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| narrow passageway on land or water that can be easily closed off |
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| between the red and mediterranean seas, controlled by Egypt |
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| Middle Eastern countries that have access to fresh water |
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| Turkey, Syria, Iraq and Egypt |
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| the process of filtering the salt out of sea water, very expensive |
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| Middle Eastern countries that have access to oil |
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| Iraq, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Yemen, Qatar and UAE |
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organization of petroleum exporting countries; alliance between middle eastern countries
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| Iraq tries to annex Kuwait for use of its resources/land; stopped by international forces |
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| Iraq attempting to expand its boarders, unsuccessful |
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| in response to the US re-supplying Israel during the Yom Kippur War |
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| in response to the Iranian revolution - regime change led to drastic cuts in exports |
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| Iran, Iraq and North Korea |
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| Location of Hamas terror organization |
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| Location of Hezbullah terror orgainzation |
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| Afghani organization that fought Soviet USSR when they invaded in 1979; funded by the US |
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| after the USSR invasion of 1979, Mujahdin morphed into Al Qaeda with the funds provided by the US; Taliban takeover |
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| US invasion of Afghanistan |
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| fall 2001; to get Osama Bin Laden and to destroy as much of Al Qaida as possible |
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| 2003; search for WMD's, none found; Saddam Hussein found, tried, and executed |
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| Northern Africa (The Maghreb) - Issues |
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| Rapid population growth, food shortages, ethnic tensions |
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| Algerian Islamist political party |
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| group backed by the sudanese government that is currently killing hundreds of thousands of civilians under the pretext of "quashing a rebellion" |
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| a belief in the need for a Jewish state; stems from Jewish historical connection to the land and a post-holocaust need for a place of asylum |
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| Main middle eastern/north african issues |
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- space, place, and palestinian displacement
- failed peace talks
- use of terror and military strikes
- security (fence/wall)
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| War of independence 1947 - 1948 |
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| british mandate of a palestinian state; clash between the Israeli and Palestinian arab populations |
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| Israel triples its territory into Egypt, Jordan and Syria |
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| Egypt and Syria invade Israel on Yom Kippur; almost resulted in the confrontation of US and USSR, two nuclear superpowers at the time |
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| land to sea/sea to land winds; dictate much of |
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| agricultural techniques of asia |
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- slash and burn
- wet rice cultivation
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| the exile of a group of people (jews) |
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| more liberal view, believes that the ruler of a country should be the one who is most qualified, not necessarily a descendant of the prophet Mohammed |
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| more conservative view; believes that the ruler of a country must be a direct descendent of the prophet mohammed |
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| peace talks between Egypt and Israel, Egypt obtained sinai peninsula |
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| arabic word for "shaking-off"; translated to popular resistance to oppression; palestine vs. israel |
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| Palestinian Liberation Organization |
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| organization created with the goal of "Palestinian liberation"; the sole legitimate representation of the Palestinian people. |
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the failed UN solution to the palestinian israeli land conflict; countries were vulnerable cause of long boarders
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| a chinese ethical and philosophical system; main ideas include the proper management of a society, honor for elders, hierarchy, and education |
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| natural or artificial slope/wall to regulate water levels |
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| mutually assured destruction |
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| the relationship between two nuclear capable countries that says that if one attacks, the other would retaliate |
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| China's population control strategy in which each urban couple is restricted to having one child |
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| value-added manufacturing |
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| the method of optimizing the efficiency of a manufacturer |
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| the Indian social hierarchy that is defined by lineage and enforced by the law |
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| the subsidization of insolvent companies by sympathetic politicians |
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| significant decline in the economic activity spread across the country over a period of time |
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| communist group that controls Cambodia |
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| communist group that used guerilla tactics to fight the south vietnamese side in the Vietnam war |
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the narrow strip of land that serves as the buffer between north and south korea
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| the pursuit of foreign policy objectives with the aid of conspicuous displays of military power, implying a threat of warfare |
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| group seeking the independence of Sri Lanka |
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| east pakistan revolt against the rest of pakistan, resulting in a new country |
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| major issue in India; violent crimes between members of different castes |
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| a major problem in India; when the bride's family refuses to pay the groom's family extra dowry, the groom's family responds by capturing and burning the bride |
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| a series of terror attacks in India's largest city by muslim terrorists from Pakistan |
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| Major Issue in Maldives and Bangladesh |
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parts of these two nations are in danger of being submerged by rising water levels
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| mid to late 70's; communist government murdered approximately 1.7 million people, with emphasis on the educated and successful |
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| Arid (West) and Humid (East) |
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| Current issue in Arid China |
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| riots/ethnic unrest between the Uyghurs and the Han in the Xinjiang |
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| autonomous regions of Arid China |
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| Tibet and Xinjiang are examples |
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| china's desperate attempt to improve its irrigation system |
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| erupted from the chinese civil war during which the western-supported nationalists lost to the communist party; Mao Zedong is the leader |
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| Great Leap Forward 1958 - 1961 |
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| attempt to make China a great agricultural force; development of farming communes; ended in failure |
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| Cultural Revolution 1966 - 1976 |
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| attempt to eradicate anyone against the Communist government; mobilization of red guards |
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- large scale pollution
- coming out of isolation (exports)
- industrialization
- infectious disease (SARS)
- free speech limitations
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| march 2007 recall of millions of toys, mass production of exports and the use of cheap harmful materials like lead; resulted in the international distrust of Chinese products |
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- resource scarcity
- volcanoes and earthquakes
- agricultural poverty
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| growing 2 different crops on the same field during different seasons |
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| growing two or more crops at the same time on the same field |
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| Political Division of the Koreas |
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| stalinist north and capitalist south |
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| three geographical divisions of Oceania |
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- melanesia
- micronesia
- polynesia
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| islands that either are continents or were attached to continents |
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| islands that result from volcanic eruptions |
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| animals that exist nowhere else on earth; lots in oceania |
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| Aborigines and the Lost Generation |
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| whites did not want the presence of the Aborigines in Australia so they attempted to kidnap interracial children and raise them as white |
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