
2. Gives form and shape to eyeball
3. Place for attachment of muscles to move eyeball |
|
Definition
| What are the three functions of the Sclera? |
|
|
Term
1. Transparent for transmission of light
2. Helps focus light rays |
|
Definition
| What are the functions of the cornea? |
|
|
Term
1. Pigment prevents internal reflection of light rays
2. Many blood vessels present for nourishing retina
3. Elastic coat to keep lens flattened |
|
Definition
| What is the function of the Choroid? |
|
|
Term
| Contains ciliary muscles that are used in focusing on near objects |
|
Definition
| What is the function of the ciliary body? |
|
|
Term
| Circular and radial muscles control amount of light passing through lens to retina |
|
Definition
| What is the function of the iris? |
|
|
Term
| Contains rods and cones for light perception |
|
Definition
| What is the function of the thick visual part of the retina? |
|
|
Term
| Covers the posterior surface of the ciliary body and iris |
|
Definition
| What is the function of the non-visual part of the retina? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Chamber posterior to lens. |
|
|
Term
| Converge light rays (amount depending on the thickness) |
|
Definition
| What is the function of convex lenses? |
|
|
Term
| Cause light rays to diverge |
|
Definition
| What is the function of concave lenses? |
|
|
Term
T-Lymphocytes (T-Cells)
B-Lymphocytes (B-Cells) |
|
Definition
| What are the two types of lymphocytes? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Which white blood cells are agranular? |
|
|
Term
Neutrophils
Eosinophils
Basophils |
|
Definition
| Which white blood cells are granular? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Most common agranular leukocytes of T and B cells. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Most common granular leukocytes, three-lobed nucleus. |
|
|
Term
| Sites of injury or infection |
|
Definition
| Where are neutrophils most commonly found? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Allele whose phenotypic effect is masked in the heterozygote by that of a dominant allele. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: In genetics, phenomenon in which the effects of both alleles at a particular locus are apparent in the phenotype of the heterozygote. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Checkerboard diagram used for analysis of allele segregation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Observable characteristic of an organism, resulting from alleles. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Genetic constitution on an individual cell or organism with reference to a single trait or set of traits; sum total of all the genes in an individual. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An inherited trait, such as color blindness, determined by a gene located on a sex chromosome and that therefore shows a different pattern of inheritance in males and females. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In genetics, what does true-bred or pureline refer to? |
|
|
Term
| Eliminating nitrogenous waste products of protein metabolism by cells, and maintaining homeostasis by regulating body fluid balance and pH. |
|
Definition
| What is the main function of the kidneys? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Two bean-shaped organs against the dorsal wall of the abdominal cavity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| To focus light on a near lobject, the lens must become___. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| When the eye is at rest, it is focused on ___ objects. |
|
|
Term
| Rays of light come to a focus behind retina. |
|
Definition
| What happens in "far-sightedness?" |
|
|
Term
Too flat of lens
Too short an eyeball |
|
Definition
| What causes far-sightedness? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What fixes far-sightedness? |
|
|
Term
| Rays of light come to a focus in front of retina. |
|
Definition
| What happens in "near-sightedness?" |
|
|
Term
Too thick of lens
Too long an eyeball |
|
Definition
| What causes near-sightedness? |
|
|
Term
| Lens has lost elasticity cause near objects to become blurry. |
|
Definition
| What causes "old-sightedness?" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Surface of cornea or lens not evenly curved; causes blurred image. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Area of most distinct vision. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: double sense organ of vertebrates |
|
|
Term
Sensitive to sound waves
Sensitive to changes in body position |
|
Definition
| What are the Two functions of the ear? |
|
|
Term
Pinna
External Auditory Canal |
|
Definition
| What are the two parts of the outer ear? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Structure of ear that funnels sound waves down the canal. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Tube leading sound waves into the skull. |
|
|
Term
| Eardrum/Tympanic Membrane |
|
Definition
| Term: Inner end of external auditory Canal that forms a membranous partition between the outer and middle ear. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: External Auditory Canal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Air filled cavity of the ear in one of the bones in the skull, connected to the nasopharynx by the Eustachian tube. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Which small ear bone fits into the oval window? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Oval shaped opening the stirrup fits into. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What are the three important bones that form a chain in the ear called? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Watery fluid that fills the inner ear. |
|
|
Term
| These have nothing to do with hearing, only ORIENTATION/equilibrium |
|
Definition
| What is the function of the three semicircular Canals? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Blind tubular extension of the ear. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Complicated sense organ for hearing contained in the cochlear duct. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Spiral structure including cochlear duct with bony coverings. |
|
|
Term
Renal Artery;
Afferent Arterioles;
Glomerulus;
Filtration;
Filtrate |
|
Definition
| Blood enters the kidney through the ___, which branches into ___, which similarly branches into a network of capillaries called a ___. This is where ___ occurs. Due to pressure, small molecules and liquid pass from the blood through pores to become the ___. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Larger molecules in the blood leave the glomerulus by the ___ ___. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Blood continues to pick up water and nutrents through this process. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: blood vessels that blood flows through after leaving the glomerulus through efferent arterioles. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: In this process, molecules and ions leave the blood and go into the filtrate of the nephron. |
|
|
Term
Seminierous Tubules;
Testes |
|
Definition
| Sperm are produced in the ___ ___ of the ___. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sperm are stored in the ___. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Are testes cooler or warmer than body temperature? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Pair of blood vessels the aorta gives rise to, supplying blood to the legs. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Continuation of external iliac artery. |
|
|
Term
Cranial Vena Cava
Caudal Vena Cava
Coronary Sinus |
|
Definition
| What are the three ways the right atruim receives blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Blood vessel that leaves the upper leg |
|
|
Term
Deep Femoral Artery
Deep Femoral Vein |
|
Definition
| Term: Blood vessels that supply/leave the upper leg on the medial side of the proximal end of the femoral blood vessels. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Two blood vessels on either side of the urinary bladder; supply oxygen rich blood to fetus. |
|
|
Term
External Iliac Artery
Internal Iliac Artery |
|
Definition
| Term: Two blood vessels the common iliac artery gives rise to. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Blood vessels which return blood from the lungs. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Branches of the trachea. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Partitions between the two atria. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Valve in heart with three "flaps." |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: these structures anchor the margins of the valves to the ventricular walls; "heart strings." |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: In the pulmonary trunk, this structure consists of three semilunar shaped pockets. |
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|
Term
| To keep blood from flowing back into the right ventricle from the pulmonary trunk |
|
Definition
| What is the function of the plulmonary valve? |
|
|
Term
| Right atrioventricular valve |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Left atrioventricular valve |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Valve in heart with only two "flaps." |
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|
Term
| They come so close together that diffusion occurs, but there is usually no mixing of the two. |
|
Definition
| How does fetal and maternal blood exchange nutrients, oxygen, and waste products? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Process in which some of the oxygen-rich blood leaving the heart throught the aorta enters the pulmonary arteries through the ductus arteriosis and passes through the lungs a second time. |
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|
Term
| Fetal hemoglobin can carry more oxygen molecules, but does not give them up as easy. |
|
Definition
| What is different about fetal hemoglobin that adult hemoglobin |
|
|
Term
| Only from a few hours to a day or so |
|
Definition
| How long does the neonatal circulatory pattern last? |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| What happens if the ductus arteriosis or foramen ovale don't close properly? |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Liquid part of blood. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What is the most abundant type of blood cells? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What is the mostly widely studied protein? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| True/False: Hemoglobin is found in red blood cells, but not white blood cells. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Respiratory pigment that fills erythrocytes. |
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|
Term
| They have no nuclei or most other organelles. |
|
Definition
| Why do red blood cells have a short life span (100-120 days) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Granular (freckled) Leukocytes and agranular leukocytes |
|
Definition
| How are white blood cells usually grouped? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: one of the body's first line of defense. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Granular cell in blood that kill parasitic larva, phagocytose various inflammatory substances, and help the body rid of antigen-antibody complexes. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| term: Rarest leukocyte: S-like nucleus; contains histamine and herparin. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: blobs of cytoplasm that have budded off giant cells (megakaryocytes); plug injured blood vessels. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Giant cells that give right to blood platelets. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Unit of heredity in chromosome; sequence of nucleotide in a DNA molecule that performs a specific function. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Two or more different forms of a gene; occupy the same lucus on homologous chromosomes. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Structure that carries genes; appear as treads or rods |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Position of gene on a chromosome. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Property of a diploid chromosome that has identical alleles at one or more loci. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Property of a diploid chromosome that doesn't have identical alleles at a locus. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Allele whose phenotypic effect is the same in both Homozygous and heterozygous conditions. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Organ in which urine is stored. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Caudal end of the urinary bladder which urine leaves the body. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Expanded chamber in kidney from ureter. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Small compartments of the renal pelvis. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Dark tuft of kidney tissue. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Collection of renal pyramids. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Peripheral, lighter-colored part of kidney. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Structural and functional part of the kidney. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What are the two major parts of the nephron? |
|
|
Term
| In the microscopic seminiferous tubules. |
|
Definition
| Where are sperm cells produced? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Opening to the outside of the body caudal to the umbilical cord (on males). |
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|
Term
Bulbourethral Gland
Seminal Vesicle
Prostate Gland |
|
Definition
| What are the three accessory glands of the penis? |
|
|
Term
| Secrete a fluid that provides nutrients to sperm |
|
Definition
| What is the function of the seminal vesicles? |
|
|
Term
| Secrete fluid that provides lubrication during sexual intercourse. |
|
Definition
| What is the function of the bulbourethral glands? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Tube consisting of convoluted tubules and loop of Henle. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Network of capillaries which blood is filtered through during the process of filtration. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: C-shaped structure around glomerulus. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Functional unit consisting of glomerulus and Bowman's Capsule. |
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|
Term
| Proximal Convoluted Tubule |
|
Definition
| Term: First part of renal tubule. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Second part of renal tubule; loop that leads into and out of renal medulla. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Third portion of renal tubule. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Collection duct which several distal convoluted tubules empty into. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Blood vessels which drain efferent arterioles. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: External pouch which contains the testes. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Process of testes dropping from near the kidneys into the scrotum. |
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|
Term
| The vas deferens are cut and tied off, making it so sperm cannot make it outside the body. |
|
Definition
| What is done in a vasectomy? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Band of tissue surrounding the testis which stores sperm. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Continuation of epididymis which stores sperm if there is an excess. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Beginning of fat build on the heart; everyone has this. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Prominent fat build up on the heart. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
1. Coeliac Artery
2. Cranial Mesenteric Artery |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
1. Chonchae
2. Semicircular Canals |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
1. Cerebrum
2. Hypothalamus
3. Pineal Gland/Pons
4. Medulla Oblongata
5. Thymus
6. Pituitary Gland
7. Cerebellum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
1. Extrinsic Muscle
2. Scleratic coat/Sclera
3. Conjunctiva
4. Posterior Chamber
5. Aqueous Humor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
1. Common Carotid Arteries
2. Brachiocephalic Trunk
3. Right Subclavian Artery
4. Left Subclavian Artery
5. Aortic Arch |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
1. Cornea
2. Pupil
3. Anterior Chamber
4. Iris
5. Ciliary Muscle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
1. Gonadial Artery
2. Caudal Mesenteric Artery
3. Common Iliac Artery
4. Internal Iliac Artery
5. External Iliac Artery |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
1. Cervix
2. Urethra
3. Vagina
4. Orifice of Urethra
5. Vaginal Vestibule
6. Glans Clitoridis
7. Genital papilla |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
1. Corpus Luteum
2. Primary Follicle
3. Primordial Follicle
4. Secondary Follicle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
1. Caudal Vena Cava
2. Hepatic Vein
3. Diaphragm |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A. Common Carotid Artery
B. Vagus Nerve
C. Right Subclavian Artery |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A. External Jugular Vein
B. Internal Jugular Vein
C. Left Brachiocephalic Vein |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A. Aortic Arch
B. Pulmonary Trunk
C. Brachiocephalic Trunk |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
1. Extrinsic Muscle
2. Choroid Coat
3. Retina
4. Ciliary Body
5. Suspensory Ligaments |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
1. Vitreous Body/Humor
2. Lens
3. Fovea
4. Optic Nerve
5. Ora Serrata |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Glomerulus of Frog Kidney |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
1. Arch of Aorta
2. Pulmonary Trunk
3. Pulmonary Artery |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
10. Right Atria
11. Right Ventricle
12. Left Atria
13. Left Ventricle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
1. Right Subclavian Artery
2. Brachiocephalic Trunk
3. Aorta
4. Coronary Artery |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
1. Common Carotid Artery
2. Left Subclavian Artery
3. Intercostal Artery |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
1. Diaphragm
2. Coeliac Artery
3. Cranial Mesenteric Artery
4. Renal Artery
5. Gonadial Artery |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
1. Pulmonary Trunk
2. Pulmonary Veins
3. Left Azygous Veins
4. Intercostal Veins
5. Caudal/Inferior Vena Cava |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
1. Retina
2. Choroid Coat
3. Sclerotic Coat/Sclera |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
1. Renal Cortex
2. Renal Pyramid
3. Renal Medulla |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
3. Renal Vein
4. Adrenal Gland |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Inside of ovary containing follicles |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
1. Corpus Spongiosum penis
2. Penis
3. Retractor Muscle of Penis
4. Bulbourethral Gland
5. Urethra |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A. Brachiocephalic Trunk
B. Left Subclavian Artery
C. Aorta
D. Caudal Vena Cava
E. Cranial Vena Cava |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A. Coronary Artery
B. Coronary Vein
C. Left Azygous Vein
D. Aorta |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
1. Intercostal Vein
2. Intercostal Artery |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A. Cranial Mesenteric Artery
B. Renal Vein
C. Renal Artery
D. Ureter
E. Urinary Bladder |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A. External Iliac Artery
B. Internal Iliac Artery
C. Internal Iliac Vein
D. External Iliac Vein |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A. Caudal Vena Cava
B. Aorta
C. Descending Colon |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A. Ovaries
B. Horn of Uterus
C. Uterus
D. Vagina |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A. Testes
B. Epididymis
C. Gubernaculum
D. Penis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A. Seminal Vesicle
B. Prostate
C. Bulbouretheral Gland |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A. Urethra
B. Urinary Bladder
C. Umbilical Artery |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
1. Seminiferous Tubules
2. Flagella of sperm
3. Interstitial Cells
4. Spermatocytes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
1. Spermatid Transforming
2. Spermatid
3. Secondary Spermatocyte
4. Primary Spermatocyte |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
1. Spermatozoan
2. Secondary Spermatocyte (Meiosis II)
3. Primary Spermatocyte (Meiosis I)
4. Spermatogonium |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
1. Umbilical Artery
2. Urinary Bladder
3. Prostate |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
1. Ureter
2. Vas Deferens
3. Seminal Vesicle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
1. Horn of Uterus
2. Body of Uterus
3. Interdigitating Folds |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
1. Internal Jugular Vein
2. External Jugular Vein
3. Subclavian Vein
4. Left Brachiocephalic Vein |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Retractor Muscles of the penis |
|
Definition
| Term: Muscles of the penis that retract it into the body. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Distal end of the penis. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Column of spongy, vascular tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Spongy, vascular tissue that fills with blood to make the penis erect. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Small, egg-storing nodule-like structures just caudal to the kidneys. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Convoluted duct in the free edge of broad ligament of ovary. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Fallopian tube; Small tube derived from the uterine horn. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Y-shaped organ where the embryo develops in human. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Urogenital canal which leads to the body surface; where vagina unites with the urethra. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Surrounding skin folds of the outside of the vagina. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Surrounding skin folds of vagina and urogenital opening. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Terminal part of the digestive tract. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Small protuberance on the ventral surface of the vaginal vestibule near the genital papilla. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Neck of the uterus containing interdigitating folds. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Smooth part of the passage between the cervix and vaginal vestibule. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What is meant by autosomal? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: In genetics, what does it mean to be a carrier? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Thin-walled vascular cavity that surrounds the fetus for protection. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Fluid that fills the amnion for protection. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Organ composed primarily of seminiferous tubules that produce sperm. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: These structures make up the testis and produce sperm. |
|
|
Term
| Spermatogonium -> Primary Spermatocytes -> Secondary spermatocytes -> Spermatids -> Spermatozoon |
|
Definition
| Describe the formation of sperm, starting at spermatogonium. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Large, supportive (nutrition- wise) cells that form the supporting framework of the seminferous tubule wall. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| How long is the cycle of spermatogenesis in humans? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| How many spermatozoa are produced per ejaculation? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Cells that produce testosterone that lie between seminiferous tubules. |
|
|
Term
| Responsible for the enlargement of reproductive passes and glands and secondary sex characteristics in males and male sexual behavior. |
|
Definition
| What is the function of testosterone? |
|
|
Term
| Development of seminiferous tubules and Sertoli Cells |
|
Definition
| What is the function of FSH in men? |
|
|
Term
| Needed by the interstitial cells to produce testosterone. |
|
Definition
| What is the function of LH in men? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| True/False: Spermatogenesis is seasonal in some animals but continuous in others. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Shriveled up, temporary endocrine gland. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| True/False: The oogonia stop dividing at birth and end with numbers of 200,000-500,000 per ovary. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Process of follicles enlarging and eggs maturing and discharging from the ovary. |
|
|
Term
| Term: Beginning of periods in women. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Process of uterine lining undergoing changes for reception of fertilized egg (sloughed off if not fertilized). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Beginning follicle containing a primary oocyte. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Second stage; maturing primordial follicle. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Follicle once it enlarges and becomes oval-shaped. |
|
|
Term
| Tertiary, Graafian Follicle |
|
Definition
| Term: Mature follicle in which the primary oocyte matures. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Process in which liquid and increased pressure causes the follicle and ovary surface to rupture. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Shriveled-up follicle after ovulation. |
|
|
Term
| Enlargement of the uterus and female secondary sex characteristics |
|
Definition
| What is the function of estrogen? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: What is the function of FSH in women? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Primary hormone produced by corpus luteum. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What is the function of LH in women? |
|
|
Term
Left subclavian Vein
Internal Jugular Vein
Exernal Jugular Vein |
|
Definition
| The left brachiocephalic vein gives rise to what three veins? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Artery that leads to stomach. |
|
|
Term
| Leydig (interstitial) cells |
|
Definition
| Where is testosterone made? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Will the corpus luteum disintegrate or remain if an egg is fertilized? |
|
|
Term
Sympathetic Trunk
Sympathetic Ganglia |
|
Definition
| What is the cord next to the vertebral column called? What are the bumps on it called? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Ganglia are found in this type of neuron. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Why does white matter appear white? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: All senses except smell go here for processing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Smell goes here for processing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: First cranial nerve. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Second cranial nerve. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Point where optic nerves cross each other to make an X. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Term: Tenth cranial nerve. |
|
|
