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Mesopotamia --what does it mean?
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between the rivers”—Tigris and Euphrates |
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List the mesopotamian power "bigs" starting with sumer
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Sumer, Akkad, Lagash, Babylon, Assyria
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Carved Vase, Uruk (Warka), Made of alabaster. found in the temple complex of the Sumerian goddess Inanna in the ruins of the ancient city of Uruk 3500-3000 bce
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scaling and arrangement of levels where the largest and highest areas represent people w/ most power-importance
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Nanna ziggurat, Ur, c.2100-2050 bce, made of baked clay This ziggurat was erected to the moon god Nanna. the temple was on the top. this is like a fake mountain for a flat land
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Votive statues, Eshnunna, c.2900-2600 bce, limestone, alabaster votive statues are statues of prayer. thes were set up by worshipers --portraits of themselves
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| Cuneiform writing originated in southern Mesopotamia, and was created in the Sumerian culture, in order to write in the Sumerian language. Later it was used for Akkadian, Babylonian and Assyrian. Cuneiform developed into the dominant writing style of the Middle East, and even spread to Egypt, where hieroglyphic writing was normally preferred. |
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a blunt reed The impressions left by the stylus were wedge shaped |
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Stele of Naramsin 2254-2218, bce, limestone narmasa is akkadian. his father- sargon had much military power. Naramsa used art to gain power. this shows Naramsa ascending to show power. walking on dead enemies. |
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Votive statue of Gudea, Lagash, c.2120, bce, diorite akked was taken over by lagash. Lagas was not as militaristic. Leader was priest king. His name was Gudea. Gesture resembles peacful Sumerians
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Stele of Hammurabi, Susa, c.1792-1750 bce, basalt Babylonians unite Sumer. They annex much land. Hammurabi makes steles to peacefully show power. that he is with a god. The stele is made of Dirite. very hard. it has laws on it. |
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Human-Headed Winged Lion (Lamassu) Palace of Assurnisirpal II, 883-859 bce limestone very large. 10'2 ace is believed to be a portrait of the king, Ashurnasirpal II. His cap indicates his divine status
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Assurbanipal and His Queen in the Garden, from the Palace at Nineveh, c.647 bce, alabaster kind and queen in a pleasure garden. this is a victory celebration. the king took off his necklace and wapons. Head of enemy hangs on a tree
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Lower Egypt things about it....
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Nile delta, Giza, Saqqara symbolized by the papyrus, “red crown” |
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Karnak (temple city), Thebes, Valley of the Kings, symbolized by lotus, “white crown” |
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Egyptian dynasty orders. list them
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early dynastic old kingdom new kingdom amarna period |
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Palette of Narmer has hieratic scale. little men crayying shoes of king. suggests ritual act. 3000 bce. on slate. front has him showing crown of upper egypt. back has crown of lower egypt. has falcon head God--HORUS |
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Falcon head god of the Sky
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square grid of which art was to be made (egyptian). corresponds to old kingdom guidelines
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Djoser’s Funerary Complex, Saqqara, 2667-2648 bce
had a racetrack for the afterlife. it had columns that resembled reed. |
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| A hidden chamber in a tomb from which the deceased could view the rituals of his cult. |
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| Sed' is the Egyptian name for the king's royal jubilee |
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Great Pyramids, Giza, c. 2601-2515 bce. Menkaure, Khafre, Khufu Granite and Limestone |
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| stone container for a coffin or body |
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Khafra 2500 bce, diorite statue has headress- shows kings power + beard. on a throne w/ papyrus. Falcon--brother god of Pharoah.
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Menkaure and His Wife, c. 2500 bce, graywacke with traces of red and black paint have striding poses. |
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Funerary Temple of Hatshepsut, c.1473-1458 bce She took newphew's spot (Thutmose name of brother and son). She gets her lover to design the temple. makes temple out of cliffside. Pyramids were getting obsolete. Very Axial- no options- leads to one point.
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Great Temple of Amun, Karnak, 1295-1186 bce vast column filled space. |
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| architecture, interior space whose roof rests on pillars or columns. The word means literally “under pillars,” and the design allows for the construction of large spaces—as in temples, palaces, or public buildings—without the need for arches |
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| a part of a building whose walls rise higher than the roofs of adjoining parts of the structure |
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tops of columns shaped like lotus buds
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Funerary Mask of Tutankhamun, c.1327 bce, gold, glass, semiprecious stones |
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Inner Coffin of Tutankhamun, c.1336-1327 bfce, gold, glass, semiprecious stones |
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Akhenaten and His Family, c.1348-1336 bce, limestone |
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Queen Nefertiti, c.1348-1336 bce limestone |
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