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| What is the outermost layer that primarily protects trees from insects and disease? |
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| What is the "inner bark"? |
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| What thin layer of cells transports sugar and other compounds produced by the leaves to the rest of the tree? |
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| What carries water and minerals from to roots to the top of the tree? |
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| What living portion of the tree is considered the sapwood? |
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| What is the heartwood made from? |
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Definition
| Old xylem that no longer transports water, considered dead wood |
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| What is a thin layer of cells located between the phloem and xylem? |
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| What part of the tree is responsible for diameter growth of the tree? |
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| What divides on the outside to produce phloem cells and on the inside to produce xylem cells? |
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| What do trees grow millions of in the spring? |
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| What part of a root tip is a zone of growth that protects to root as it pushes forward? |
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| What old cells turn into new bark? |
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| What do trees need in order to break down sugars and release energy? |
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Definition
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| What is used by green plants to make food through photosynthesis? |
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Definition
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| What is the process of trees breaking down sugars? |
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| What is the name for the process where water is lost to the air when moving through the tree? |
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Term
| What are pore spaces on leaves that let carbon dioxide in and oxygen out? |
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| What is the tree substance that is composed of nutrients and dissolved sugar? |
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| What type of wood is light-colored, thin-walled cells produced early in the growing season? |
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| What is a darker band of thick-walled cells that are grown later in the season? |
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| How can you count tree rings? |
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Definition
| Count either all the earlywood rings OR all the latewood rings |
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Term
| What are the 4 layers of a forest? |
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Definition
| Canopy, understory, shrub/vine layer, and floor |
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Term
| What are found on areas above stream bottoms or flood plains? |
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Definition
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| What forests occur on floodplains and low-lying terraces in stream valleys? |
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| What type of tree has clumped needles? |
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| What type of tree has scaly leaves? |
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Definition
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| What type of tree has flat needles? |
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| What type of tree has square needles? |
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| What kind of forest would you find White Oak, Shagbark Hickory, American Basswood, and Sugar Maples? |
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| What type of forest would you find Silver Maple, Eastern Cottonwood, and Black Willows? |
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| What has needles in bundles of five that are very slender, soft, and flexible? |
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| What is the only pine native to Iowa? |
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Definition
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| What type of conifers have awl-shaped needles? |
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Definition
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Term
| Hard or soft maple: Boxelder? |
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Definition
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| Hard or soft maple: Silver |
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Definition
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| What's the edge of the leaf called? |
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| How would you write an unspecified or unknown salvia species? |
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| How would you write multiple salvia species? |
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| American Filbert (Hazelnut) |
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| Symphoricarpos occidentalis |
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Definition
| Symphoricarpos orbiculatus |
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| Thornless Cockspur Hawthorn |
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Definition
| Crataegus crusgalli var. inermis |
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| Thornless Common Honeylocust |
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Definition
| Gleditsia triacanthos var. inermis |
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| Shingle Oak (know how to spell) |
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| Ohio Buckeye (know how to spell) |
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| American Hornbeam (know how to spell) |
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| American Cranberrybush Viburnum |
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| What's a community that consists of open-grown trees growing as scattered individuals or in small groves with an herbaceous understory? |
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| What occurs in the transition zone between the eastern forests and the prairies to the west? |
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| What tree has compound and double compound leaves? |
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| What is the most important conifer in Iowa? |
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