Term
| structural adjustment program |
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Definition
| A(n) ____ is designed to change the structure of an economy to make it work better. |
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| The loss of all vegetation in an area following a drought is called ____. |
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| Belief in the spirits of the dead is known as ____. |
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| An area of lakes, creeks, and swamps away from the ocean is a(n) ____. |
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| A(n) ____ flees his or her country to escape danger. |
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| Food for grazing animals is called ____. |
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| A(n) ____ is a soldier who is hired to fight. |
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| When overharvested land is stripped of its trees, the process is called ____. |
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| To ____ is to exchange goods without the use of money. |
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| A(n) ____ is a sudden, violent takeover of a government. |
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| A(n) ____ is a dividing ridge between two basins. |
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Definition
| Most of the Sahel countries are ____, or cut off from the sea. |
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Definition
| A farmer practices ____ when he prepares new farmland to replace fields in which soil has been exhausted. |
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Definition
| The belief that ordinary things in nature contain gods or spirits is called ____. |
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Term
| World Bank and International Monetary Fund |
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Definition
| The ____ and the ____ are agencies of the United Nations that give loans to countries for development projects. |
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Term
| trade link between the Mediterranean coast and the rest of Africa. |
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Definition
| Why was the Sahel’s location important to the early empire of Ghana? |
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Term
| overgrazing by animals, deforestation, desertification caused by drought |
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Definition
| What 3 things have contributed to the environmental destruction of the Sahel? |
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Term
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Definition
| What two rivers and their tributaries provide transportation and water for irrigation in the Sahel? |
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Term
| wetter climate and access to the sea |
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Definition
| What two advantages do the coastal countries of West Africa have over the Sahel countries? |
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Term
| They have learned that their governments alone can do little to improve economic conditions. |
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Definition
| Why have the people of West Africa started to work at the local level to help their economies? |
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Term
| a fall in oil prices on the world market |
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Definition
| What was the cause of the military overthrow of Nigeria’s government in the 1980s? |
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Term
| Religious tensions between Christians and Muslims |
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Definition
| Which of the following is a continuing problem in Nigeria? |
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Term
| a shared currency, which is used throughout the region. |
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Definition
| Central African countries are tied together by |
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Term
| a major center of Islamic learning and culture |
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Definition
| What kind of city was Tombouctou, the capital of the Mali empire, during the reign of Mansa Musa? |
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Term
| Overgrazing has destroyed the plants that hold the soil in place. |
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Definition
| What effect has the herding of animals had on the Sahel? |
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Term
| The cost of the regions imports exceeds the value of its exports. |
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Definition
| What is a major reason for the failure of West Africa’s coastal countries to create successful economies? |
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Term
| Women help grow crops and run local markets. |
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Definition
| What role do West African women play in the region’s economy? |
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Term
| wiped out farming, killed cattle, causes starvation,famine, and forced many people to flee to cities. |
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Definition
| How does drought and desertification in the Sahel affect the inhabitants of the region. |
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Term
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Definition
| How do rain forests help to prevent the greenhouse effect? |
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Term
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Definition
| The ____ like many African peoples, believe that if children respect and honor them after death, they will live on in the spirit world |
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Definition
When a drought hits the Sahel region, desertification increases and people flee to the cities, turning them into
huge ____________ |
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