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| composed of basic processes and skills that are relevant to the range of situations in which we interact. Broken into 3 parts. |
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| we first see ourselves through the eyes oth others, so their messages form the foundations of our self-concepts. later we interact with mass communication and person and social media as well as teachers, friends, romantic partners, and co-workers who communication their views of us. Thus, how we see ourselves reflects the views of us that others communicate |
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| 1934 said "humans are talked into humanity" meaning we gain our personal identities by interacting with others. |
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| communication- verbal and non- is the primary way we connect with others. we connect with others by revealing our private identities, asking questions, working out problems, listening, remembering shared history, and making plan for the future. |
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| communication skills are critical for success in professional life. |
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| communication skills are vital to the health of our society. found ways to communicate to organize and improve their common social world. More than paying attention to politics and voting, its also working with others formally and informally to identify needs of communicates and society. |
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| is a systematic process in which people interact with and through symbols to create and interpret meanings. it is a process, takes place within a system. it is symbolic, and focuses on meanings. |
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| means its ongoing and dynamic. hard to tell when communication starts and stops. |
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| consists of interrelated parts that affect on another. ex. family members are all part of a family which is the system. change is inevitable and continuous, abrupt, or gradual, sometimes affected by outside change, and sometimes affected by internal factors. |
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| how systems vary. it is the extent to which a system affects and is affected by outside factors and processes. |
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| abstract, arbitrary, and ambiguous representations of other things. |
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| which are at the heart of communication, they are significances we bestow on phenomena, or what they signify to us. we use symbols to create meanings. |
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| contains the literal message |
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| Relationship level of Meaning |
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| expresses the relationship between communicators, most cases this is the more important of the two meanings. often it expresses a desire to connect with another person. |
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| Harold Laswell (1948) described communication as one-way process in which one person acts on another. also called transmission model. bc it is in a straight forward manner from a sender to a receiver. |
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| Claude Shannon & Warren Weaver (1949) refined Laswells model and added noise. It is anything that interferes with the intended meaning of communication. They may distort understanding. Also biases, and preoccupation that hinder effective listening |
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| communication as a sequential process in which one person communicated to another, who then sends feedback to the first person. Gronbeck 1999 |
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| response to a message, verbal or nonverbal, and it can be intentional or unintentional. Wilbur Schramm (1955) depicted feedback as a second kind of message. pointed out that communicators create and interpret messages within personal fields of experience. |
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| Portrays that people are communicating simultaneously, and that communication is happening over a period of time. Also communicators both send and receive messages. Communication varies and is not constant. portrays each persons field of experience. |
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| research, education, nonprofit sector, Mass communications: journalism, broadcasting, public relations, and advertising, training and consulting, human relations and management, |
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| Helps us understand how/why communication works or fails to work. help organize by studying processes such as message production and marketing. assist counselors by investigating the ways in which communication helps and harms relationships. |
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| teach others about communication. BA for elementary, masters for community college, technical school, and some junior colleges, PHD for university level. |
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| be willing and able to listen and learn from people who are different from you in their backgrounds, goals, abilities, and dreams. must know how to encourage, motivate, and support others and how to build strong team of staff and volunteers. must be able to establish a climate of mutual trust and respect with populations that don't easily trust others. |
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