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| European countries colonizing other parts of the world--good example is africa |
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Political instability: civil wars, border disputes
Social inequalities
Economic devastation
Proxy wars b/w US and USSR |
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1. Cyclical pattern of confrontation and cooperation
2. Nuclear stalemate
3. Development of informal rules and mutual understandings
4. Political pragmatism and ideological rhetoric
5. Superpower involvement in regional wars |
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| obvious, tangible forms of power, i.e. military capabilities, economic size |
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| less tangible qualities, like the role of ideas, persuasion, culture, innovation |
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| Right of a state to be the only law making body for the population inhabiting a given territory |
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| Sovereignty and Territorial Integrity |
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| State has right to resist and reject any aggression, invasion, or intervention within its territorial boundaries |
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Make and carry out political decisions
Enforce laws
Monopoly on legitimate use of force |
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| Conservative View of the Role of States |
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Definition
External: military power to protect and promote interests
Internal: maintain social order, protect private property rights, preserve traditional values |
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| Liberal View of the Role of States |
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Definition
Belief in free market
Minimal role for state |
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| Social Democrat View of the role of States |
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Definition
Constrain the powerful and self-interested groups
Intervene to assist disadvantaged |
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| Marxist View of the Role of States |
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Definition
View that states are expansive and repressive, and protects only the dominant class
Goal of states to promote equality |
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Definition
Security (survival autonomy etc)
Stability (&political development)
Prosperity |
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Unipolar - 1 main power (Hegemony)
Bipolar - 2 relatively equal powers
Multipolar - 3+ powers relatively equal (most stable) |
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Security and survival of state most important
(realist)
Ends justified the means |
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Anarchy only solved by a Leviathan government
Individual self interest
(realist) |
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People are self serving
Politics are mainly about conflict
(military power is the most important thing for survival)
states must act in self interest |
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Anarchy requires that states maintain the balance of power, form alliances, etc. to ensure their survival
(as opposed to classic, they would act in self interest and not form alliances) |
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| War between powers (fall of a hegemony, bipolar war, multipolar war etc) |
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Humans are naturally good
Social progress is possible
Main problem in IR is war (can be prevented) |
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Prevent war
Not very successful (US didn't join) |
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Democratic values (political liberalism)
Free-trade markets (economic liberalism)
multilateral cooperation (multilateralism)
rule-based international society that respects sovereignty and human rights |
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Increased social communication
Stronger economic ties etc |
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| Strong institutions facilitate cooperation by reducing fear, increasing information, and history of interactions that foster trust |
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| International Institutions |
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Definition
Organizations (physical)
Regimes (intangible, human rights etc) |
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| Changes in one are of the world have an effect on other parts of the world |
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| Blend with realism -- cooperation |
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Perpetual peace
System of conduct among states |
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Democratic peace theory
Absence of war b/w democracies closest thing to empirical law in IR |
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| Liberal International Theory |
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Definition
Democratic values
Free Trade
Multilateralism
rule based intervention based on sovereignty and human rights |
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Definition
Actors are produced by their environment
We give meaning to reality |
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| Social facts: existence is dependent on human agreement e.g. sovereignty, human rights, terrorism |
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Economic classes are the primary unit of analysis
Economic growth in one area is at the expense of the others |
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world split between rich capitalist countries and poor periphery countries
rivalry leads to conflict |
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| southern states dependent on northern (euro and US) |
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Gender vs. Sex
Critique of Patriarchy |
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