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| Koran-sacred text; literal word of god |
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| mystical for of Islam that is more accepting of music in religious context |
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| Sufi dance whirling for spiritual union |
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| plucked chordaphones, fretless pear shape (precurser to Renn. Lute, European) |
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| spike fiddle bowed chordophon (similar to Chinese erhub) |
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| trapezoidal hammered dulcimer (zither) string all across body (Cimbalom similar) Yanjin |
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| end blown notche flute, Iran, Turkey, Arabic countries, side of mouth blown |
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| double reed w/bell flare (oboe or shawm) |
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| goblet shaped drum, played with fingers |
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| transcendant emotional experience of highly expressive music/poetry, suite music |
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| (Arabic) built up scales of 4 notes (tetrachords) mathematics of vibrating string ratio |
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| (Arabic) path of the maqam |
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| complex meters of classical Arabic poetry--framework for rhythm |
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| Arabic suite ensembles of 5 players |
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| 1) Pishdaramad, 2) chahar mezrab, 3)avaz, 4) tasnif, 5) reng |
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| Umm Kulthum (her style of singing) |
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| Singer w/Takht, qasida for performance (25 min refined poetry) |
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| (Iran) organizing pitches like scales |
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| (Iran) the small segments w/in dastgah scale, like a tetrachord |
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| (Iran) 300 Gusheh--entire collection |
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| metered section in Iranian Suite--classical music, virtuosic |
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| standard method of chanting Biblical text |
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| Distinctive characteristics of music of the Middle East/North Africa |
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>>Elaborate melodies and melismas (highly decorated)
>>Improvisation based on basic tones or melodies
>>Heterophony
>>Rhythms based on specific beat patterns within the meter
>>Use of quarter tones |
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