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| By-product of air pollution; forms when sulfur dioxide nd nitrogen oxides are released into the atmosphere by burning fossil fuels |
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| Act of collecting in a mass |
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| Transfer of cargo from one type of carrier to another |
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| When raw materials are heavier and bulkier than the finished products |
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| When the finished products are heavier than the raw materials |
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| A global economic stsyem that is based in high-income nations with market economies |
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| Rapid economic and political change that transformed the country into a stable nation with democratizing political institutions, a growing economy, and an expanding ofweb nongovernmental institutions |
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| Conglomerate Corporations |
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| Companies that have diversified into various economiv activities usually through a process of mergers and acquisitions |
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| Exodus of businesses from a crowded area |
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| When manufacturing as a share of total employment has fallen dramatically in the MDCs |
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| That economic development of many countries in the world is blocked by the fact that industrialized nations exploit them |
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| The diminishing in importance and eventual disappearance of a phenomenon with increasing distance from its origin |
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| Process of improving the material conditions of people through diffusion of knowledge and technology, has occurred as a result of industrialization |
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| A discipline that studies the impact of economic activities on the landscape and investigates reasons behind the locations of economic activities |
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| Export-Oriented Industrialization |
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| To directly integrate economies into the global economy by concentrating on economic production to find a place in international markets |
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| When neither resource or market-oriented |
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| The increase in time and cost that usually comes with increasing distance |
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| Residues of plants and animals that were buried millions of years ago, including coal, petroleum, and natural gas |
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| Increase in earth's temperature causd primarily by the burning of fossil fuels |
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| Gross Domestic Product (GDP) |
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| Value of the total output of goods and services produced in a country during a year |
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| Gross Domestic Product Per Capita |
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| Dividing the GDP by total population; measure of the average person's contribution to generating a country's wealth in a year |
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| Warming that results when solar radiation is trapped by the atmosphere |
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| The process by which economic activities on the earth's surface evolved from producing basic, primary goods to using factories for mass-producing goods for consumptions |
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| The transformation from an agricultural to an industrial nation |
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| Services that support economic activities |
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| International Division of Labor |
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Definition
| Some components of products are made in one country and others in another |
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| Japans dominant region of industrialization, which includes Tokyo |
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| Labor Intensive Industries |
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| An industry for when labor costs comprises a high percentage of total expenses |
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| Locational Interdependence Theory |
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| The influence on a firm's locational decision by locations chosen by its competitors |
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| Produces goods primarily for consumers in the U.s |
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| A remarkable government-sponsered campaign for modernization and colonization |
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| Identifies tradition as the greatest barrier to economic development |
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| Those that have experienced industrialization |
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| Not experienced in industrialization |
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| North American Free Trade Agreement; It eliminated barriers to free trade among the three countries of Mexico, United States, and Canada |
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| New International Division Of Labor |
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| Process that keeps global inequalities in place |
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| Newly Industrializing Country |
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| Countries that are newly industrialized |
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| Northeast District (China) |
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| Manchuria, created on the region's coal and iron deposits near the city of Shenyang |
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| Industrial and military leaders that came to political power |
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| Countries that border the Pacific Ocean on their eastern shores |
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| Post-Industrial Societies |
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| Countries where most people are no longer employed in industry |
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| Primary Economic Activities, Primary Sector |
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| Drawing raw materials from the natural environment |
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| Primary Industry, Secondary Industry |
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| Develops around raw materials; Transforms raw materials into manufactured goods |
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| Energy deposits that have been discovered |
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| Energy deposits that have not been discovered |
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| Includes service jobs concerned with research and development, management and administration, and processing and disseminating information |
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Term
| Rostow, W.W, Rostow's Stages |
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Definition
| Noted for a belief in the efficacy of capitalism and free enterprise; 5 stages- 1) Traditional- farming, 2) Preconditions for Takeoff- commercial exploitations of materials, 3) Take off- massive investment and produce goods for manufacturing, 4) Drive to Maturity- wealth goes up, 5) Age of Mass Consumption |
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| Second Economic Activities, Secondary Sector |
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| Turning raw materials into manufactured goods |
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| Secondary Industrial Region |
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| Where agglomeration is somewhat less, but still significant. Ex: Nigeria, Brazil, Argentina, Venezuala, South Africa |
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| Single-Market Manufacturers |
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| Maufacturers that produce goods for one type of market |
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| Particular to a geographic location and focus on varying of land, labor, and capital |
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| Development of literacy, formal education and good healthcare |
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| Describes the reduction in the time it takes to diffuse something to a distant place as a result of improved communications and transportation systems |
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| Government designated areas where foreign investments is allowed and capitalistic ventures are encouraged |
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| Suggests that business owners can juggle expenses, as long as labor, land rents, transportation, and other costs don't all go up at one time |
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| Developing that meets the needs of the present withouth compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs |
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| Parts of economy that involves services rather than goods |
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| Conglomerations of trade among countries within a region |
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| Transnational Corporations |
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| Transnational Corporations |
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| Companies that operate factories in countries other than the ones in which they are headquartered |
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| Extra money added to a product for laboring cost |
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| Variable Revenue Analysis |
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| The firm's ability to capture a market that will earn it more customers and money than its competitors |
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| First explained economic development in 1974 using model of the capitalist world economy |
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| (1736-1819) Improved upon Newcomen's Steam Engine. Watt's Steam Engine would be the power source of the Industrial Revolution |
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| Creator of the model that states that the optimum location of a manufacturing firm is explained in terms of cost minimization |
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