Shared Flashcard Set

Details

World History
n/a
42
Social Studies
11th Grade
03/03/2012

Additional Social Studies Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Renaissance
Definition
rebirth
Term
Florence
Definition

Italian city-state where the Renaissance began

 

Began there because of its location - it was easily reached by water or land.

 

Term
Medici family
Definition
wealthy political family in Florence during the Renaissance
Term
Renaissance Economics
Definition
heavily influenced by shipping trade with other parts of the known world (Byzantine and Islamic empires and the rest of Europe)
Term

Renaissance

 

Social Benefits

Definition
helped Europe recover from the Black Plague
Term
Machiavelli
Definition

Renaissance man

 

author of The Prince, which taught that as a leader is it better to be feared than loved

Term
Renaissance Man
Definition

a well educated person who excels in multiple fields and has many talents

 

 

Think of someone who is awesome at sports, art (including drama and music), AND school.

Term
Leonardo da Vinci
Definition
  • original Renaissance man
  • works include Mona Lisa and The Last Supper
Term
Michelangelo
Definition
  • Renaissance artist
  • created human images to reflect the divine beauty of God
  • works David
Term
Humanists
Definition
studied history, philosophy, and poetry of the ancient Greeks and Romans
Term
Petrarch
Definition
  • stated that there was no conflict between secular achievements and a person's relationship with God
  • that means: because God gives a person talent, all things achieved or created with that talent honor God
Term
Secular
Definition
Worldly; not having to do with religion - especially the Roman Catholic Church
Term
Sacred
Definition
Having to do with religion
Term
Heliocentric
Definition
the sun is the center of the universe
Term
Geocentric
Definition
the earth is the center of the universe
Term
Dante
Definition
  • Humanist
  • wrote in the common language of the day (vernacular)
  • considered to be the father of the Italian language
Term
Erasmus
Definition
  • Dutch Christian Humanist
  • wanted to reform the Catholic Church from the inside out
  • believed in free will over predestination
Term
Protestant Reformation
Definition
  • movement against certain practices in the Catholic Church such as the selling of indulgences
Term
Martin Luther
Definition
  • Catholic monk and professor
  • disagreed with the practice of selling indulgences
  • believed the only way a person could achieve salvation from God was by God's mercy
  • wrote the 95 Theses
  • split from the Catholic church and formed the Protestant faith and the Lutheran church
Term
Indulgence
Definition
  • resulted in reduced time spent in Purgatory
  • sold by the Catholic church until after the Council of Trent
  • think of it as a "fast pass" to get out of time out free, or to be able to reduce the time spent in a waiting room
Term
Purgatory
Definition
a place or state of suffering where the souls of sinners go to pay for those sins before they are allowed to enter Heaven
Term
John Calvin
Definition
  • early convert to Protestantism
  • formed the Calvinist church
  • believed in predestination
Term
Predestination
Definition
the belief that God decides before a person is born whether that person will go to Heaven or not
Term
Henry VIII
Definition
  • King of England
  • established the Anglican church (very similar to Catholic church, but with the king as head instead of the pope)
Term
Elizabeth I
Definition
  • daughter of Henry VIII
  • made the Anglican church more moderate and less like the Catholic church
Term
Johannes Gutenberg
Definition
  • inventor of the printing press
  • responsible for making printed materials accessible to the common people
Term
moveable type
Definition
another name for the printing press
Term
Jesuits
Definition
Catholic monks who wanted to restore Catholicism to newly Protestant areas in Europe
Term
Council of Trent
Definition
group of Catholic bishops who met over 18 years to reform corrupt practices in the Roman Catholic Church
Term
Vasco da Gama
Definition
Portuguese explorer; first to sail around the tip of Africa to India
Term
Christopher Columbus
Definition
Italian explorer sailing for Spain; discovered the Americas when trying to find a westward route to India from Spain
Term
Ferdinand Magellan
Definition
Spanish explorer; first to circumnavigate the globe
Term
Samuel de Champlain
Definition
French explorer; established the Quebec colony
Term
mercantilism
Definition
the theory that countries need large supplies of gold and silver to be prosperous and powerful
Term
Columbian Exchange
Definition
large-scale exchange of plants, diseases, animals, and people between Europe and the Americas; diseases ONLY traveled from Europe to the Americas
Term
astrolabe
Definition
navigational tool that allowed sailors to locate and predict the position of the moon, sun and stars
Term
Copernicus
Definition
believed in a heliocentric solar system
Term
heliocentric
Definition
sun-centered
Term
geocentric
Definition
earth-centered
Term
Galileo
Definition
proved the theories of Copernicus using a telescope
Term
Johannes Kepler
Definition
believed planets moved in an elliptical orbit around the sun
Term
Sir Isaac Newton
Definition
father of Calculus; proved Kepler's elliptical orbit theory using mathematics
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