Term
The vocaltract was not originally intended for
________________. |
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Definition
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Term
| The lungs can provide up to __ seconds of quality speech on a single exhalation. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the Primary Function of the human repiratory system? |
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Definition
| To aerate blood - provide oxygen and remove carbon dioxide via pulmonary ventilation. |
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Term
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Definition
| The upper chest cavity; it houses the repiratory system |
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Term
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Definition
| the lower chest cavity/"stomach area"; it houses the digestive system. |
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Term
| The size of the thorax and the abdomen are ___________ related. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Air goes into the lugs the same way that it comes out.
The breathing mechanism for mammals. |
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Term
| An average human breathes about __ time per minute. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Cone shaped; spongy; elastic; consists of millions of tiny air sacs. |
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Term
| The air sacs of the lungs feed into tubes called ___________ which in turn feed into larger tubes caled __________ which finally feed into the musculo-cartilaginous tube called the ___________. |
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Definition
Bronchioles
Bronchi
Trachea |
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Term
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Definition
| The part of the respiratory system that includes the trachea, bronchi and bronchioles. |
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Term
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Definition
| The tiny end ducts of the branching airways that fill the lungs. |
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Term
| Alveoli participate in the exchange of ________ and ______. (air) |
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Definition
| oxygen and carbon dioxide |
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Term
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Definition
The substance inside the alveoli/alveolar ducts which keeps the alveoli inflated by lowering the surface tension of the walls.
Often lacking in premature infants contributing to serious repiratory problems. |
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Term
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Definition
| The chamber of the human body that is bounded by the vertebral (spinal) column and the ribs and the sternum (brestbone). |
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Term
| There are __ pairs of true ribs |
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Definition
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Term
| There are ___ pairs of false ribs. |
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Definition
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Term
| There are ___ pairs of floating ribs. |
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Definition
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Term
| Major Muscles of Inhalation |
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Definition
Diaphragm (vertical dimension)
External intercostals (anterior, posterior, and lateral dimensions) |
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Term
| Major Muscles of Exhalation |
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Definition
Abdominal muscles (vertical dimension)
Internal Intercotals (anterior, posterior, and lateral diensions) |
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Term
| One Cycle of Quiet Breathing |
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Definition
40% Inhalation
60% Exhalation |
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Term
| One Cycle of Speech Breathing |
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Definition
10% Inhalation
90% Exhalation |
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Term
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Definition
| At any given temperature the volume of gas varies in inverse proportion to the pressure exerted on it. |
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Term
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Definition
A force of breathing is always present.
the natural recoil of muscles, cartilages, ligaments and lung tissue
The surface tension of alveoli
The pull of gravity
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Term
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Definition
A force applied willfully and in accordance with ability.
Comes from the actions of the muscles of the chest wall.
The more air in the apparatus, the greater the active force that can be generated to expire.
The more air in the apparatue, the greater the active force that can be generated to inspire.
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Term
| Tidal Volume (TV)(resting) |
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Definition
| The volume of air breathed in and out during a cycle of respiration. |
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Term
| Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IVR) |
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Definition
| The amount of air that can be inhaled above the tidal volume. |
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Term
| Expiratory Reserve Volume (EVR) |
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Definition
| The amount of air that can be exhaled below tidal volume. |
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Term
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Definition
| The volume of air remaining in the lungs after a maximum exhalation that cannot be voluntary expelled. |
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Term
| Total Lung Capacity (TLC) |
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Definition
| The total amount of air that the lungs are capable of holding. |
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Term
| Inspiratory Capacity (IC) |
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Definition
The maximum volume of air that can be inspired after reaching the end of a normal quiet expiration.
The sum of the tidal volume and the inspiratory reserve volume. |
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Term
| Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) |
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Definition
| The amount of air still in the lungs an airways at the end of a normal quiet exhalation. |
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Term
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Definition
| The maximum amount of air that can be exhaled after a maximum inhalation. |
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Term
| Resting Expiratory Level (REL) |
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Definition
| The state of equilibrium in the respiratory system when P equals P. |
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Term
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Definition
| An instrument that measures lung volumes; can be wet or dry. |
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Term
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Definition
Hollow tube about 11 cm long and about an inch in diameter
16-20 rings of cartildge with smooth muscle between the rings. |
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Term
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Definition
Organ at the top of the Trachea and below the Pharynx used for phonation.
Contains the vocal cords.
Called the voice box/Adams Apple |
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Term
| Larynx - Biological Function |
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Definition
| A valve that keeps unwanted material out of the lungs. |
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Term
| Larynx - Communication Function |
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Definition
| A source of vibration for speech. |
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Term
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Definition
| a horseshoe shaped bone situated in the anterior midline of the neck between the chin and the thyroid cartilage. |
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Term
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Definition
| two small conical nodules consisting of yellow elastic cartilage, which are on the tips of the arytenoid cartilages. |
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Term
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Definition
| A flap of elastic cartiladge that covers the airway when it is being used for something other than breathing or speaking. |
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Term
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Definition
| the cartilage structure in and around the trachea that contains the larynx. |
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Term
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Definition
| a pair of small three-sided pyramids which form part of the larynx, to which the vocal cords are attached. |
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Term
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Definition
| the only complete ring of cartilage around the trachea. |
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Term
| The False/Ventricular Folds |
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Definition
Are located above the true vocal folds.
Have limited movement.
Are not involved in the production of normal voice.
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Term
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Definition
The space between the true vocal folds and the false/ventricular folds.
Contains glands that secrete mucus to keep everything moist. |
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Term
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Definition
Come together, as in the vocal folds.
Approximated |
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Term
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Definition
Separated, as in the vocal folds
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Term
| Average Fundamental Frequency for Men |
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Definition
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Term
| Average Fundamental Frequency for Women |
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Definition
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Term
| Average Fundamental Frequency for Children |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The space between the true vocal folds. |
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Term
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Definition
| Complex signal made up of a fundamental frequency and harmonics. |
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Term
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Definition
| Whole number multiples of the fundamental frequency. |
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Term
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Definition
| The graph that displays the spectrum of the glottal tone before it has been modified in the vocal tract. |
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Term
| Fundamental Frequency (Fsub0) |
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Definition
The lowest periodic component of a complex periodic wave.
The repetition rate of a complex periodic tone. |
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Term
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Definition
| A vibratory response to an applied force. |
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Term
| Factors that affect resonance |
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Definition
| Size, Shape, Mass, Stiffness |
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Term
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Definition
The area from the back of the tongue to the vocal folds.
Split into the Nasopharynx, Oropharynx and Larngopharynx. |
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Term
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Definition
| The shaping of the vocal tract for the production of speech. |
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Term
| What is the dual function of vocal articulators? |
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Definition
They alter the size and shape of the vocal tract tube resonator.
They create soun sources at locations above the vocal folds (except for [h]) |
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Term
| Movable/Active Articulators of Speech (6) |
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Definition
Lips
Mandible
Tongue
Soft Palate
Larynx
Pharynx |
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Term
| Immovable/Passive Articulators |
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Definition
Teeth
Alveolar Ridge/Hard Palate
Hard Palate |
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Term
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Definition
| The circular muscle surrounding both the upper and lower lips. |
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Term
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Definition
Body - the main bulk but not the edges
Tip/Apex
Blade - right behind the tip
Dorsum - back, the last bit you can see
Root - furthest back;basically in the neck |
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Term
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Definition
| The supple, muscular 1/3 of the roof of teh mouth that separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity when raised and in contact the posterior pharyngeal wall. |
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Term
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Definition
the bit that hangs down in the back of your throat off the of the soft palate
It has no known function... |
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Term
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Definition
The opening between the oropharynx and nasopharynx
This is closed when the soft palate is lifted during all vowel and consonant sounds, except for the nasals. |
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Term
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Definition
the cavity behind the nasal and oral cavities and upper larynx.
It connects all the other cavities.
Important for resonance. |
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Term
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Definition
| The muscle at the bottom of the pharynx that vibrates during esophageal speech. |
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Term
What supplies the power for speech? |
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Definition
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Term
What does the term lingua refer to? |
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Definition
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Term
How can you measure lung volumes and capacities? |
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Definition
| Spirometer – blow air in and displacement is drawn on a piece of paper. |
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