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ZOO 3115; Dr. Cherrington, GIT (05-01)
Study material for UW ZOO 3115, Exam 3
31
Physiology
Undergraduate 3
05/04/2015

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Cards

Term
(05-01) How many layers are in the GIT wall? What are they?
Definition
Four: mucusa, submucosa, muscularis, serosa
Term
(05-01) What is the GIT lumen?
Definition
The space in the GIT through which food moves
Term
(05-01) What type of tissue is the serosa?
Definition
Connective tissue
Term
(05-01) What are the layers of the mucosa?
Definition
Mucous membrane, lamina propia, muscularis mucosa
Term
(05-01) Where are goblet cells in the GIT wall?
Definition
On the mucosa’ mucous membrane
Term
(05-01) What does the lamina propria do?
Definition
It has lymph, blood, nerves, connective tissue, and Peyer’s patches, all of which helps with immunity
Term
(05-01) What are Peyer’s patches? Where are they found?
Definition
Organized lymphoid tissue within the lamina propria. Found prticularly in the ileum
Term
(05-01) What are M-cells? Where are the found/what are they near?
Definition
“Microfold” cells that sample luminal contents and present to Peyer’s patches. They’re found only in the mucosa above Peyer’s patches.
Term
(05-01) What are the two important cells of the lumina propria?
Definition
Peyer’s patches and M-cells
Term
(05-01) Why are M-cells tasty for pathogens?
Definition
Because M-cells provide a path from the outside to the inside, e.g. Shigella
Term
(05-01) Why are M-cells useful for vaccines?
Definition
M-cells can directly present oral vaccines to the immune system.
Term
(05-01) What shapes do you find in the muscularis mucosa?
Definition
Longitudinal and circular muscles that create folds
Term
(05-01) What is the submucosa made of? Why?
Definition
Connective tissue; it’s stretchy, so it allows the GIT to accommodate a big bolus of food.
Term
(05-01) What is in the submucosal plexus?
Definition
Nerves that control secretion in the GIT
Term
(05-01) What are the two layers of the muscularis externa?
Definition
Inner circular and outer longitudinal
Term
(05-01) What is the muscularis externa good for?
Definition
Gut motility
Term
(05-01) What drives the inner circular layer of the muscularis?
Definition
ANS: spontaneous contraction
Term
(05-01) What drives the outer longitudinal layer of the muscularis?
Definition
Neural input
Term
(05-01) What does the serosa do?
Definition
Provides support within the body cavity
Term
(05-01) What is the serosa made of?
Definition
The inner layer is connective tissue and the outer layer is epithelial tissue
Term
(05-01) What four things are found in saliva? What do they do?
Definition
Mucin (lubrication); amylase (carbohydrate digestion); muramidase (attack bacterial cell walls); and lactoferrin (binds iron, preventing biofilm formation
Term
(05-01) If you have cystic fibrosis, what chemical is missing in saliva?
Definition
Lactoferrin
Term
(05-01) What is the chemical in colostrum that is so important to give babies?
Definition
Lactoferrin
Term
(05-01) What are the pharynx and exophagus good for?
Definition
Transportation from the mouth to the stomach
Term
(05-01) What type(s) of digestion takes place in the stomach?
Definition
Mechanical digestion and chemical digestion
Term
(05-01) What are the three areas of the stomach?
Definition
Fundus, body, antrum
Term
(05-01) What is the function of the antrum?
Definition
Moves food to the small intestine
Term
(05-01) If you eat a gigantic meal, what part of the stomach expands? How much can it expand?
Definition
Fundus; it can expand 20X
Term
(05-01) Define chyme.
Definition
Gastric juice plus food
Term
(05-01) What cells are found in gastric pits?
Definition
Parietal cells (make HCl and Intrinsic factor), G cells (make gastrin, which activates parietal cells), neck cells (mucous), and chief cells (make pepsinogen)
Term
(05-01) What are the main chemicals in gastric juices? Which cells make what?
Definition
Mucin (neck cells), pepsinogen (chief cells), HCl (parietal cells), IF (parietal cells), and gastrin (G cells)
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