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World Religions
Instroductory Terms
26
Philosophy
Professional
09/27/2011

Additional Philosophy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Agnosticism
Definition
belief that we do not know or cannot know God(or a god) exists - even if one does.
Term
Animism
Definition
belief in the widespread presence of souls or spirits which animate natural objects.
Term
Atheism
Definition
belief that there is no supernatural being of any kind.
Term
Canon
Definition
a more or less official collection of writings regarded as authoritative.
Term
Exegesis
Definition
an interpretation of a text - often line by line - that appropriately explains its meaning.
Term
Faith
Definition
1) belief and trust in the existence, power and benevolence of a supreme being

2) belief and trust in something for which there is no conclusive proof.
Term
Ground of being
Definition
Paul Tillich's phrase for the ultimate reality behind the metaphors of gods or supernatural forces around which a person orients his or her life and for which he/she is willing to live and die.
Term
Holy
Definition
set apart as a consequence of possession(besitz) of spiritual purity or transcendent value.
Term
Icon
Definition
a holy picture.
Term
Immanent
Definition
Sacred is beyond this world.
Term
Metaphysical
Definition
the ultimate nature or ultimate beingness of things.
Term
Miracle
Definition
1) from the Latin miraculum, meaning marvelous(phänomenal, erstaunlich)  event which causes wonder

2) a supernatural suspension(Aufhebung) or alteration(Änderung/Wandel) of the laws of nature
Term
Monotheism
Definition
belief in one god having certain person-like characteristics.
Term
Mysticism
Definition
a religion oriented around experiences of union with God or ultimate reality.
Term
Myth
Definition
a story of larger-than-life characters and events which expresses values, meaning, and direction for human life.
Term
Omnipotence
Definition

unlimited power to do anything, or, unlimited power to do anything that is logically possible to do.

 

(e.g., it is logically impossible for God to create a rock heavier than he can lift).

Term
Omniscience
Definition
knowledge of everything, or, knowledge of everything logically possible to know.

(e.g., some thinkers claim it is logically impossible for God to know how a free agent will choose)
Term
Oral Tradition
Definition
passing down, usually through many generation, of myths, narratives, poems, and the like by word of mouth
Term
Pantheism
Definition
belief that God and the universe are identical.
Term
Philosophy
Definition
using reason to seek and achieve wisdom about humankind and the world.
Term
Polytheism
Definition
belief in or worship of many gods.
Term
Religion
Definition
1) Traditional meaning: a set of beliefs ad practices which express worship of God or other supernatural beings.

2) Non-traditional meaning> a set of beliefs and practices which express a person's "ultimate concern" or "Ground of Being" around which that person orients his/her life.
Term
Sacred
Definition
set apart because of its supernatural or spiritual significance that which is ultimate and orders reality.
Term
Secular
Definition
not religious or sacred; worldly; connected with the ordinary world and its affairs.
Term
Transcendent
Definition
being above, beyond, or independent of ordinary experience and physical reality, and therefore sometimes considered incomprehensible to human reason.
Term
Ultimate Concern
Definition

Paul Tillich's phrase for what a person considers of supreme importance and around which that person orients his/her life - can express what a person, in practise, takes to be the Ground of Being.

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