Term
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Definition
| Provide CJ personnel with crucial info that can lead to the investigation, arrest, or conviction of law violators. |
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Term
| Degradation Ceremony - 11 |
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Definition
| A way to strip people of their respectable status. |
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Term
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Definition
| Businessman who committed illegal acts to maximize profit, all the while hiding behind a respectable and professional facade. |
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Term
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Definition
| One of the many terms used to give White Collar Crime a name. |
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Term
| Investigative Reporting - 25 |
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Definition
| Name for muckrakers during the 1970s. |
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Term
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Definition
| Reporters looking for dirt. Upton Sinclaire, The Jungle. |
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Term
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Definition
| Accidents that complex, modern technology produce. |
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Term
| Respectable Criminals - 10 |
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Definition
| Criminals that APPEAR respectable. Suit, tie, good job. Skimming money off the top. |
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Term
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Definition
| Criminals that were trusted. Professional businessmen. ETC. |
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Term
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Definition
| People who expose wrongdoings. Usually on the inside. |
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Term
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Definition
| Written documents, The bigger the crime, the more archival data. |
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Term
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Definition
| In depth study of a single case. |
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Term
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Definition
| Systematic analyzation to "find underlying forms and structures in social communication" |
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Term
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Definition
| Economic costs of white collar crime. |
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Term
| EVENT HISTORY ANALYSIS - 42 |
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Definition
| Looking back on events to try and find a correlation. |
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Term
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Definition
| Sethod of study exemplifying a scientific approach. RARELY used in WCC studies. Not successful. |
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Term
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Definition
| Takes place in real life, no controlled setting. |
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Term
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Definition
| Highly controlled, rarely, if at all, used in WCC. |
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Term
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Definition
| Allows researchers to observe, but in no way manipulate a real world situation. |
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Term
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Definition
| Looks at human traditions. Study through observation and qualitative methods. |
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Term
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Definition
| Higher taxes, increased cost of goods and higher insurance rates. All the result of WCC. |
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Term
| OBSERVATIONAL RESEARCH - 41 |
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Definition
| Involves direct observation of individuals. Very useful. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| WCC Physical Costs are usually worse than that of violent crimes. It includes death and injury due to pollution, unsafe work conditions and unsafe practices. |
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Term
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Definition
| Opposite of humanistic, they believe we can best study WCC through scientific means. |
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Term
| RESIDUAL ECONOMIC COST - 52 |
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Definition
| Loss of investor confidence, insider trading, corporate financial manipulations. |
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Term
| SECONDARY DATA ANALYSIS - 41 |
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Definition
| Much of WCC data is collected after the fact. As in not an experiment or observation, but looking at reports after cases have been closed. |
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Term
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Definition
| Much higher crime rates are revealed in self surveys than official data. |
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Term
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Definition
| Places blame on the businesses, painting them as big, greedy self-interested focused corporations. Similar to how rape victims are blamed for dressing provocatively. |
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Term
| VICTIMIZATION SURVEYS - 47 |
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Definition
| One in Three households reported to being victims of white collar crime. |
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Term
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Definition
| Cost/Benefit calculation, risk v.s. gain. |
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Term
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Definition
| Breakdown of guidelines for conventional behavior. Must have normalness to identify good from bad. |
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Term
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Definition
| Criminal justice system is controlled by rich and powerful. Laws are made to control the poor. |
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Term
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Definition
| What makes individuals or groups commit crimes. |
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Term
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Definition
| Process by which activities, entities and individuals become criminal. |
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Term
| DIFFERENTIAL ASSOCIATION - 235 |
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Definition
| Explains that criminal behavior is a learned trait. Usually by others with law-violating tendencies. |
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Term
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Definition
| A simple or borad theory. Sutherland stated that his differential theory was a general theory. |
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Term
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Definition
| Laws are vague, actions were economically beneficial, no victim, laws interfere with free enterprise, needs of stockholders. |
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Term
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Definition
| Criminal offenders plan out their violations. Weigh cost and benefits. |
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Term
| SOCIAL CONTROL THEORY - 234 |
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Definition
| Not why people break the low, but why doesn't everybody break the law? Answer is the people with strong ties to institutions (Family, school, church) are constrained from being delinquent. |
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