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| The exact location of where something is |
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| Circular/Centralized Pattern |
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| objects that circle another object |
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| Products of interactions between humans and their environment |
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| Pushes the clock forward one hour in the spring in order to allow people to enjoy more sunlight in the afternoon duing the warm spring and summer months |
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| A field that centers on the interactions of human and physical geography |
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| an imaginary circle that lies exactly half way between the North and the South Poles |
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| He accurately calculated the circumference of the earth by measuring the sun's angles at th summer solstice at 2 points alone te Nile River |
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| An area that has striking similarities in terms of one or a few physical or cultural features |
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| Functional (Nodal) Regions |
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| Areas organized around cores, or nodes |
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| Geographic Information System; a computer system that captures, stores, analyzes, and displays data |
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| Expansion of economic, political, and cultural activities to the point that they reach and have impact on many areas of the world |
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| Standard time at the Prime Meridian |
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| Global Positioning System; uses a series of satellites, tracking stations, and recievers to determing precise absolute locations on earth |
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| Reflects a rectangular system of land survey adopted in muh of the country under the Ordinance of 1785 |
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| Made the first geography book |
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| The study of where and why human activities are located where they are |
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| an 11th century Arab geographer, worked for the king of the Sicily to collect geographical information into a remarkable direction, an academy of geographers gathered maps, consulted mariners and travelers, and went out on their own scientific expeditions. Although the final world map that they assembled is lost, much of he information and many partial and sectional maps have survived |
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| German philosopher and geographer of the 1700s defined geography as the study of interrelated spatial patterns - the description and explanation of differences and similarities between one region and another |
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| The overall appearance of an area that is shaped by both human and natural influences |
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| Parallels that measure distance north and south of the equator which is at 0 degrees |
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| Pattern that is along straight lines like rivers, streets or railroad tracks |
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| Time of a region that has adopted and agreed upon time zone |
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| The position of something on the earth's surface |
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| Merideans that are arcs drawn between the North and South Poles that measue distance east and west from Prime Meridian (0 degrees) |
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| a 19th century American geographer, best known for his classic work, "Man and Nature," published 1864. He focused on the impact of human actions on the natural environment, so his thinking is basic to the field of Human Geography. He emphasized human destruction of the environment and used the conversion of ancient Mesopotamia from a "Fertile Crescent" to a cast abarren desert. Marsh's message is a familiar one to us today: Conserve the earth, or live to pay the disastrous consequences |
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| A map created by Flemish cartographer Gerardus Mercator in 1569 for navigational purposes designed to be used for "true" direction but distorts sizes of land near the poles |
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| An arc drawn between the North and South Poles that measures longitude |
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| Multi-National Corporations |
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| Businesses that have centers of operation in many parts of the world |
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| A circle drawn around the globe parallel to the equator |
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| The arrangement of objects on earth's surface in relationship to one another |
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| Perceptual (Vernacular) Regions |
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| Places that peopel believe exist as a part of their cultural identity. They reflect feelings and images more than any objective reality, such as physical features, formal political boundaries or economic centers |
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| As one moves from a core they enter a region's margins |
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| Introduced in 1974 by Arno Peter; attempted to keep land masses equal but ultimately distorts true shapes of continents |
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| A specific point on earth with human and physical characteristics that distinguish if from the points |
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| Focuses on the natural environment itself |
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| Physical Site Characteristic |
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| Include climate topography, soil, water sources, vegetation and elevation |
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| The meridian located at the observatory in Greenwich, England at 0 degrees |
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| Greek Scholar who lived five hundred years later than Eratosthenes, recalculated the circumference of the earth to be much smaller- - by about 9,000 iles. He was wrong, but his mistake was taken as truth for hundreds of years. Despitchis famous miscalculations, his "Guide to Geography" included many rough maps of landmasses and bodies of water, and he developed a global grid system that was a fore runner to our modern system of latitude and longitude |
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| Where no regular distribution can be seen |
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| The organization of earth's surface into distinct areas that are viewed as different from other areas |
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| An attempt to fix distortion of size at the poles, actually led to another distotion of size of Antartica. (Curvation of North and South Poles) |
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| An early 20th century geographer from California, shaped the field of Human Geography by arguing that cultural landscapes (produces of interactions between humans and their environments" should be the main focus of geographic study. His metods of landscape analysis provided a lens for interpreting cultural landscapes as directly and indirectly altered over time as a result of human activity. His study is basic to environmental geopraphy, a field that centeres on the interaction of human and physical geography |
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| The relationship between the size of an object or distance between objects on a map and the size of the actual object or distance on earth's surface |
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| The physical and human transformed characteristics of a place |
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| Refers to relative locations |
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| The postition of the sun in the sky as the day progresses |
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| The physical gap or distance between two objects |
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| Changes the rapid connections among places and regions have brought. Places are bought much closer not only through faster transportation and communication, but through new technologies - such as televisions and computeres - that bring images from those places into our homes, businesses, and schools |
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| The location of places, peoples, and events and the connections among places and landscapes |
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| The patterns of both natural and human environments, distributons of people, and locations of all kinds of objects |
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| A egion that has adopted the same standard time, usually referred to as local time |
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| Government organization that collects information about the country's inhabitants and complies a census eport every 10 years |
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| Critical to geographers, the explanation for why a spatial pattern exists |
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