Term
Match the vitamin with the characteristic seen in a deficiency state:
Vitamin A |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Match the vitamin with the characteristic seen in a deficiency state:
Vitamin B1 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Match the vitamin with the characteristic seen in a deficiency state:
Vitamin C |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Match the vitamin with the characteristic seen in a deficiency state:
Vitamin D |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Match the vitamin with the characteristic seen in a deficiency state:
Vitamin E |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Match the vitamin with the characteristic seen in a deficiency state:
Vitamin K |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Match the vitamin with the characteristic seen in a deficiency state:
Niacin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Match the vitamin with the characteristic seen in a deficiency state:
B12 / folate |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Vitamin D is necessary for the absorption of what mineral? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which vitamin is needed for prothrombin formation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What substance is necessary for vitamin B12 absorption? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What disease results as a deficiency of B12? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What test can be done to detect a deficiency of B12? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which vitamin is ascorbic acid? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which vitamin, when deficient, can lead to neural tube defects in a developing fetus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What test can be done on mom's serum to help detect this disorder? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the most common cause of IDA? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What protein marker is the best indicator of short-term malnutrition? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the relationship between absorbance and concentration? |
|
Definition
| Direct, as one increases so does the other. |
|
|
Term
| The absorbance of a 50 mg/dL standard reads 0.130. The absorbance on the patient's sample reads 0.116. What is the concentration of the patient's sample? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The absorbance of a 50 mg/dL standard reads 0.130. The absorbance on the patient's sample reads 0.116. How do you determine the concentration of the patient's sample? |
|
Definition
| (0.116/0.130) x 50 = 44.6 |
|
|
Term
| What part of a spectrophotometer isolates a specific wavelength? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What are the following considered:
Scratches, dust, and open compartment door, cracks in the instrument housing. |
|
Definition
| Causes of stray light in a spectrophotometer |
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of using blanks? |
|
Definition
| To subtract out any absorbance caused by unusual reagent or sample color (lipemia, icteric, hemolysis) |
|
|
Term
| What is the light source used in atomic absorption spectrophotometry? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the primary use of AA spectrophotometry? |
|
Definition
| To measure trace elements and metals |
|
|
Term
| What are the advantages of using chemiluminescence? |
|
Definition
| Higher sensitivity, lower detections limits, fewer instrument requirements |
|
|
Term
| Name 2 commonly used chemiluminescent labels |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the two electrodes used in an ISE system? |
|
Definition
| Reference and Indicator (sample) |
|
|
Term
| List the most common uses/applications of ISE in the lab |
|
Definition
| Electrolytes, ionized Ca, pH |
|
|
Term
| What is the difference between direct ISE and indirect ISE? |
|
Definition
| Direct uses undiluted sample, Indirect uses pre-diluted sample |
|
|
Term
| How can high levels of protein or lipids affect sodium values when using indirect ISE? |
|
Definition
| It can cause false decreased sodium |
|
|
Term
| List the most common uses of gas-sensing electrodes in the lab |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What mode of chromatography separation is commonly used to make deionized water? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the mobile phase in thin-layer chromatography (TLC)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the stationary phase in thin-layer chromatography (TLC)? |
|
Definition
| Silica gel on a rigid plate |
|
|
Term
| What are the most common uses of TLC in the lab? |
|
Definition
| Drug screens (L/S ratios – outdated) |
|
|
Term
| What is retention factor used in? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how is retention factor useful? |
|
Definition
| Compares distance an unknown moves to the distance of the solvent front |
|
|
Term
| What term (in HPLC) describes the time required for a compound to elute? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the name of the graph that shows each eluted compound? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the most common use of HPLC? |
|
Definition
| Drugs screens and drug ID |
|
|
Term
| What is the mobile phase in gas chromatography? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of compounds can be analyzed by gas chromatography? |
|
Definition
| Any compound that can be converted to a volatile (gaseous) state |
|
|
Term
| What is the most common use of gas chromatography? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the principle of GC/Mass spec? |
|
Definition
| Eluted compounds are bombarded by electrons to break them into ions and ion fragments, then a mass charge ration is determined. |
|
|
Term
| What methodology is the most specific for drug confirmation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Define the following:
Mode |
|
Definition
| Most common value in a set |
|
|
Term
Define the following:
Mean |
|
Definition
| The average value in a set |
|
|
Term
Define the following:
Control |
|
Definition
| Substance treated exactly as a patient sample; detects analytic errors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Define the following:
Delta check |
|
Definition
| Comparison of a patient result with a previous result |
|
|
Term
Define the following:
Diagnostic sensitivity |
|
Definition
| Proportion of persons with a disease who test positive |
|
|
Term
Define the following:
Diagnostic specificity |
|
Definition
| Proportion of persons without disease who test neg. |
|
|
Term
Define the following:
Analytical sensitivity |
|
Definition
| Represents the smallest concentration that a test can measure |
|
|
Term
| The mean for a particular analyte is 100 mg/dl. 1 SD is 5. What are the confidence limits for this analyte? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The mean for a particular analyte is 100 mg/dl. 1 SD is 5. How would you determine the confidence limits for this analyte? |
|
Definition
2SD = 10
100 + 10 = 110
100 - 10 = 90 |
|
|
Term
| Ideally, how many samples should be tested when establishing a new reference range? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many samples should be tested when verifying a reference range? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What are the following characteristic of:
Temperature fluctuations, tech error, bubble, scratch |
|
Definition
| Possible causes of random error |
|
|
Term
What are the following characteristic of:
Bad reagents, failing instruments, poor calibration |
|
Definition
| Possible causes of systematic error |
|
|
Term
| Name a common reason for calculating a CV |
|
Definition
To compare two methods for the same substance that have different reporting units;
To compare performance of two techs |
|
|
Term
| The mean for a certain analyte is 210. 1 SD is 10. What is the CV? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The mean for a certain analyte is 210. 1 SD is 10. How would you determine what the CV is? |
|
Definition
CV = (1SD/mean) x 100
10/210 x 100 |
|
|
Term
| What is the primary purpose of performing linear regression analysis? |
|
Definition
| To compare a current, older method or machine with a new incoming method/machine |
|
|
Term
| John Doe’s 6:00 am potassium was 3.1 mEq/L. Another sample was collected and tested at 9:00 am with a result of 7.5 mEq/L. This prompted a QC “flag” which is often referred to as a _____ ______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the possible repercussion if a lab fails to pass, and then fails to verify an incorrect result on a proficiency sample? |
|
Definition
| The department may not be allowed to perform/report that test until remediation and better results are obtained. |
|
|
Term
| What Westgard rule is in violation when 1 control is OK, but the second control is outside the 3 SD range? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of error does this Westgard "rule" best identify? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Although control values have been in range, the tech observes that 7 consecutive control data points have fallen below the mean. What do we call this phenomenon? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A Precision Study is going to be run on a new test method. How many controls should be run? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A Precision Study is going to be run on a new test method. How frequently should they be run? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the name of the process designed to reduce time and errors in an effort to achieve excellence in performance? |
|
Definition
|
|
