Term
| (04-15) In a lung volume and pressure, what is delta P at the beginning of inspiration? (Vander 13.13) |
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Definition
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Term
| (04-15) What is the equation for delta P? |
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Definition
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Term
| (04-15) In a lung volume and pressure, what is Pip at the beginning of inspiration? (Vander 13.13) |
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Definition
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Term
| (04-15) In a lung volume and pressure, what is the transpulmonary pressure at the beginning of inspiration? (Vander 13.13) |
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Definition
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Term
| (04-15) In a lung volume and pressure, what is delta P in mid inspiration? (Vander 13.13) |
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Definition
| delta P = (-1) - 0 = -1; Air is moving in. |
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Term
| (04-15) In a lung volume and pressure, what is Pip in mid-inspiration? (Vander 13.13) |
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Definition
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Term
| (04-15) In a lung volume and pressure, what is transpulmonary pressure in mid inspiration? (Vander 13.13) |
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Definition
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Term
| (04-15) In a lung volume and pressure, what is delta P at the end of inspiration? (Vander 13.13) |
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Definition
| delta P = 0 - 0 = 0; No airflow |
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Term
| (04-15) In a lung volume and pressure, what is Pip at the end of inspiration? (Vander 13.13) |
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Definition
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Term
| (04-15) In a lung volume and pressure, what is the transpulmonary pressure at the end of inspiration? (Vander 13.13) |
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Definition
| Transp = 0 - (-7) = +7; This is the point of the highest tension |
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Term
| (04-15) In a lung volume and pressure, what is delta P at mid-expiration? (Vander 13.13) |
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Definition
| delta P = 1 - 0 = 1; Airflow is going out |
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Term
| (04-15) In a lung volume and pressure, what is Pip at mid-expiration? (Vander 13.13) |
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Definition
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Term
| (04-15) In a lung volume and pressure, what is the transpulmonary pressure at mid-expiration? (Vander 13.13) |
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Definition
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Term
| (04-15) What is pneumothorax? What is its consequence? |
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Definition
| A puncture of the pleural sac, causing it to equilibrate with air. It results in a collapsed lung. |
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Term
| (04-15) How is pneumothorax treated? |
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Definition
| 1) close the outer wound so air can't get into the chest cavity 2) release air trapped in chest cavity 3) seal hole in actual lung |
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Term
| (04-15) Define lung compliance. Why is it important? |
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Definition
| the "stretchiness" of alveoli. this determines how much they respond to pressure difference. |
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Term
| (04-15) Give the formula for lung compliance |
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Definition
| compliance = (delta V) / (delta P); "How much change in volume for a given change in pressure" |
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Term
| (04-15) Between a basketball, a balloon, and a plastic bag, which is the most compliant? What disease does this imitate? |
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Definition
| The plastic bag; similar to emphyzema |
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Term
| (04-15) Between a basketball, a balloon, and a plastic bag, which requires more pressure to get the same volume change? |
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Definition
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Term
| (04-15) Between a basketball, a balloon, and a plastic bag, which is the "stiff" lung? |
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Definition
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Term
| (04-15) Between a basketball, a balloon, and a plastic bag, which is a "loose lung" |
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Definition
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Term
| (04-15) Between a basketball, a balloon, and a plastic bag, which would likely have fibrosis or scarring? |
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Definition
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Term
| (04-15) What does compliance depend on? Which is primary? |
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Definition
| Material properties of the lung, surface tension (primary) |
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Term
| (04-15) Why don't our lungs collapse? |
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Definition
| Intrapleural pressure is negative; lung surfactant secreted by Type II cells reduces surface tension |
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Term
| (04-15) What is the cause of infant respiratory distress syndrome? |
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Definition
| a deficiency in lung surfactant |
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Term
| (04-15) What are the treatments for infant respiratory distress syndrome? |
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Definition
| Cow surfactant used to suplement deficiency; positive-pressure ventilation |
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Term
| (04-15) What is spirometry? |
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Definition
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Term
| (04-15) What is the tidal volume of the lungs? (VT) |
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Definition
| Appproximately 500 mL of each breath in and out |
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Term
| (04-15) What is the expiratory reserve volume? (ERV) |
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Definition
| Maximal exhalation after the tidal volume |
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Term
| (04-15) What is inspiratory reserve volume? (IRV) |
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Definition
| the maximal inspiration after tidal volume |
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Term
| (04-15) What is the vital capacity of the lungs? (VT) What is the formula? |
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Definition
| The combination of tidal volume, expiratory reserve volume, and inspiratory reserve volume; VT = Vt + IRV + ERV |
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Term
| (04-15) What is residual volume in the lungs? |
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Definition
| The air left in lungs after maximal expiratory reserve volume |
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Term
| (04-15) What does a vitalograph show? Which factor is on the y-axis/x-axis? |
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Definition
| a measure of exhaled volume in liters (y-axis) vs. time in seconds 9x-axis) |
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Term
| (04-15) On a vitalograph, what is an FVC? |
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Definition
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Term
| (04-15) On a vitalograph, what is FEV1? What is it a measure of? |
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Definition
| The amount of air blown off in 1 second. This is a measurement of resistance. |
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Term
| (04-15) From a vitalograph, what is the useful formula to discover disease? |
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Definition
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Term
| (04-15) What are the three main obstructive respiratory diseases? |
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Definition
| Asthma (bronchial smooth muscle spasms); bronchitis (excessive mucus production); Cystic fibrosis |
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