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| "From Bible; jahwist - jehovah - narrative - oldest; elohist - Elohim - narrative of northern tribes; deuteronomic - book of law; priestly - later, concern for order" |
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| Hebrew for instruction/law |
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| First 5 books of the bible |
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| "old testament leader, story in Exodus" |
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| "the First Man, story in Genesis" |
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| "the First Woman,story in Genesis" |
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| "version of the Bible commissioned by King James, 54 scholars, used hebrew, Greek, and Latin sources" |
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| an appearance of a god to human beings; a divine manifestation |
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| the first five books of the Bible represent a combination of documents from independent sources |
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| "in the garden of eden, eating of this tree would impart immortality" |
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| "in the garden of eden, eating of this tree would allow Adam and Eve to know the difference between good and evil" |
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| "study of causation, why things happen" |
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| "a rite or body of rites prescribed for public worship; a customary repertoire of ideas, phrases, or observances" |
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| giving non human things human characteristics |
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| "like Job; prose at the start, poetry in the middle, prose at the end " |
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| from Job; Eliphaz - must have done something; Bildad - sons must have sinned; Zophar - god punishing you less than you deserve |
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| from Job - the accuser; seeks out men's sins and prosecutes them |
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| Job tore his clothing off |
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| from Job; God appears to him in a whirlwind |
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| the sons of Adam & Eve; the first murder - Cain kills Abel |
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| "God exiles Cain, but marks him so he won't be killed" |
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| "after the flood, the rainbow - God's promise that he won't flood the earth again" |
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| "Noah sends out raven first, it flies to and fro; sends out dove, it comes back - no land; 7 days later, olive branch; 7 days later, no return" |
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| "good is rewarded, bad is punished" |
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| children of mortal women and angels; blurred the line between men and god |
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| "proverbs, ecclesiastes, job - literature to teach" |
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Definition
| "hatred of women, evident in much of the early literature" |
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| Homer & the Homeric question |
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Definition
| homeric question deals with the debate about who homer actually was and whether it was one person or many |
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| Epic conventions & devices |
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Definition
| "opens by stating theme; invokes a muse to inspire and instruct him; opens in medias res and explains later; catalogs warriors, ships, armies; extended formal speeches by main characters; use of epic similes and epic epithets " |
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| "happened before the odyssey, odysseus is trying to get home from this " |
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| Definition & qualities of a hero |
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Definition
| threatened at birth; initiation; withdraw; inspired (supernatural force); reluctance to begin adventure; possesses special powers; constantly changing reputation; subjection to a larger cause; air of mystery around hero; ultimately suffers from human limitations |
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| "The hero cycle of separation--initiation--return is seen in the literature of all cultures from all time periods ""hero with a thousand faces"" " |
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| "author of ""hero with a thousand faces"" - the concept of the monomyth originated with him" |
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| Homer writes the Iliad and the Odyssey |
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| "Iliad and Odyssey - epics told over days to revelers - repetition, formulaic expressions, formulaic structure" |
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| long narrative poem in elevated style presenting characters of high position in adventures forming an organic whole through their relation to a central heroic figure and through their development of episodes important to the history of a nation or a race. |
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| "sun god, island with golden cattle" |
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| "goddess on island Ogygia, keeps Odysseus captive for 7 years " |
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| god of the earth - water and earthquakes; father of cyclops polyphemus; tries to prevent O's return home |
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| has an affair with Clytemnestra and kills Agamemnon when A returns from war |
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| "King, married to Clytemnestra, fights in trojan war, upon return is murdered by Aegisthus" |
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| son of Agamemnon and Clytemnestra - avenges his father's murder |
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| "goddess pivitol to the Odyssey, guides Telemachus and begs Zeus to intercede for Odysseus and help him get home; inspires Nausicaa" |
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| "main character of the Odyssey, fought in Trojan wars, took 10 years to return home" |
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| Island of Calypso in the Odyssey |
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| "Leader of the suitors, first one killed on Odysseus' return" |
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| "another suitor, second in command" |
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| "devoted nurse and maid to telemachus, keeps his secrets, helps him" |
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| "nearby island, Nestor is King" |
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| son of Nestor; friend of Telemachus who journeyed with him |
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| "King of Pylos, fought with Odysseus" |
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| "seduced Helen, wife of King Menelaus, provoking Trojan war" |
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| "wife of King Menelaus, seduced by Paris, cause of Trojan war" |
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| King of Sparta; married to Helen; fought with Odysseus in Trojan war |
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| "messenger of the gods, son of Zeus; sent to Calypso to tell her to release O; gives O instructions to deal with Circe" |
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| "gave Odysseus an immortal scarf to get him to the shore, she is immortal after jumping off cliff with her baby (driven mad by Hera)" |
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| "princess of Phaeacia, daughter of Alcinous; discovers naked Odysseus after storm, takes him home" |
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| King of Phaeacia; Odysseus tells him his story in books 9 - 12 |
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| Island where Odysseus is washed up after a storm; they help him return home |
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| one of the contests on the Phaeacian island - Odysseus wins by far - throwing a larger discus a longer discus |
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| bard of the Phaeacians; sings of the trojan war - Odysseus weeps |
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| They beat back Odysseus and his men after they raided the city - first difficulty faced on the way home |
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| island where Odysseus almost loses his men to drugs |
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| "cyclops, son of Poseidon, odysseus tricks him, puts his eye out and they escape" |
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| "King of the winds; he gave O a sack from a full grown ox - full of wind - tied in hold of boat, crew opens, they are blown back to Aeolian island and king dismisses them as cursed" |
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| "Huge people, their king Antiphates eats one of O's men and they have to row fast to escape" |
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| "witch of island Aeaean, turns O's men to swine, takes him to bed after he gets her to promise she won't hurt or deceive him" |
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| Odysseus' second in command |
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| herb used to defeat circe |
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| blind seer consulted by Odysseus in land of the dead |
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| Odysseus' mother - in the land of the dead she tells him penelope is still faithful and telemachus is well; she tells him she died because of her longing for him |
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| the disguises used by Athena when she appears in public |
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Definition
| "wife of Agamemnon, has an affair with Aegisthus" |
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Term
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| "sea monster, devoured 6 of Odysseus' men - opposite of charybdis" |
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| sea monster as a whirlpool - opposite of scylla |
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| "goatherd and suitor, mocks Odysseus as a beggar, is hung and then cut up" |
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| "Odysseus' loyal cowherd, treats him with kindness as a beggar, helps kill the suitors" |
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| "Odysseus' loyal swineherd, recognizes him and helps him kill the suitors" |
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| O shoots an arrow with his own bow through the heads of 12 axes |
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Term
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| their song can drive a man to steer his boat into the rocks - lure men to their deaths |
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| father of Antinous; wants to go after O with vengeance |
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| first 4 books of the Odyssey; about Telemachus and his journey to manhood |
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| as in book 11 where O is telling the story and then the king and queen ask questions |
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| golden age of greek theater in athens |
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| greek tragic playwright - some consider the father of the art of tragedy |
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| "Imitation; Serious, complete and possessing magnitude; Embellished language; In the mode of action (dramatic) and not narrated; Effecting through pity and fear - Pathos if you could not create catharsis, the play was a failure - typically put on during the Dionysius festival (goddess of wine and revelry) everyone drunk, play took 2nd seat to the revelry, repetition for the audience" |
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Definition
| stone structure typically cut into hill with stage and rows of seats going higher as they go back |
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Term
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| huge masks worn by the actors to denote the main characters |
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| greek backdrop for plays - scenery |
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| "group of actors who described and commented upon the main action of a play with song, dance, and recitation" |
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| "peripetia Greek peripéteia reversal, sudden change, a derivative of peripetes changing suddenly, literally, falling round, falling into A sudden or unexpected reversal of circumstances or situation in a literary work." |
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| Greek anagnorisis, literally, recognition In a literary work, the startling discovery that produces a change from ignorance to knowledge |
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| An inherent defect of character, or the error, guilt, or sin of the tragic hero in a literary work |
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| wife of Jason (of argonauts); he leaves her to marry princess; woman scorned - kills princess, king and her own children to hurt Jason |
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| of the Golden Fleece and the Argonauts; Medea helps him accomplish his tasks and then he leaves her |
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| Aristotle's rules for drama - unity of action (one main action, few or no subplots); unity of place (single physical space on stage); unity of time (action of play no more than 24 hours) |
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| god in the machine - Medea's chariot drawn by dragons |
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| A contest or conflict; specifically, the dramatic conflict between the chief characters in a Greek play |
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| Dialogue especially of altercation or dispute delivered in alternating lines (as in classical Greek drama). |
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| a literary character who makes an error of judgment or has a fatal flaw that, combined with fate and external forces, brings on a tragedy -hero with flaws - in Medea, is it Jason or Medea?" |
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| Jason and Medea land here - where the events of Euripides play take place |
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| King of Corinth, father of the princess |
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| King of Athens, friend of Medea, offers her protection and a place to live when she is exiled |
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| first speaker in the play Medea, servant to Medea, she introduces the circumstances at the start of the story |
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| tutor to Medea's son with Jason, he brings news from outside the house |
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| Aristotle's writings about literature - value of, rules for etc. - identifies the criteria and establishes the standards for excellence in literature, particularly tragic drama |
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| elevated shoes to make the actors "larger than life" |
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| The purification or purgation of the emotions (especially pity and fear) primarily through art. The term, derived from the medical term katharsis (“purgation” or “cleansing”), was used as a metaphor by Aristotle (Poetics) to describe the effects of true dramatic tragedy on the spectator. Aristotle states that the purpose of tragedy is to arouse “terror and pity” and thereby effect the catharsis of these emotions. |
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