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| A country becomes dependent on the western countries to give them investment in terms of Aid |
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| The theory that less developed countries are poor because they allow themselves to be exploited by the developed countries through international trade and investment. |
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Modernisation is becoming like the west and adapting Western Values.
Rostow 1971 |
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| Trans National Coperation |
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| Newly Industrilised Countries |
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| Less Economically Developed Country |
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| Rich Industrailised Countryies. Eg. UK,USA |
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| Former Communist Countries.Eg. Russia, China |
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| Poorer Underdeveloped Countries |
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| Non-Govermental Organisation.Eg. Oxfam,Red Cross |
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| Accuring and Maintaining an Empire |
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| Control and domination of territories and people mainly in the developing world |
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| exploition of developing countries take domination of International trade |
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| Centre where Industry is based |
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| products extracted from the earth.EG.Diamonds, Gold, Vegetables |
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| Company across Nation Borders |
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| Gives out loans to countries |
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| International Monetary Fund |
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Great 8-
US, Japan, Germany, France, the UK, Italy, Canada and Russia
Its role is in the setting policy in the international financial system. |
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| Aid given from one Goverment to another |
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| Money given to organisations such as the World Bank to distribute |
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| Stages of Modernsation Theory |
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Stage 1- Primitive Society.eg.Amarindians-Amazon Rainforest
Stage 2- Pre-Conditions for Take off- Kenya,Bangladesh
Stage 3- Take Off-(industrialisation)- India,China
Stage 4- Drive to Matruity-Kenya
Stage 5- Age of mass consumption-US,UK |
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| Crits.against the Modernisation Theory |
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Only benefits a small no.of people
Has ecoloical limits
All Societies do not develop in the same way |
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| Idea that poor countries become like the developed world |
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| Idea that the poor Countries become like Europe |
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| Problems of the modernisation theory |
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Problem 1- Industrialisation- Poor working conditions, Lack of Health services,increase in pollution
Problem 2- 'development' leds to people being thrown off their land, enviromental damage, Child Labour |
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Believes in a traditional society-based on customs, ritiuals and practices based upon past experiences
-People are likely to be fatalistic(leave things to fate)
- believes in ascription(position ascribed at birth) Eg. the royal family-position ascribed at birth-to be future king.etc |
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Western cuntries should help socities to develop by:
Building factories in poor countries and create a trickle down affect. (wealth passed down) |
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| Poor countries should introduce a merotratic education system and foster western values |
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| Children of political elite shuld be educated at western universities and learn western norms and values |
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-mass media is very important, it can influence people
-Pours ideas like democracy |
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Andre Gunder Frank (1971)
Some countries are rich because other countries are poor
Established through Slavery and Colonialism |
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| In 1960 25 tonnes of rubber could have bought 4 tractors, today 25 tonnes of rubber cant even buy one |
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Stage 1
Merchant Capatailism- Europe started out acuring money throught trade and Plunder
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Colonialism (1650-1900)- Pattrn of production for the Third World is set
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Neo-colonialism- After WW2 many countries got their independance
- now controlled through Trade, Aid an World Bank |
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| Solutions to Underdevelopment |
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- Isolation- Keep themselves to themselves because of debt
Borrowed money ---> Intrest rates went up ---> Couldnot pay back money ---> Debt
ISI- Brazil 1960's-market saturated & people started buying goods |
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- 1942- Christopher Colombus 'discovered' Jamaica
- 1510- Spain colonised Jamaica
- 1655- Britain took over Jamaica
- 1838- Slavery was abolished
- 1945- Huge amount of people left Jamaica (exodus) and moved to the UK, USA and Canada for jobs
20th Century- Price of Pimary goods decreased |
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