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| general term for a scholar |
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| independent legal reasoning |
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| the reliance on existing law and thought |
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| Sahih bukhari / sahih muslim |
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| hadith collections of sunnah interpretations of shar'ia |
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| legal school (sunni or shia) |
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Major theological school from 660s-750s:
grave sinners not believers, must revolt against a sinning ruler, humans have free will, salvation on good works, qur'an is created |
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| major theological school in 920s: divine will emphasized, revelation more significant than reason, salvation on divine favor before merit, and qur'an is uncreated |
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| Shia legal school of the fivers |
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| follower of (Ismail) Jafar alSadiq a sevener shia |
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| Preservation of life, intellect, religion, property, and progeny; secure earthly justice when crimes are committed; provide a comprehensive legal system not just a penal law for crimes |
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1. Acts of Worship: proper fulfillment of the five pillars and related religious acts
2. Human / Social relations: financial transactions, endowments, laws of inheritance, etc. |
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| Four Sources Used for Sharia |
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| Qur'an, Sunnah, Consensus, Reason |
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| Additional Source used by Shia to formulate Sharia |
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| Legal Considerations of Judges |
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| local custom, juristic preference, appropriateness, public benefit, preventing the means of harm |
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| How many sunni legal schools are there today? |
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| theological debates for early muslims |
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| salvation, status of sinners, free will vs. predetermination, source of moral evaluation, reason vs. revelation, creation of the Qur'an |
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| Components of Sufi Orthodox |
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| purification of the soul and ego, asceticism and piety, mystical contemplation/meditation and experiences are most meaningful |
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| fivers, seveners, twelvers |
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| jihad al-nafs, ayn al-qalb, imbibing Divine knowledge, experiencing, passing through a hierarchy of states on the path to knowledge, seeking divine blessings, seeking union with the divine |
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| When did Sufi Brotherhoods development and what is the significance of this? |
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| 12th century. Encouraged mass participation of many Muslims and genealogical chains of transmission |
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