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| exploration of how gender affects individual lives and how it helps to construct individual identity |
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| biologically determined by XX and XY chromosomes. |
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socially constructed
system of social stratification and meaning which organizes human life. |
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| political movement committed to guaranteeing equal rights for women, eliminating oppression of women, and critiquing male domination. |
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deconstructs the notion that we are defined by biology
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| differences in chromosome formation or fetal differentiation that produces persons with mixed sexual anatomy:hermaphrodites. |
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| congenital adrenal hyperplasia |
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| Inherited condition that affects the adrenal glands producing a Ferm |
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| androgen insensitivity syndrome |
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| mutated androgen receptor gene producing a merm |
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| Act of performing gender gives us our identity, not part of who we are, but makes us who we are. |
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| transexuals, transvestites: conflict of being either male or female, sometimes associated with gender dysmorphia. |
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| having mixed reproductive organs |
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| gender role socialization |
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| society creates ideal traits and behaviors for both men and women. Learned behavior starts at birth and continues throughout our lives, is constantly in flux. |
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an oversimplified representation of members of a culture or social group based on limiten, often inaccurate, information.
provides basis for discrimination. |
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| products marketed to girls are predominately pink in color. encourages gender specific activities and limits childrens' realms of interest. |
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| set of behaviors and attitudes that men enact or perform to conform to fominant gender norms in order to gain social acceptance and access to power. |
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| still in creation: A way to present, perform, and liberate masculinity by encouraging the expression of emotions. |
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social catagory defined by cultural norms, not based on biological traits.
Socially and culturally constructed.
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| system of social structures and institutions that produces persistent, increasing race-based inequalities. |
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overlapping of identity positions of race, gender, ethnicity, class, sexuality, nationality, age, religion, disability.
creates dominant and subordinant groups |
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| social stratification based on economic means, related between labor, leisure, and consumption. |
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| abstract liberalism, naturalization, biologization of culturue, and minimization of racism: minorities are kept minorities by the dominant because they "do not try hard enough" but are faced with opposition when talking about discrimination. |
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| social identity defined by a persons attraction to and desire for people of a given sex, socially constructed in relation to gender, a binary between heterosexuality and homosexuality. |
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heterosexual: sexual attachment between people of the opposite sex. ( the norm)
Homosexual: sexual attachment between people of the same sex ( abnormal/subordinate)
Bisexual: sexual attraction to both men and women. |
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system for interpreting and disciplining bodily variation: way of describing the fundamental instability and impermanence of able-bodiedness.
socially constructed and distinct from impairment.
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| irrational fear of homosexuals that stems from the fear of being percieved as weak or not performing gender well enough. "polices" masculinity. |
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form of power that exerts itself through the assumed naturalness of heterosexuality.
heterosexual= the norm |
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discrimination in favor of the able-bodied.
the idea that people with disabilities are inferior to nondisbabled. |
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Americans with Disabilities Act : prohibits discrimination on the basis of disability
signed into law july 26, 1990 |
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Normal and abnormal
intersecting identities fall into one of these catagories. |
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sociopolitical umbrella term that refers to a range of sexual identites that are not "straight"
gay,lesbian,bisexual, transgendered
attempt to reclaim stigmatizing word
derogatory if used by a straight person |
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| "the personal is political" |
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coined by Katha Pollit
Our ability to control our personal lives is affected by our larger social environment. |
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| what are the three waves of feminism? |
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first wave- 19th century-early 20th
secured right to vote
political and social rights
second wave- 1960s-1980s
womens liberation movement
thirdwave- 1990s-present
reclaiming of feminism
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| declaration of sentiments |
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established at seneca falls convention in july 1848
18 injuries to women and attempt to correct them
women denied right to vote, participation, property, income, profession, higher education, and custody of children. |
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| combahee river collective statement |
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1977
Black, lesbian feminists who were "actively committed to struggling against racial, sexual, heterosexual and class oppression." |
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| 5 sexes according to anne fausto sterling? |
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female
male
hermaphrodite(herm)
male pseudo hermaphrodite(merm)
female pseudo hermaphrodite(ferm)
merms and ferms based off of internal sex organs. |
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| How does Gender vary across culture? |
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some cultures value one gender over another
(our god is a woman)- island off of africa where women make economic desicions, pick their mate, etc.
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olympic runner who is a merm. competes with females, stirred controversy as to whether she should be allowed to or not.
the decision will determine how hermaphrodites will be treated within gender specific events such as the olympics. |
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| says that men are forced to act a certain way: tough, strong, powerful, controlled. this masks the real male experience, forcing them to conform to the ideal male identities. |
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| "Hip Hop: Beyond Beats and Rhymes" |
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says that hip hop promotes the lifestyle of being hyper masculine, hyper violent, and men must conform to the idea of denigrating life, women, homosexuals, being strong and using guns.
Aimed towards the colored and middle class white men. |
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| "rumors, lies, and racist fantasies" |
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Slavoj Zizek
after katrina struck there was a lack of public order. this turned into reports of raping, looting, and violence, pinned mainly on the black community. there was no actual cases of any of this, but assumed due to negative media exposure. |
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| "the myth of the boy crisis" |
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Caryl Rivers
People said that boys learn differently from girls and giving them the same education is hindering boys abilities. Caryl says this is a myth and is not true.
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Amber Hollibaugh
talks about the struggle of being queer.
queers are often seen as having excess income, but homelessness and poverty also affect queers. |
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Hogeland
Fear of feminism is a fear of politics, or a fear of living in consequences. feminism is complex, and to some feminism has a negative connotation. |
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John Stoltenberg
There is no "male" and "female"
human nature does not warrant the division of male and female. we are too similar
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| "masculinity as Homophobia" |
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| "toward a theory of disability and gender" |
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Takagi
Intersects sexuality and asain heritage |
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| "age, race, class, and sex" |
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Lorde
talks about the oppression of Black and Third World people, working-class people, older people, and women. |
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| characterizes your personality as masculine, feminine, androgynous, or undifferentiated |
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| group of lesbian radical femanists |
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