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| type of user interface that is text-based rather than GUI based |
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| thumbnail picture on computer desktop representing applications, links, folders, etc |
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| symbol in command line interface indicating that the computer is ready to receive a command. In DOS, it would appear as C:\ > |
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| disk operating system; 1981 by IBM |
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| mini-applications providing a variety of services such as clock, web-access, etc |
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| a pane of the desktop containing gadgets |
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| pop-up menu of programs and folders to access, search or adjust |
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| typically bottom bar on desktop for launching or monitor running applications |
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| refers to the newer 64-bit CPUs |
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| refers to older CPU names ending in 86 such as 386, 486, 586 |
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| containers holding sub-folders and/or files. In Windows are called "folders" |
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| containers holding sub-folders and/or files. In DOS are called "directories" |
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| user-defined collections of folders that act as a logical representation of the user's content. |
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| primary window for adjusting hardware and user inferface settings in Windows |
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| left hand portion of Task Bar allowing fast launching of popular applications |
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| aka: Notification Area = right hand portion of Task Bar showing programs running in the background |
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a logical structure on a hard disk specifying:
1. whether the drive is bootable
2. how many drive letters the hard disk contains
3. whether any of the hard disk's capacity is reserved for future other use |
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| 1995 = 32-bit file allocation table |
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| new technology file system |
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| encrypting File System = NTFS feature allowing data to be stored in encrypted form so, no password, no access! |
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1. file creation
2. file naming
3. file attributes
4. compression
5. encryption
6. file permissions
7. file types |
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| aka: batch file = series of commands that are processed in sequence |
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| binary executable file that is always launched first |
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| names given to files and folders |
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| portion of file name after the dot describing the type of file such as .docx or .exe |
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| long file name = filenames up to 255 characters but cannot contain special symbols such as \, /, :, *, ?, ", <, >, | |
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| in close proximity without actually touchhing, near, adjacent, touching |
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| Windows tool to regain lost read/write performance due to pieces of files being distributed in a non-contiguous fashion throughout the HD |
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| program used to check disk drives for errors |
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| command for re-creating a specified file system on a floppy, or HD or removable media |
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| utility providing useful real-time look at running programs |
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| utility providing log files for determining what went wrong during routine use |
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| utility providing option of resetting computer's configurations back to an earlier time |
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| manufactured and sold only by the owner of the patent, formula, brand name, or trademark associated with the product |
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| Metadata summarizes basic information about data, which can make finding and working with particular instances of data easier. For example, author, date created and date modified and file size are examples of very basic document metadata. |
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| Most PCs are configured as basic disks for simple management. A basic disk uses primary partitions, extended partitions, and logical drives to organize data. A formatted partition is also called a volume (the terms volume and partition are often used interchangeably). In this version of Windows, basic disks can have either four primary partitions or three primary and one extended partition. The extended partition can contain multiple logical drives (up to 128 logical drives are supported). The partitions on a basic disk cannot share or split data with other partitions. Each partition on a basic disk is a separate entity on the disk. |
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| mainly for advanced users and IT professionals, dynamic disks are more versatile than a basic disk because you can span two physical drives into a single logical drive, create striped or mirrored arrays, and adjust the size of a partition. Dynamic disks can contain a large number of dynamic volumes (approximately 2000) that function like the primary partitions used on basic disks. In some versions of Windows, you can combine separate dynamic hard disks into a single dynamic volume (called spanning), split data among several hard disks (called striping) for increased performance, or duplicate data among several hard disks (called mirroring) for increased reliability. |
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| the 'kernel' is the central component of most computer operating systems; it is a bridge between applications and the actual data processing done at the hardware level. The kernel's responsibilities include managing the system's resources (the communication between hardware and software components). |
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| selected areas of RAM holding information and data waiting to be transferred to or from an I/O device such as a modem |
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| selection element of a dialog box allowing user to choose desired option |
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| starting a computer after power has been turned off |
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| small piece of software that enables the OS to communicate with peripheral devices such as keyboard, monitor, mouse, printer, modem, etc. |
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| temporary window allowing user to enter information or select options |
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| aka: pull-down menu displayed when user selects one of the highest level command options such as FILE or INSERT or VIEW or etc |
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| an OS program that maintains a record of all stored files and their locations allowing users to quickly locate and retrieve files |
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| operating system = most important piece of software in a PC |
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1. provides user interface: either GUI or Command Line Interface
2. manages main memory or RAM
3. manages file system
4 manages hardware: configuring and controlling peripheral devices
5. monitors system performance |
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| a standard or foundation around which software is developed such as Windows, Mac OS and Linux |
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| buffer within a printer holding a document until the printer is ready |
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| one or two word identification label reinforcing the meaning of an icon |
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| horizontal bar at top of a window showing the name of the tiem or program in the displayed window |
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| restarting a computer while the power is still on |
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| logical portion of HD that can contain several logical drives each with a drive letter |
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| aka: FAT-16 = file allocation table = file system originally designed for floppy disks but adapted for HDs. |
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| logical portion of HD containing only 1 drive letter and can be made active = bootable. Only one primary partition can be active. |
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