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| "B. Spanning tree protocol" |
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| " d. show mac filter table """ |
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| "c. show mac address-table" |
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| Transmission method in which data being transmitted and received by nodes does not have to conform to any timing scheme. In asynchronous communications, a node can transmit at any time and the destination node must accept the transmission as it comes. |
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| The microsoft adaptation of the IBM NetBIOS protocol. NetBEUI expands on NetBIOS by ading a Transport layer comonent. NetBEUI is a fast and efficient protocol that consumes few network resources, provides excellent error correction, and requires little configuration. |
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| The standard connector used with shielded twisted-pair and untwisted pair cabling. |
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| A peripheral bus standard developed by Apple computer. Traditional Firewire connections support a maximum throughtput of 400 Mbps but a newer version supports potential throughput rates of over 3 Gbps. In addition to connecting peripherals, firewire can be used to network computers directly in a bus fashion. |
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| A multiport device that operates at layer 3. Uses logical addressing information to direct data between networks or segments. Can connect dissimilar LAN's and WAN's running at different transmission speeds and using a variety of Network layer protocols. They determine the best path between nodes based on traffic congestion, available versus unavailable routes, load balancing targets, and other factors. |
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| Device used on a wireless LAN's that transmits and receives wireless signals to and from multiple nodes and retransmits them to the rest of the network segment. Access points can connect a group of nodes with a network or two networks with each other They may use directional or omni-directional antennas. |
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| UTP (unshielded twisted pair) |
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| A type of cabling that consists of one or more insulated wire pairs encased in a plastic sheath. As its name implies, UTP does not contain additional shielding for the twisted pair. As a result, UTP is both less expensive and less resistant to noise than STP. |
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| Cable that contains one or several glass or plastic fibers in its core. Data is transmitted via pulsing light sent from a laser or LED through the central fiber. Fiber optic cables offer significantly higher throughput than copper based cables. They may be single mode or multtimode and typically use wave division multiplexing to carry multiple signals. |
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| A type of cable that consists of a central copper core surrounded by an insulator, a braided metal shielding, called braiding, and an outer cover, called the sheath or jacket. Coaxial cable was the foundation for ethernet networks in the 80's and remaind a popular transmission medium for many years. |
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| STP (shielded twisted-pair) |
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| A type of cable containing twisted-wire pairs that are not only individually insulted, but also surrounded by a shielding made of a metalic substance such as foil. |
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| FHSS (frequency hopping spread spectrum) |
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| wireless signaling technique in which a signal jumps between several different frequencies within a band in a synchronization pattern know to the channel's receiver and transmitter. |
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| networking technology originally developed at Xerox in the 70's and improved by Digial Equipment Corp, Intel and Xerox. Ethernet is the most common form of network transmission technology and follows IEEE 802.3 standard. |
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| CSMA/CA (Carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance) |
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| Network access method used on 802.11 wireless networks. In CSMA/CA, before a node begins to send data it checks the medium. If it detects no transmission activity, it waits a brief, random amount of time, and then sends its transmission. If the node does detect activity, it wais a brief priod of time before checking the channel again. Does not eliminate but minimizes the potential for collisions. |
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| Networking technology developed by IBM in the 80's. It relies upon direct links betwen nodes and a ring topology, using tokens to allow nodes to transmit data. |
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| Device used to regenrate a signal. |
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| NIC (network interface card) |
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| The device that enable a workstation to connect to the network and communicate with other computers. NIC's are manufactured by several different companies and come with a variety of specifications that are tailored to the workstations and the networks requirements. NICs are also called network adapters. |
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| DSSS (direct sequence spread spectrum) |
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| A transmission technique in which a signals bits are distributed over an entire frequency band at once. Each bit is coded so that the receiver can reassemble the original signal upon receiving the bits. |
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| Combination of networking hardware and software that connects two dissimilar kinds of networks. Gateways perform connectivity, session management, and data translation, so they must operate at multiple layers of the OSI model |
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| The capability for a component or system to continue functioning despite damage or malfunction. |
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| EMI (electromagnetic interface) |
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| Type of interference that may be caused by motors, power lines, tv, copiers, fluorescent lights or other sources of electrical activity. |
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| Single cable connecting all devices in a bus topology. type of circuit used by a computers motherboard to transmit data to components. As the number of bits of data a bus handles increases so too does the speed of the device attached to the bus. |
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| Physical topology in which every node on the network is connected through a central device, such as a hub. Any single physical wire on a star network connects only two devices, so a cabling problem will affect only 2 nodes. Nodes transmit data to the hub, which then retransmitsthe data to the rest of the network segment where the destination node can pick it up. |
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| Network layout in which each node is connected to the 2 nearest nodes so that the entire network forms a circle. Data is transmitted unidirectionally around the ring. Each workstation accepts and responds to the packets addressed to it, then forwards the other packets to the next workstation in the ring. |
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| Type of WAN in which several sites are directly interconnected. Mesh are highly fault tolerant because they provide multiple routes for data to follow between any 2 points. |
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| SC Connector (standard connector) |
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| connector used with single mode or multimode fiber optic cable |
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| Device that boosts or strengthens an analog signal. |
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| Network management applications regular collection of data from managed devices. |
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| UDP (user datagram protocol) |
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| core protocol in the TCP/IP suite that sits in the Transport layer of the OSI. UDP is connectionless transport service. |
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| TCP (transmission control protocol) |
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| Core protocol of the TCP/IP suite. TCP belongs to the transport layer and provides reliable data delivery services. |
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| FTP (file transfer protocol) |
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| application layer protocol used to send and receive files via TCP/IP |
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| TCP/IP troubleshooting utility that provides information about NetBIOS names and their addresses. If you know the NetBIOS name of a network station, you can use nbstat to determine its IP address. |
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| A TCP/IP troubleshooting utility that displays statistics and the state of current TCP/IP connections. It also displays ports, which can signal whether services are using the correct ports. |
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| HTTP (hypertext transfer protocol) |
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| Application layer protocol that formulates and interprets requests between Web clients and servers. |
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| Protocol suite used to interconnect Mac computers. Although Appletalk was originally designed to support peer-to -peer networking among Macs, it can now be routed between network segments and integrated with Netware or Microsoft based networks. |
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| DHCP (dynamic host configuration protocol) |
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| Application layer protocol in the TCP/IP suite that manages the dynamic distribution of IP addresses on a network. Using DHCP to assing IP addresses can nearly eliminate duplicate addressing problems. |
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| 12 character string that uniquely identifies a network node. The manufacturer hard codes the MAC address into the NIC. This address is composed of the Block ID and Device ID. |
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| unique identifying number for a network node that follows a hierarchial addressing scheme and can be assigned through operating system software. Network addresses are added to data packets and interpreted by protocols at the Network layer of the OSI model. |
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| ISO (international organization for standardization) |
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| collection of standards organizations representing 146 countries with headquarters located in Geneva, Switzerland. Its goal is to establish international technological standards to facilitate the global exchange of information and barrier free trade. |
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| PPP (point to point protocol) |
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| communications protocol that enables a workstation to connect to a server using a serial connection. PPP can support multiple network layer protocols and can use both asynchronous and synchronous communications. It performs compression and error correction and requires little configuration on the client workstations. |
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| Slip (serial line internet protocol) |
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communications protocol that enables a workstation to connect to a server using a serial connection. SLIP can support only asynchronous comunications and IP traffic and requires some configuration on the client workstation.
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| IPX (internet packet exchange) |
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| core protocol of the IPX/SPX suite that |
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| Raid 0 Raid 1 Raid 2 Raid 5 Raid 1+0 |
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| The standard connector used with unshielded twisted-pair cabling usually CAT 3 or level 1 to connect analog telephones. |
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