Term
| What are the parts of a Grape? |
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Definition
Skins - Contains Tannins
Pulp - Made up of Water, Sugar and Acid |
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Term
| What is required for alcohol fermentation? |
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Definition
sugar + yeast
Produces alcohol and carbon dioxide |
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Term
| What is the maximum alcohol % level normally attainable in wine? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the range of ABV (Alcohol by volume) for wine? |
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Definition
11.5% - 15%
(Some as low as 8% and some up to 15.5%) |
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Term
| Why does sweeter wine often have lower alcohol? |
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Definition
| The yeast is burned up before all of the residual sugar is used. |
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Term
| What are the 3 phases of grape growing and how often is a crop produced? |
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Definition
-Flowering (each flower becomes a grape)
-Flowers become Grapes
-Grapes Ripen (Grapes swell with water, sugar levels rise, Acid levels fall)
White grapes will turn green to golden and Red Grapes will turn from green to purple
Single Annual crop |
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Term
| If a grape does not ripen what will the potential impact be on the wine? |
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Definition
| Low sugar will result in lower alcohol |
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Term
| If a grape is over ripe what will the result potentially be on the wine? |
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Definition
| Excess sugar will remain after fermentation and the wine will be overly sweet. |
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Term
| What are the two primary items measured to determine if a grape is ripe? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why do grapes predominately grow in locations with cool or cold winters? |
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Definition
Allows the vines to rest in preparation for the next growing season. |
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Term
| What are the characteristics of a cool climate growing region and the impact on the wine? |
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Definition
- Avg Temp is lower
- Less intense sunlight (but longer days)
-Farther from the equator.
-Grapes do not always ripen consistently
-Lower Sugar and Higher Acid
-Wine has a more earthy pallet (fresher) |
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Term
| What are some commonly know "cool climate" regions? |
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Definition
| Germany, Northern France, Canada, Southern Argentina |
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Term
| What are the characteristics of a warm climate region and it's impact on the wine? |
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Definition
Avg temp is higher, sunlight is more intense (but shorter in duration).
Grapes ripen consistently.
Closer to the Equator.
Higher Sugars, lower acidity
Riper Flavours (fruity) |
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Term
| What are some commonly know "warm climate" regions? |
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Definition
| Parts of Australia, California, Spain |
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