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| A long-stemmed sacred pipe used primarily by many native peoples of North America; it is smoked as a token of peace |
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| A foretelling of the future or a look into the past; a discovery of the unknown by magical means. |
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| Organic, intergrated; indicating a complete system, greater than the sum of its parts; here, refers to a culture whose various elements (art, music, social behavior) may all have religious meaning. |
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| the act of pour a liquid as an offering to a god. |
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| A human being who contacts and attempts to manipulate the power of spirits for the tribe or group. |
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| An attempt to influence the outcome of an event through an action that has an apparent similarity to the desired result-for example, throwing water into the air to produce rain, or burning an enemy's fingernail clippings to bring sickness to that enemy. |
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| A strong social prohibition (Tongan: tabu; Hawaiian: kapu)> |
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| An animal or image of an animal that is considered to be related by blood to a family or clan and is its guardian or symbol. |
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| ____is the term for the belief that everything in the universe is somehow alive. |
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| Inspired by oral religions, Harvard biologist E.O. Wilson proposes that we foster biophilia, a______. |
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| The circle sometimes symbolic of the nature and its processes. Black Elk, an Uglala Sioux; points this out in reference to the circular tents of his people called_____. |
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| A bias against the study of oral religions up until the twentieth century is____ |
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| The assumption that they are not complex. |
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| In the worldview of animism____ |
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| there are no clear bounderies between the natural and the supernatural. |
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| To believe that nature is full of spirits implies that___ |
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| human beings must treat all things with care. |
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| cyclical, returning to its origins for renewal. |
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| Constructed sacred space____ |
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| is often in symbolic shape such as a cirlce or square. |
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| make little distinction between a god and an ancestor. |
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| Key events in the life cycle are |
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| marked with special rituals. |
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| The Native American vision quest is an example of____ |
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| Taboos that have been broken are often mended through______ |
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| Navaho sand paintings are____ |
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| temporary creations in a ritual |
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| A place where one can sometimes escape punishment is_____ |
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| A common symbol signifying the center of the universe in many oral religions is_____ |
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| Six dimensions of Worldviews |
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experiential (experience)
mythic (myth)
ritual
doctrinal
ethical (ethics=behavior)
social (impact of religious beliefs on society) |
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| Key class theme: beliefs + believers= |
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| 2 modes of being (Mircea Eliade) |
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Sacred=nonordinary, trancendent, wholly distinct
Profane=common, ordinary, utilitarian, worldly |
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hieros means "sacred"
phanein means "to appear"
Something sacred shows itself to us (a rock, mountain, tree, etc.) |
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| The most common, profane object- a tree, a mountain, a rock-____ |
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| can disclose the sacred presence |
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| a breakthrough to the sacred, an opening to the divine; implies a hierophany. |
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center of the world
the space and time where communication with the divine is possible
the original time when the cosmos was created |
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| the creation of the world |
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| reproduction of the creation myth |
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| Examples of the Sacred Space and Time: |
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| Mt. Zion, Jerusalem, Mt. Tabor, The Dome of the Rock, Mt. Fuji in Japan, The Ganges River, The Jordan River, Eyre's Rock in Australia |
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| Humans create sacred space and time____ |
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| out of the most ordinary, shared human experiences. |
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