Term
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Definition
| Membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord. |
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Term
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Definition
| inner meninge layer that hugs brain and s.c.; it makes CSF |
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Term
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Definition
| astrocytes that bind to capillaries of pia mater and keep them from leaking; helps keep brain "clean" |
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Term
| The choroid plexus of the pia mater. |
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Definition
| What makes cerebrospinal fluid? |
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Term
| provides cushioning, nutrition, waste removal, ion regulation for the CNS |
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Definition
| What's the function of the CSF? |
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Term
| Lumbar puncture or spinal tap |
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Definition
| What's the procedure where a needle is inserted into the lower lumbar area just above the meninges to recover CSF? |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the meninges due to viral or bacterial infection |
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Term
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Definition
| Injecting anesthesia just above the dura mater to reduce pain. |
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Term
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Definition
| accumulation of CSF in the ventricles of the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| tough, outer meninge layer that holds brain to skull |
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Term
| Older CSF is continuously reabsorbed into the blood and new CSF is made. |
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Definition
| How is the CSF maintained? |
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Term
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Definition
| What type of info. is carried on the ascending tracts of the s.c.? |
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Term
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Definition
| What part of brain has visual and auditory reflexes? |
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Term
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Definition
| What type of info. is carried on the descending tracts? |
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Term
| reflex center; pathway between brain and PNS |
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Definition
| What is the function of the spinal cord? |
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Term
| An automatic subconscious response to a stimuli. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Middle meninge layer that has CSF below it. |
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Term
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Definition
| Which organ works with the midbrain to maintain posture? |
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Term
| It extends from the foramen magnum or brainstem down to the 2nd lumbar vertebrae |
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Definition
| Where is the spinal cord? |
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Term
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Definition
| It regulates the excitability of the cerebrum. |
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Term
| the skeletal muscles on the rt. side. |
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Definition
| The left motor cortex controls _________ |
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Term
| vertebrae compress s.c. and cause constant action potentials; dying neurons release Ca+ ions that stimulate tissue degrading enzymes; WBC's produce inflammation that further damages healthy neurons |
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Definition
| Describe some of the major events that occur during a s.c. injury besides axons being torn |
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Term
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Definition
| What do we call different groups of axons in CNS that carry info. to different body parts |
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Term
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Definition
| What part of brain assists the medulla in regulating breathing? |
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Term
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Definition
| This contains a communication network between all parts of brain stem. |
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Term
| When the s.c. isn't severed all the way through and only some tracts are severed. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Which part regulates your biological clocks and sleep cycles? |
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Term
| Different body parts are regulated from different tracts in the s.c., so one tract could be injured leaving other tracts still functional. |
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Definition
| Why can a s.c. injury leave some body parts or some sensations functioning and others aren't? |
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Term
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Definition
| What type of structural neurons make up the brain tissue? |
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Term
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Definition
| What part of brain has reflex centers for respiration and heart rate? |
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Term
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Definition
| Which organ uses info. from eyes, ears, and proprioceptors to coordinate muscles? |
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Term
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Definition
| What part of brain has reflex centers for coughing, sneezing, swallowing, vomiting? |
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Term
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Definition
| What part of brain is a communication network between the brains 3 main parts (cerebrum, cerebellum and brain stem) |
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Term
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Definition
| What part of brainstem has reflexes that help maintain posture? |
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Term
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Definition
| Which part regulates your apetite and thirst? |
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Term
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Definition
| An injury in this area might produce a coma. |
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Term
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Definition
| Which organ coordinates incoming sensory info. to precisely control effectors. |
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Term
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Definition
| which part of brain is composed of the thalamus, hypothalamus, pituitary and pineal gland, optic chiasma |
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Term
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Definition
| Where do the motor tracts crossover? |
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Term
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Definition
| What part of brain can sense a general awareness of incoming sensory info. like pain, touch, sound? |
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Term
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Definition
| Which part crudely interprets sensory info. and then routes the info. to the appropriate part of the brain for further interpretation? |
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Term
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Definition
| Which part regulates your autonomic nervous system and endocrine (glands) system? |
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Term
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Definition
| It causes pleasant or unpleasant feelings about stuff to guide our behavior. |
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Term
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Definition
| Controls emotions and produces feelings |
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Term
| The limbic system that is responsible for emotions run through the olfactory cortex in the temporal lobe. |
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Definition
| Why do we have a strong emotional connection to scents? |
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Term
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Definition
| What structure links the two hemispheres together? |
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Term
| cerebrum, specifically frontal lobe |
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Definition
| What main brain part is responsible for your intelligence and personality? |
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Term
| Cerebrum (memory is stored all over the cerebral cortex in different lobes) |
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Definition
| What part of brain is responsible for retrieving and storing memory? |
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Term
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Definition
| What part of the brain controls the skeletal muscles? |
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Term
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Definition
| What lobe is the motor cortex in? |
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Term
| cerebrum or cerebral cortex |
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Definition
| What part of brain interprets sensory info.? |
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Term
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Definition
| Which hemisphere's strength is reading writing, math, logic, analysis, reasoning? |
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Term
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Definition
| During this phase of sleep the body does physical restoration and helps repair and reenergize the sk. muscles. |
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Term
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Definition
| Which hemisphere is dominant in most people? |
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Term
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Definition
| Which hemispheres specializes is spatial recognition, music, art, intuition |
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Term
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Definition
| What lobe is responsible for language, logic, planning, reasoning, problem solving? |
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Term
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Definition
| IN which lobe is the sensory cortex? |
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Term
| touch, pain, heat, pressure in skin |
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Definition
| What does the sensory cortex sense? |
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Term
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Definition
| Which stage is characterized by difficulty waking, brain "vacation" time, neuron repair |
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Term
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Definition
| Understanding speech is in which lobe? |
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Term
| Helps someone understand speech or words. |
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Definition
| What does Wernicke's area do? |
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Term
| Helps someone form words physically using their mouth and tongue |
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Definition
| What does Broca's area do? |
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Term
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Definition
| Which lobe has the olfactory and auditory cortex? |
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Term
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Definition
| IN which phase of sleep do neurons repair themselves? |
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Term
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Definition
| Which lobe stores memory of complex sensory info.? |
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Term
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Definition
| Which lobe is responsible for interpreting vision? |
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Term
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Definition
| Which stage of sleep is characterized by the following description? Eye movement stops, heart rate slows, and body temp. drops. |
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Term
| The outer layer of the brain that holds 75% of all neurons in the brain. It's grey b/c of all the cell bodies and dendrites there. |
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Definition
| What is the cerebral cortex? |
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Term
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Definition
| Area that interprets pain and aggression? |
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Term
| The brain needs to use the mouth and lips more frequently and with much more control than it does for the neck, so it needs more sensory input on which to make decisions. |
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Definition
| Why are the areas dedicated to sensory info. from the lips and mouth bigger than the area for the neck? |
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Term
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Definition
| Which stage of sleep fits this description? Drowsy, easily awakened, muscle activity slows down |
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Term
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Definition
| Which stage of sleep is characterized by a rise in your immune function? |
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Term
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Definition
| During which phase do your sk. muscles become paralyzed? |
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Term
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Definition
| In which stage of sleep do you process emotions, retain memories, and relieve stress? |
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Term
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Definition
| In which stage of sleep are we making new connections between neurons (learning)? |
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Term
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Definition
| In which stage of sleep do dreams occur? |
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Term
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Definition
| How many REM sleep cycles do DR.s reccommend that we have every night? |
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Term
| It helps to move short term memories into long term memories. |
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Definition
| How does the hippocampus help with memories? |
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Term
| long term memories form strong thick connections between neurons |
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Definition
| Why are some memories able to stay in your brain forever and others don't? |
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Term
| When the continuous impulse loop between the short term neurons comes to a stop. |
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Definition
| When does your working or short term memory end? |
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Term
| creating physical connections between neurons to form a memory |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| What are the grooves or valleys in the cerebral cortex? |
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Term
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Definition
| What are the bumps in the cerebral cortex? |
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