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| reducing sugars; turns orange-red |
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| uses standard solutions to quantify qualitative color results |
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| translucent spot appears on glazed paper |
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| live or fresh weight of an organism or tissue |
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| fixative; 45% aq; rapid; loss/distortion of proteins |
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| fixative; 3 parts 100% ethanol, 1 part glacial acetic acid; good for squashing |
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| fixative; single isolated cells; extreme distortion/unstable; doesn't extract any soluble molecules |
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| fixative; 5% aq; preserves proteins; rigid |
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| fixative; rapid/minimum distortion; instable (unless chemical fixation) |
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| fixative; rapidly frozen & then brought to room temperature; minimal distortion/movement; complex/rigid |
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| stain; basic dye in acid solution; stains acidic compounds |
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| stain; pH2 = protein stain; pH8 = histone stain |
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| triphenyl tetrazolium chloride |
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| VITAL stain; shows redox reaction |
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| phase contrast microscopy |
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| can provide contrast without stains |
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