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Whitworth Jazz of america
TEST 1
35
Music
Graduate
07/20/2015

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Term
Polyphony
Definition
describes music with at least two distinct and simultaneous melodic lines. Another name for a polyphonic texture is counter point.
Term
Ring SHout
Definition
Originally derived from African American religious practice, was a rhythmic dance performed in a circle.
Term
Cross Rhythm
Definition
refer to the performance of simultaneous and contrasting rhythms such as patterns with double and triple groupings. Also can be called poly rhythms.
Term
Ragtime
Definition
African American musical genre that flourished from the late 1890s through the mid 1910s and is based on constant syncopation in the right hand often accompanied by a steady march bass in the left hand.
Term
New Orleans Jazz OFTEN called Dixieland or Dixieland Jazz
Definition
Originated i the New Orleans and flourished in the late 1910s and 1920s. Often had a front line of trumpet or cornet, trombone or cornet, accompanied by rhythm section of piano, guitar and drums.
Term
Collective improvisation
Definition
Often applied to the simultaneous improving of the New Orleans )Dixieland) jazz ensemble.
Term
Crossover
Definition
Combines jazz or jazz values with other styles and music of other cultures.
Term
Free Jazz
Definition
Refers to the 1960s jazz sub style that over turned many of the traditional elements of the music. It's also known as avants garde and the New Thing
Term
Ghost bans
Definition
Are groups whose founding fathers have died but who continue to travel and work under new direction.
Term
Hard Bop
Definition
was a jazz movement of the 1950s that drew on the speed, intensity, and power of the bebop an sometimes married bop to gospel and blues-influenced music.
Term
Improvisation
Definition
Is the art of creating music spontaneously. The essence of jazz, it refers to a performance technique in which the improviser or soloist creates a melody that fits the form melody of the piece.
Term
Jazz Pedagogy
Definition
Compromises the methods and the philosophies of teaching students how to perform jazz.
Term
Jazz Repertory Movement
Definition
Refers to ensemble devoted to the re-creation and performance of the works of historically significant Jazz artists. Just as classical music has accepted repertory of great works trying to establish official cannon for jazz.
Term
Jazz Rock
Definition
A form of jazz that combines elements of rock (or R&B funk) and jazz. Also known as jazz-funk or fusion.
Term
MIDI
Definition
Is an acronym for Musical Instrument Digital Interference. This standard language allows computers to control synthesizers of samples.
Term
Creoles of Color
Definition
Were people of mixed black and white ancestry. Until the late nineteenth century, they enjoyed more freedom and were better edicated than the general black population.
Term
Minstrelsy
Definition
was a form of musical theater and variety show that flourished in the nineteenth century. Traveling troupes perfromed songs, dances, and skits based on caricatures of African Americans. Performed by both blacks and whites in blackfaces, minstrelsy is often considered the first distinctively US musical genre.
Term
Model jazz
Definition
A body of music that uses one or more of the following characteristics; model scales for improving slow harmonic rhythm, pedal paints and the absence of suppression of functional harmonic relationships. Jazz come from Miles Davis's recording kind of blue (1959) and the recordings of John Coltrane's classical quartet (1960-1964)
Term
Call and response
Definition
A solo vocalist sings one line (often improvised) and then a group responds. IN African traditions, the group tends to overlap the original solo part.
Term
Multiphonics
Definition
refers to a technique of responding of introducing more than one note at a time on a standard fingering and appropriate embouchure, the player produces a multiple "Chords" effect. The technique is difficult to control, may be strident and is generally associated with avant-grade playing.
Term
Motive
Definition
A short melodic fragment used as the basis for improvisation or development.
Term
Syncopation
Definition
The disruption of regular meter that occurs when the weaker notes of the designed meter receive unexpectedly stronger accents, as in the second and fourth beats in 4/4 meter receiving stronger accents.
Term
pros and cons of Mistrel
Definition
Pros: cakewalk started
deliver to the masses
Mississippi Delta-cities

CONS: stereotyping
Term
Maple Leaf Rag
Definition
Scott Joplin
Term
Creole clarinetist
Definition
Sidney Bechet
Term
Buddy Bolden
Definition
My band is considered by many to the first jazz band. I am the cornet player who could play so loud, "I could keep the rain fro falling to the ground." There are no recordings of my music only legends about my playing. I walked out on Mardi Gras and was committed to an asylum/ Who am I?
Term
Billie Holiday
Definition
I am the female jazz vocalist who sang the song " Strange Fruit" I had a tragic childhood and was addicted to heroin as an adult. I sang with The Count Basic Orchestra and with small groups at the Cafe Society. Who am I?
Term
Bix Beiderbecke
Definition
I am the cornet player from Davenport, Iowa who drank himself to an early death. I am considered the first great white jazz soloist. My solo was melodic and I was popular in the Chicago music scene. I will move to New York and be a featured soloist with the Paul Whiteman Orchestra. Who am I?
Term
Joe Oliver
Definition
I am the trumpet King who brought Louis Armstrong to Chicago to play with any Creole Orchestra. Who am I?
Term
Jelly Roll Morton
Definition
I am the New Orleans piano player who claims to have invented jazz. I am the first wo write down jazz compositions. I got my start playing in the bordellos of New Orleans. I told my grandmother I was a night watchman. Who am I?
Term
Congo Square
Definition
I am int eh area in New Orleans where slaves would gather on Sunday to sing and fance. I became a popular tourist attraction in the mid 1800's. I am now part of Louis Armstrong Park. Who am I?
Term
Storyville
Definition
I am the famous red light district of New Orleans where slaves would gather on Sunday to sing and dance. I am now part of Louis Armstrong Park. Who am I?
Term
Lil Hardin
Definition
I am the piano player in King Oliver's band who marries Louis Armstrong and helps to promote his career. I am a graduate of Fisk University and one of the most important musicians in Chicago. Who am I?
Term
Earl Hines
Definition
I am the piano player who will collaborate with Louis on some of the greatest recordings of the day. My style of playing will use "trumpet or horn like lines." This will influence piano players to follow. Who am I?
Term
Creole Swingers
Definition
Which was not a name for one of Louis Armstrong's bands?
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