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Week1CS271
flashcards from week 1 CS271
63
Computer Science
Undergraduate 2
06/27/2014

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Term
Register that controls current state of the machine
Definition
control register
Term
register that indicates state of operation(error, overflow, etc)
Definition
status register
Term
register that holds address of memory location currently referenced
Definition
MAR (memory address register)
Term
register that holds data being sent to or retreived from the memory address in the MAR
Definition
MDR(memory data register)
Term
register that holds memory address of next instruction
Definition
IP (instruction pointer)
Term
register that holds current machine instruction
Definition
IR (instruction register)
Term
registers for calculations and comparisons
Definition
ALU (arithmetic logic unit) contains Operand_1, Operand_2, and Result
Term
Register used for fast temporary storage
Definition
general register
Term
Broad class of computer architectures that use the stored program model
Definition
VonNeumann architecture
Term
type of register used for arithmatic and data movement
Definition
General purpose register
Term
register automatically used by multiplication and division instructions
Definition
EAX
Term
the cpu uses what register for a loop counter?
Definition
ECX
Term
Register that accesses data on the stack. Often called the "extended stack pointer register"
Definition
ESP
Term
Registers used for high speed memory transfer instructions. Sometimes called "extended source index" and extended destination index" registers
Definition
ESI and EDI
Term
Register used by high level languages to reference function paramters and local variables on the stack. Often called "extended frame pointer" register
Definition
EBP
Term
Type of 16b register that holds pointers to segment descriptor tables in protected mode
Definition
Segment registers
Term
Register tRegister that consists of individual binary bits that control the operation of the CPU or reflect the outcome of some CPU operation
Definition
EFLAGS (or just "Flags")
Term
This reflects the outcomes of arithmetic and logical operations performed by the CPU
Definition
status flags
Term
This flag is set when the result of an unsigned arithmetic operation is too large to fit into the destination
Definition
Carry flag-CF
Term
This flag is set when the result of a signed arithmetic operation is too large or too small to fit into the destination
Definition
The overflow flag-OF
Term
This flag is set when the result of an arithmetic or logical operation generates a negative result
Definition
the sign flag-SF
Term
This flag is set when the result of an arithmetic or logical operation generates a result of 0
Definition
The Zero flag-ZF
Term
This flag is set when an arithmetic operation causes a carry from bit 3 to bit 4 in an 8 bit operand
Definition
Auxiliary carry flag-AC
Term
This flag is set if the least significant byte in the result contains an even number of 1 bits. Otherwise it is clear. In general, it is used for error checking when there is a possibility that data might be altered or corrupted.
Definition
Parity flag-PF
Term
This type of 64 bit register is designed to improve the performance of advanced multimedia and communications applications.
Definition
MMX registers. They support SIMD instructions(single instuction, multiple data)
Term
These 128 bit registers are used to stream SIMD extensions to the instruction set
Definition
XMM registers
Term
This set of registers performs floating point arithmatic
Definition
floating point unit (FPU)
Term
How many floating point registers are there and what are they called?
Definition
8, ST(0), ST(1), ST(2), ST(3), ST(4), ST(5), ST(6), ST(7)
Term
Made up of an optional leading sign, one or more digits, and an optional suffix character (radix) that indicates the number's base
Definition
integer constant
Term
What base is an integer constant assumed to be, if there is no radix?
Definition
decimal
Term
A hexidecimal constant must be preceded with what to avoid being interpreted as an identifier?
Definition
a leading zero
Term
A command embedded in source code that is recognized by assembler but not executed at runtime.
Definition
Directive
Term
This directive tells the assembler to reserve space in the program for a doubleword variable
Definition
DWORD
Term
This directive identifies the area of a program containing variables.
Definition
.DATA
Term
This directive identifies the area of a program containing executable instructions
Definition
.CODE
Term
This directive identifies the area of a program holding the runtime stack, setting its size
Definition
.STACK (eg: ".stack 100h")
Term
Statement that becomes executable when a program is assembled
Definition
instruction
Term
What are the four basic parts of an instruction?
Definition
Label, Instruction mnemonic, Operand(s), Comment
Term
Identifier that acts as a place marker for instructions and data
Definition
Label
Term
What does a label placed just before an instruction imply?
Definition
the instruction's address
Term
What does a label placed just before a variable imply?
Definition
The variable's address
Term
Type of label that identifies the location of a variable, providing a convenient way to reference the variable in code
Definition
data label(eg: "count DWORD 100")
Term
A label in the code area of a program must end with what?
Definition
a colon ":"
Term
What do you call a short word that identifies an instruction?
Definition
instruction mnemonic
Term
Assembly language instructions have how many operands?
Definition
between 0 and 3
Term
How many types of operands?
Definition
4, Constant, constant expression, Register, Memory
Term
In a two-operand instruction, the first operand is called what?
Definition
The destination
Term
Directive that marks the beginning or a procedure
Definition
PROC
Term
What procedure shows the output of all registers?
Definition
DumpRegs
Term
What are the three main segments of a program?
Definition
code, data, and stack
Term
What is the preferred capitalization style for keywords?
Definition
all lowercase
Term
What is the preferred capitalization style for constants?
Definition
all capital
Term
what is the preferred capitalization style for identifiers?
Definition
mixed case
Term
How many bytes is a DWord?
Definition
4
Term
What type of statement sets aside storage in memory for a variable?
Definition
data definition statement
eg: "count DWORD 12345"
Term
All data definitions must have at least 1 what?
Definition
initializer;
Term
What is the exception to the rule that byte values must be separated by commas?
Definition
Strings
Term
What operator allocates storage for multiple data items, using a constant expression as a counter?
Definition
DUP
Term
What is created by associating an identifier with an integer expression or some text?
Definition
a symbolic constant: does not reserve storage; used only by the assembler when scanning a program; cannot change at runtime.
Term
What directive associates a symbol name with an integer expression
Definition
equal sign directive
Term
What character is used for the current location counter? It returns the offset associated with the current program statement.
Definition
$
Term
What is the directive which associates a symbolic name with an integer expression or some arbitrary text?
Definition
EQU
Term
Which directive creates a text macro?
Definition
TEXTEQU
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