Term
| What are the building blocks of Proteins? |
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Definition
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Term
| What makes up a Nucleic Acid? |
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Definition
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Term
| What makes up a Nucleotide? |
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Definition
| Sugar, Base, and Phosphate Group |
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Term
| What are examples of nucleic acids? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Stores hereditary info. for making proteins |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What are some examples of Carbohydrates? |
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Definition
| Chitin, Starch, Glycogen, Cellulose |
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Term
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Definition
| Stores energy for PLANTS. |
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Term
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Definition
| Stores energy, supplies body with energy (humans/animals). |
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Term
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Definition
| A carbohydrate that makes up skeleton of insects and crustaceans. |
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Term
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Definition
| Carbohydrate that makes up plant cell walls. |
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Term
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Definition
| *organic compound *Made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen (CHO) *Source of energy |
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Term
| Monosaccharide/glucose/simple surgars |
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Definition
| Building blocks of carbohydrates |
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Term
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Definition
| sugar formed when 2 monosaccharides join |
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Term
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Definition
| Chains of 3 or more monosaccharides |
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Term
| What is the monomer of a Carbohydrate? |
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Definition
| Monosaccharides ( Glucose, Fructose ) |
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Term
| What type of organic molecule makes steroids, hormones and cell membranes? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are characteristics of an Organic Molecule? |
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Definition
| Lots of carbon and hydrogen, large molecule. |
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Term
| What are the building blocks/ monomers of Lipids? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is an Electron found? |
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Definition
| The outer shells or orbitals of an atom |
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Term
| What does the root POLY mean? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the root MACRO mean? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the three most abundant elements found in organisms? |
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Definition
| Carbon, Hydrodgen and Oxygen |
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Term
| What organic molecule do cells use to run their chemical reactions? |
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Definition
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Term
| What molecule makes cell walls of plants "sturdy" and the skins of apples tough? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Why is it good to eat cellulose? |
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Definition
| We can't digest it, so it makes us poop regularly. It gives us fiber. |
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Term
| What organic molecule does not dissolve in water? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are Fats and Oils used for? |
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Definition
| Long term energy storage, thermal insulation, and protection/cushioning |
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Term
| What do Lipid Steriods do? |
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Definition
| Make hormones (chemical messengers) |
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Term
| What do waxes do for plants? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are Phospholipids used for? |
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Definition
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Term
| What kind of fat comes from animals and is solid at room temperature? (Not good for you) |
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Definition
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Term
| What fat has one or more double bonds, comes from plants and is liquid at room temperature? (Good for you) |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the functions of Protein? |
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Definition
| Structural materials (hair, muscle, connective tissues) hormones (chemical messengers), enzymes to run chemical reactions, antibodies to fight infection |
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Term
| What does the protein Hemoglobin do? |
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Definition
| Carries oxygen on red blood cells |
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Term
| What do the protein Antibodies do? |
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Definition
| Attacks invading organisms in bodies. |
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Term
| What are hair, muscles, skin, and nails examples of? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are some examples of Protein polymers? |
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Definition
| Antibodies, hemoglobin, enzymes, muscle, cartilage, elastin, collagen, hair, nails |
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Term
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Definition
| Carries Oxygen on Red blood cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| Help Immune system attack invaders. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Food Digestion: Breakdown of large complex molecules |
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Term
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Definition
| Build up of Large Molecules |
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Term
| What determines a person's Metabolism? |
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Definition
| Sex, age, health, genetic background, temperature, activity demand |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Why do organisms need to eat? |
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Definition
To get energy to run chemical reactions; to get building blocks or monomers to build their own organic molecules.
Warm blooded animals also "burn" food to keep their bodies warm. |
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Term
| What are two factors that can denature an enzyme protein? |
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Definition
| The most common factors that denature enzymes are too high or low of pH and too high of a temperature. |
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Term
What are the five characteristics of living organisms? |
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Definition
1. made of cell(s)
2. they can reproduce
3. they grow and develop
4. they use and obtain energy
5. they respond to their environment |
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Term
| What are made up of cells? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where do all cells come from? |
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Definition
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Term
What is the name of the following biomolecule?
[image] |
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Definition
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Term
What is the following biomolecule?
[image]
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Definition
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Term
What is the following biomolecule?
[image] |
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Definition
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Term
What is the following biomolecule?
[image] |
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Definition
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Term
What is the following biomolecule?
[image] |
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Definition
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Term
What is the following biomolecule?
[image] |
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Definition
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Term
Is the following molecule organic or inorganic? Why?
NaCl |
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Definition
| inorganic because it does not contain C and H and is small |
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Term
Is the following molecule organic or inorganic? Why?
C6H12O6 |
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Definition
| organic because it contains C and H and is larger |
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Term
Is the following molecule inorganic or organic and why?
CO2 |
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Definition
| inorganic because it does not contain C and H and is small |
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Term
Is the following molecule inorganic or organic? Why?
[image] |
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Definition
| organic because it has C and H and is large |
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Term
| Name three functions of lipids. |
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Definition
| insulation, long term energy, protection of organs |
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Term
| Name three functions of carbohydrates. |
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Definition
| short term energy, build cells, physical structure |
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Term
Name 5 functions of proteins. |
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Definition
| carry oxygen in blood(hemoglobin), fight disease(antibodies), speed up chemical reactions(enzymes), gene expression(traits from DNA code), physical structure(hair, skin,nails), muscle contraction, regulate cell function (protein receptors), chemical messengers(hormones) |
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Term
| Name three functions of nucleic acids. |
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Definition
| useable energy for cells (ATP), genetic blueprint(DNA), protein synthesis (making of proteins)- DNA/RNA |
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Term
| What two biomolecules are primarily used for energy? |
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Definition
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Term
| Give three alternate names for a biomolecule. |
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Definition
| polymer, macromolecule, organic compound |
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Term
| Name 2 energy storage polysaccharides. |
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Definition
| starch(plants) and glycogen(animals) |
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Term
| Describe the relationship between monosaccharides and polysaccharides. Give an example. |
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Definition
many monosaccharides make up a polysaccharide
Example - many glucose molecules make up glycogen, starch, chitin, or cellulose |
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Term
| Name 2 polysaccharides used for physical structure. |
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Definition
| chitin(arthropods) and cellulose(plants) |
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Term
| Explain the relationship between monomers and polymers. |
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Definition
| monomers are small building blocks or single subunits that build a polymer when many monomers are bonded together |
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Term
| _______________ determines shape which determines function. |
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Definition
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Term
| If all carbohydrates are made up of monosaccharides, then what makes glycogen different from cellulose or starch? |
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Definition
| the sequence of the monosaccharides |
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Term
| If all proteins are made of amino acids, then what make collagen different from hemoglobin or antibodies? |
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Definition
| the sequence of amino acids |
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Term
| All living organisms must function within a narrow pH and temperature range. Maintaining this internal balance is called _______________. |
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Definition
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Term
| The order of the scientific method is |
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Definition
| problem, background, hypothesis, procedure, data collection and analysis, conclusion |
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Term
| What is an independent variable and what axis do you graph it on? |
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Definition
| the variable that you change, X axis |
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Term
| What is a dependent variable and what axis do you graph it on? |
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Definition
| the variable that you measure, y axis |
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Term
| What is a control group and what is its purpose? |
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Definition
| The group that is unchanged. It is used for comparison with the experimental group. |
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Term
| How many variables should we change in a lab? |
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Definition
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Term
| What makes an experiment more valid and accurate? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the difference between a hypothesis and a theory? |
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Definition
A hypothesis is an educated guess for one experiment. It has little evidence to back it up.
A theory is a large collection of many hypotheses that have been tested over a long period of time. A theory has a large amount of evidence to support it, and we are most certain of it. |
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Term
| What are the SPONCH elements that are found in lipids and carbohydates? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the SPONCH elements found in proteins? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the SPONCH elements found in nucleic acids? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is SPONCH and why is it important? |
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Definition
| SPONCH means sulfur phosphorus oxygen nitrogen carbon hydrogen. These are the most important elements in living organisms and they make up our organic compounds. |
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Term
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Definition
| Speed up or promotes chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy for that reaction. |
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Term
| What does "denature" mean? |
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Definition
| Destroy the original shape of a protein |
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Term
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Definition
| The molecule the enzyme binds with and acts on. |
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Term
| What is the active site of an enzyme? |
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Definition
| The location or site on the enzyme that binds to the substrate molecule. |
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Term
| What environmental factors can cause an enzyme to denature? |
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Definition
a change in pH outside of the optimal or narrow range
a change in temperature - typically boiling temperatures, freezing temperature usually do not denature an enzyme, they slow the enzyme way down |
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