Term
| How much rainfall falls on land? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Total land area that drains surface water to a common point |
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Term
| What is the largest watershed on earth? How much % is it responsible for freshwater returning to oceans? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the largest watershed in the U.S. |
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Definition
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Term
| How much ground water is the earths available freshwater? |
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Definition
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Term
What is the DEEPEST lake with the greatest VOLUME?
How much freshwater does it contain? |
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Definition
-Lake Baikal
-20% Freshwater |
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Term
| How were the oldest lake systems formed? |
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Definition
| By the last glacial period- 10,000 years ago...Retreating ice sheets carved basins into the land- ice melted creating water. |
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Term
| What is the largest freshwater system by area on earth? How much freshwater does it contain? |
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Definition
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Term
| How much freshwater is contained in rivers? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the % of worldwide water withdraws that are from surfave water VS. Freshwater |
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Definition
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Term
| What contains the majority of the earths freshwater? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the lowest per capita water availability on earth? |
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Definition
| Gaza.. 37 gallons per person, per day |
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Term
| What three countries use the lowest % of total water from surface water sources? |
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Definition
1) Saudi Arabia- 3%
2) Yemen- 5%
3)Tunisia- 5% |
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Term
| What is "Paleowater" or "fossil" water |
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Definition
| Water - bearing formations laid down thousands of million of years ago |
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Term
| What is the difference between Consolidated and unconsolidated water? |
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Definition
Concolidated- IUndividual particles: granular sand, gravel, clays, sllits
Unconsolidated: Sandstone, limestone, granite. |
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Term
| Which is the most important aquifer in the U.S.? Is it consolidated or Unconsolidated? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Describes the ability of geologic or soil materials to transmit water |
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Term
| Difference between confined and unconfined aquifer? |
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Definition
Confined; A water-bearing formation located between imperiable layers of clay, rock or shale
Unconfined: Open to the surface but confined at a greater depth by low- peremability material. |
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Term
| What is measnt by water mining? |
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Definition
| Over- exploitation of renewable and non-renewable groundwater |
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Term
| What country has the largest % of non-renewable water use? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the number 1 use for ground water in the U.S.? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the Central Arizona project? |
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Definition
Canal- 335 miles long
Bringing water into Arizona from the colorodo river |
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Term
| How is groundwater used in Florida compared with the U.S.? |
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Definition
| Florida uses double the amount of groundwater compared with the U.S. |
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Term
| Two factors that led to doubling of FL population between 1950-1970 |
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Definition
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Term
| How much water is withdrawn daily in florida? |
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Definition
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Term
| Limestone is the common name for what compound? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is an Ion? What is the difference between cations and anions? |
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Definition
Ion- Stable forms of elements that aquire an electrical charge by gaining or losing electrons.
Anion- Negative charge; more electrons than protons
Cations- Posotive charge; less electrons than protons |
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Term
| What is menat by "precipitation" and how does it apply to limestone? |
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Definition
| When two or more compatible ions become sufficiently concentrated in water, they will reform the solid |
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Term
| What is the dominant mechanisim by whuch limestone formations are made? |
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Definition
| Marine Calcium + Magnesium Carbonate |
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Term
| Understand the fundamental evolution of the carbonate elements of the Florida platform, including the time frames, the origin of the carbonates, general conditions relative to sea levels, etc. |
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Definition
| Formed between 150-25 MYA and it serves as the major Aquifer for Florida |
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Term
| When did the water-bearing elements of the Floridian form? |
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Definition
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Term
| How is the continental rifting Aquifer confined? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is Florida's principal aquifer confined and consolidated? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is Karst topography and what is it's general features? |
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Definition
| Sink holes and large holes with no flowing water |
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Term
| What are the 3 basic sinkholes, the materials overlying the carbonates for each, and how they form? |
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Definition
1) Dissolution- Chemical erosion of limestone at the surface (Thin sand)
2) Cover Subsidence- Gradual infill of overburden into a solution cavity (thick sands)
3) Cover collapse- abrupt collapse of over burden (sands and clay) |
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Term
| The most common origin of lakes in Florida? |
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Definition
Sinkholes are the most common.
Subsudence lakes are the most common lakes (Cover collapse holes are the most common sinkholes) |
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Term
| What two months have the most reports of sinkholes? |
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Definition
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Term
| How are hydrologic connections maintained between surface and groundwater? |
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Definition
| Maintenance of hydrologic connection with the underlying limestone is a primary source of recharge for the Floridian |
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Term
| Where does the majority of aquifer recharge take place? |
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Definition
| High elevation (middle state)Rain water flows from high points to low points (the coast) and refils aquifers |
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Term
| What direction does groundwater flow in Florida. |
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Definition
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