Term
| What organism is responsible for causing condyloma latum? |
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Definition
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Term
| What organism is responsible for causing condyloma acuminatum? |
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Definition
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Term
| What part of the female genitalia is HSV-2 most likely to infect? |
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Definition
| vulva (external genitalia) |
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Term
| What percentage of genital herpes does HSV-2 account for? |
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Definition
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Term
| What histologic finding is suggestive of of HSV-2? |
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Definition
| multinucleated giant cells |
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Term
| What organism is generally given credit for causing purulent vaginal discharge with cervical mucosa described as "strawberry cervix"? |
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Definition
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Term
| What organism is the second most common cause of vaginitis? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most common cause of bacterial vaginosis? |
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Definition
| Gardnerella <-- commonly causes thin, homogenous and malodorous vaginal discharge |
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Term
| What histolotic finding is suggestive of Gardnerella vaginosis? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the caustive agent of syphilis? |
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Definition
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Term
| Syphilis infections are positive for what serology test? |
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Definition
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Term
| Within how many weeks does the primary sphylitic lesion resolve? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many patients develop secondary lesions of syphilis if they don't seek treatment? |
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Definition
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Term
| What organism is the causative agent for a chancroid? |
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Definition
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Term
| What toxin secreted by H. ducreyi is responsible for necrosis? |
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Definition
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Term
| What receptors are up-regulated with H. ducreyi infection? |
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Definition
| CCR5 and CXCR4, increases risk for contracting HIV |
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Term
| What organism causes granuloma inguinale? |
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Definition
| Calymmatobacterium granulomatis (gram-negative rod) |
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Term
| What "bodies" are characteristic for granuloa inguinale? |
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Definition
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Term
| Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) and chlamydial cervicitis are both caused by what organism? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most common STD? |
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Definition
| Chlamydia trachomatis <-- disease is most often asymptomatic |
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Term
| What is the infectious form of Chlamydia trachomats? |
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Definition
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Term
| Condyloma acuminatum is caused by what strains of human herpes virus? |
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Definition
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Term
| What histologic finding is characteristic of HPV? |
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Definition
| koilocytes (perinuclear vacuolization) |
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Term
| What age group is most likely to have Bartholin gland cyst/abscess? |
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Definition
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Term
| What age group is most likely to develop urethral caruncles? |
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Definition
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Term
| What positive tests should be evident with melanoma? |
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Definition
HMB-45 - found only in neural cells and melanoma
Vimentin - found only in mesothelial and primitive cells
S-100 - found only in neural and melanoma cells |
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Term
| What cancerous cells have the CK7/CK20 marker? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the female equivalent of Balanitis xerotica obliterans which presents with vulvar skin that is pale gray and parchment like? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is characteristic of leukoplakia? |
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Definition
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Term
| Fibroadenoma is the most common breast tumor in what age group of women? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is true of the malignancy of a fibroadenoma? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most common benign tumor of the vulva? |
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Definition
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Term
| Vaginal dysplasia with excess inflammation is called what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most common malignancy of the vulva? |
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Definition
| epidermoid carcinoma (squamous cell carcinoma) |
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Term
| What type of involvement is found in patients with epidermoid carcinoma? |
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Definition
| 60% of patients present with lymph node involvement |
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Term
| When extra-mammary Paget's disease is evident with perianal involvement what is the underlying cause in 25-35% cases? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the second most common vulvar malignancy? |
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Definition
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Term
| An embryonic remnant of the Wolffian ducts is called what? |
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Definition
| Gartner's duct cyst (presents between the lateral wall of the vagina and broad ligament of the uterus) |
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Term
| Failure of a fetus to develop a uterus, Mullerian agenesis, is also called? |
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Definition
| Rokitanksy-Kuster-Hauser syndrome |
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Term
| What embryoligic anomaly is the second most common cause of amenorrhea? |
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Definition
| RKH syndrome (Mullerian agenesis) |
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Term
| What's the most commonly found cyst within the vagina? |
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Definition
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Term
| T or F: Gartner's duct cysts usually persist throughout adulthood. |
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Definition
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Term
| Uterine prolapse, cystocele, urethrocele, enterocele, and rectocele are all umbrelled under what disorder category? |
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Definition
| pelvic relaxation disorders |
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Term
| What tumor has the following characteristics: it is a rare tumor of the vagina, may be confused with sarcoma, and occurs in young women under 30 |
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Definition
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Term
| Most malignant tumors of the vagina have what origin? |
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Definition
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Term
| Cervical squamous cell carcinomas are most commonly associated with what infections agent? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is another name for sarcoma botryoides? |
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Definition
| embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS) |
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Term
| What age group is most commonly affected by rhabdomyosarcomas? |
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Definition
| 3-12 (grape-like clusters) |
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Term
| What is the primary treatment for ERMS? |
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Definition
| surgery plus chemotherapy |
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Term
| What tumor is commonly found in women exposed to DES? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of cancer of the vagina is found in the daughters of women who were exposed to DES during their pregnancy? |
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Definition
| adenocarcinoma (aka vaginal clear cell carcinoma), which is rare |
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Term
| VIN accounts for what percentage of malignant neoplasms occuring w/in the female genital tract? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What is a nabothian cyst? |
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Definition
| a retention cyst of the uterus |
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Term
| What cancer accounts for 11% of all carcinomas of women? |
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Definition
| Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) |
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Term
| What percentage of the female population becomes chronically infected with HPV? |
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Definition
| 10% (90% of the women clear the infection) |
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Term
| The recently released HPV vaccine is effective at preventing disease against which strains of HPV? |
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Definition
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Term
| What behavior doubles the risk of CIN? |
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Definition
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Term
| Most cervical carcinomas arise from what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most common cancer of the female genitalia worldwide? |
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Definition
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Term
Describe the stages of FIGO for CIN:
Stage 0
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
Stage 4 |
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Definition
0 - carcinoma in situ
I - confined to cervix
II - spread to uterus but not to pelvic sidewall or lower 1/3 of vagina
III - spread to pelvic sidewall, kidney (or causing hydronephrosis), and/or to lower 1/3 of vagina
IV - spread beyond true pelvis (or into bladder/rectum) |
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Term
| What is the maturation index? |
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Definition
| the number of parabasal cells to intermediate cells to superficial cells of the endometrium |
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Term
| What is the maturation index a reflection of? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the maturation index for the following periods: brith, childhood, reproductive years, post-menipausal, pregnancy |
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Definition
birth - o/95/5
childhood - 0/100/0
reproductive years 0/40-70/60-30
postmenopausal - 0/100/0 to 100/0/0
pregnancy - 0/95/5 |
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Term
| Paraphrase, give me the skinny without all the specifics on the maturation index. |
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Definition
| parabasal cells (the first number) is abnormal above zero, Superficial cells above 60 is abnormal. |
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Term
| What part of the vagina is most responsive to hormonal changes? What is the significance? |
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Definition
| lateral wall <-- samples are taken from this portion to determine estrogen effect |
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Term
| what stage of the ovarian cycle is characterized by straight and narrow glands? |
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Definition
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Term
| What stage of the ovarian cycle is characterized by long, curving glands with columnar epithelium? |
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Definition
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Term
| What stage of the ovarian cycle is characterized by twisted, tortous glands? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which stage of the ovarian cycle is characterized by sub-nuclear vacuoles with uniformly aligned nuclei? |
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Definition
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Term
| How is the middle secretory phase characterized? |
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Definition
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Term
| What stage of the ovarian cycle is characterized by the follow: tissue regeneration, exhausted glands, decidualized stroma w/ fragmentation, thrombi in vessels and stroma? |
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Definition
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Term
| This blood-containing cyst results from ovarian endometriosis with hemorrhage. |
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Definition
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Term
| 50% of ovarian carcinomas are what? |
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Definition
| serous cystadenocarcinoma |
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Term
| Most ovarian tumors occur in women younger than 20 are due to what? |
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Definition
| tumors of germ cell origin |
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Term
| Which tumor demonstrates an increased alpha-fetoprotein? |
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Definition
| endodermal sinus tumor (yolk sac) |
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Term
| What is another name for a teratoma? |
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Definition
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Term
| What tumor is the most frequent benign ovarian tumor? |
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Definition
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