Term
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Definition
| Monitored robot with pressure or tactile sensors and vision or hearing capabilities. |
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| 3 Components of Monopolar Mode |
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Definition
| Generator, active electrode, and patient return. Capable of changing frequencies which can be used to cut and coagulate |
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Definition
| Autonomous or insect robot. |
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Definition
| Alternating Current. Describes the flow of current that reverses direction periodically; one cycle is called a hertz |
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| A procedure to treat atrial fibrillation. It uses small burns or freezes heart cells to cause some scarring on the inside of the heart. This helps break up or insulate the electrical signals that cause irregular heartbeats. |
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Definition
| The metal which is used to make electrochemical cells. Easily oxidized/reduced. Actively participates in chemical reactions. Used in electroplating |
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Definition
| The way we measure the flow of electrical charge |
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Term
| An electrical circuit is composed of... |
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Definition
| Power, conductor, load and a switch |
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Definition
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Definition
| What all matter consists of |
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Definition
| Works independently without supervision by human controllers or an overseeing computer |
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Definition
| Message can be sent to multiple people, but no one sees who else got the message. |
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Definition
| An example of Direct Current |
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Definition
| Ability to determine the direction from which sound is coming. 2 sound receivers are necessary. |
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Term
| Bipolar Electrosurgical Unit |
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Definition
| The mode of delivery used for neurological cases that does not require a dispersive electrode |
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Definition
| Occurs when an alternating current travels from the active electrode, through intact insulation, and into the skin. |
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Term
| Cartesian (rectangular) Coordinate Geometry |
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Definition
| System used for graphing mathematical functions in which the axes are always perpendicular to each other. |
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Term
| Cavitron Ultrasonic Surgical Aspirator (CUSA) |
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Definition
| Device that uses high frequency sound waves that create imploding bubbles to fragment and emulsify tumor tissue and leave vascular structures intact. |
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Term
| Central Processing Unit (CPU) |
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Definition
| Brains of the computer that coordinates the operations of the computer. |
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Definition
| The path that electricity travels from the energy source to a device and then back to the energy source. |
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Term
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Definition
| Component of the electrical circuit that automatically opens (breaks) the flow of electrons (circuit) in cases of power overload or a short in the circuit to prevent potential for fire. |
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Definition
| The collimated light waves travel in the same direction and in phase with each other, increasing the its amplitude and power. |
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Definition
| Waves are parallel to each other and do not spread out (diverge) as they travel away from their source. |
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Definition
| Emphasizes the importance of using the highest safe wattage for the shortest time possible to keep damage to the adjacent tissue to a minimum. |
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Term
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Definition
| Materials that allow the free flow of electrons |
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Definition
| The most common conductor |
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Term
| Creators of the first ES generator were... |
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Definition
| William T. Bovie PhD and Harvey Cushing MD in 1926 |
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Term
| Cylindrical Coordinate Geometry |
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Definition
| A plane coordinate system and elevation in conjunction with a robotic arm. |
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Definition
| Direct Current. Components are a source (like a battery), conductor, control device (switch), and load (lightbulb). |
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Definition
| An independent joint that can provide freedom of movement for the manipulator, either in rotational or translational (linear) sense. Every geometric axis that a joint can rotate around or extend along is a single ° |
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Term
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Definition
| Articulated arm, fixed optical array or fiber. |
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Term
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Definition
| Occurs when high voltage breaks down an insulating material, such as sterile gloves. It can produce a hole and cause a burn. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| ElectroSurgical Unit. A sterile disposable item that includes a generator, foot pedals, cords, pencil shaped device (active electrode) with a removable metal tip and the patient return electrode. |
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Term
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Definition
| The movement of free electrons |
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Term
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Definition
| The principles that govern behavior of electrons that serve to help explain electricity; this theory serves as the basis for design of all electrical equipment |
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Term
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Definition
| Tiny atomic particles that have a negative charge that travel around a nucleus in concentric paths called shells or orbits |
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Term
| Electrosurgery typically reduces... |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Excitation with electrical energy, chemical energy, or flash lamps. |
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Term
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Definition
| Refers to the precision of the laser beam and consists of 3 properties: spot size, watts, joules and time; a measurement of joules is divided by square centimeters. |
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Term
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Definition
| Electrons moving in the outer orbits and are less attracted to the nucleus; these will speed up and leave the atom if exposed to light, heat, or electric energy. |
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Definition
| The number of wave cycles per second |
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Term
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Definition
| Devices that convert mechanical energy (from steam or water) into electric energy; turbines |
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Term
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Definition
| The patient return electrode |
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Term
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Definition
| One alternating current cycle |
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Term
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Definition
| Stores information internally. |
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Term
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Definition
| Any computer device that can be touched, manipulated, or handled |
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Term
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Definition
| A large room designed to accommodate advanced technology components that enable surgeons to perform highly complex procedures efficiently and under optimal conditions. |
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Term
| In the US we use a frequency of.. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Must Cite Author/Source and be validated by multiple reputable sources |
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Term
| Instrument insulation failure can cause... |
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Definition
| Unintended and potentially unrecognized burns |
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Term
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Definition
| The act of blowing something into a body cavity |
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Term
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Definition
| A material in which electric current does not flow freely. Inhibitor of electricity |
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Term
| Iron, nickel and cobalt are... |
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Definition
| Naturally occurring magnetic substances |
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Term
| Isolated power systems (IPS) |
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Definition
| Frequently used to monitor power overloads and prevent potential fires caused by faulty equipment or excess electrical current usage. |
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Term
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Definition
| The SI (international systems) unit of work or energy, equal to the work done by a force of one Newton when its point of application moves one meter in the direction of action of the force, equivalent to 1/3600 of a watt/hr. |
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Term
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Definition
| Light Amplification by the Stimulated Emission of Radiation. Refers to the process of converting some form of energy into light energy |
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Term
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Definition
| Contains the medium with mirrors at either end. |
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Term
| Laser beam characteristics |
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Definition
| Monochromatic; collimated; fluence; coherent |
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Term
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Definition
| Absorption, reflection, transmission and scattering. |
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Term
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Definition
| Blue or green light beam; travels through clear fluid/tissues; useful for ophthalmic (diabetic) retinopathy or cystoscopy (bladder tumor) surgery; absorbed by hemoglobin |
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Term
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Definition
| Most common; least expensive; gas medium; invisible beam; articulated mirror/lens delivery system requires care; used in all surgery except clear fluid environments; absorbed by water. |
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Term
| Lasers: Electromagnetic Spectrum |
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Definition
| Radio waves, microwaves, infrared waves, visible light, ultraviolet light X-rays, and gamma rays. |
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Term
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Definition
| Shallow depth of penetration; used for dermabrasion. used for reepithelialization. |
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Term
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Definition
| Neodymium yttrium-aluminum-garnet; Solid crystal medium; invisible beam; useful in clear fluid environments; requires cooling system; fiber system delivery with contact or noncontact fibers; tips require careful handling. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The device that uses electricity to perform some type of function |
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Term
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Definition
| The device that uses electricity to perform some type of function; it can also change the amount of energy that is delivered from the power source |
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Term
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Definition
| Minimally Invasive Surgery |
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Term
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Definition
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
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Term
| Magnets in generators do what? |
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Definition
| These spin inside when a force (such as water, coal, wind) is applied and this produces and electric current. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The total of all protons, neutrons and electrons within an object |
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Term
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Definition
| Anything that occupies space and has mass. |
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Term
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Definition
| Facilitates internet connections. |
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Term
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Definition
| Screen that displays output of computer |
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Term
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Definition
| Photons that compose the light are all of the same color or wavelength. |
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Term
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Definition
| The arrow that is used to move the cursor, select commands, navigate the screen, and scroll through documents |
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Term
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Definition
| Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery |
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Term
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Definition
| Grounding pad, patient disbursement. Should be placed as close to the surgical site as possible without obstructing access. |
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Term
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Definition
| Particles that represent a quantum of light or other electromagnetic radiation. Carries energy proportional to the radiation frequency but has zero rest mass. |
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Term
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Definition
| Using materials found on the Internet, books, articles, etc. without crediting the author and citing the source. |
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Term
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Definition
| Vacuumed out tube with little air with some other elements that gets electrified by a high voltage to excite the atoms causing them to glow. |
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Term
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Definition
| An alternative to transurethral resection or ablation techniques for treatment of benign prostatic hypertrophy utilizes a combination of bipolar current and plasma technology to create a thin layer of highly ionized particles that vaporize tissue without having to make direct contact. |
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Term
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Definition
| Three pronged; first prong positive, second prong negative and third prong is for grounding |
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Term
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Definition
| Presence of air or gas in the abdominal cavity |
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Term
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Definition
| The opposite sides of a magnet. One is positive and one is negative. |
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Term
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Definition
| "The rate at which work is done". Measured in Watts and to facilitate usage, Watts are converted to kilowatts. |
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Term
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Definition
| The rate at which work is done. |
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Term
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Definition
| Positively charged particles in the nucleus of the atom. |
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Term
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Definition
| The restriction of the flow of electrons |
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Term
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Definition
| Ability to differentiate between two objects. |
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Term
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Definition
| Consists of a small square with adhesive on the bottom for attachment to the drapes and a rough sandpaper surface used for scraping the tip to remove charred debris. |
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Term
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Definition
| The result of low humidity. |
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Term
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Definition
| When the angle of the reflection is equal to the angle of the oncoming light, thereby maintaining the beam; used when the beam is reflected off a laser mirror to direct it toward hard-to-reach tissues or areas |
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Term
| Static charge is often... |
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Definition
| The result of high humidity |
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Term
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Definition
| The device used to open or close a circuit and controls the flow of electricity. |
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Term
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Definition
| Shows applications running. |
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Term
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Definition
| Remotely controlled robot |
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Term
| The Electrosurgical Unit uses a.. |
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Definition
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Term
| The grounding pad should be placed... |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Instruments that may be sharp, blunt, dilating, or single site multiport; straight or pistol shaped; disposable plastic or reusable metal; standard or long; have cannula diameters from 2 mm to 15 mm. |
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Term
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Definition
| Opening in the front or back of computer tower; can also be found on sides of some monitors for insertion of a drive- thumb or flash. |
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Term
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Definition
| Mechanical vibrations at the rate of 55,500 times per second, which separate tissues and coagulates bleeding vessels by denaturing cellular proteins and creating a sticky coagulum that "welds" severed ends shut. Examples include harmonic scalpel |
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Formed when tissue is thermally destroyed and vaporized through the use of the ESU, laser, or other surgical devices such as power equipment used to cut bone |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The way power is measured |
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Term
| When the active electrode is not in use, it should be placed in the... |
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Definition
| Holster to prevent inadvertent activation and ignition of drapes. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| One of the degrees of freedom using a side to side movement. |
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Term
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Definition
| Electricity is allowed to flow by creating a continuous path |
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Term
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Definition
| Captures excess or leakage current not removed by the negative prong; it should never be cut or broken off to accommodate plugging into a two-holed outlet. |
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Term
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Definition
| Devices that step down or step up the exiting voltage and only work with alternating current. |
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Term
| If the IPS light turns red and/or an audible alarm sounds |
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Definition
| The last piece of electrical equipment plugged into the wall outlet should be carefully unplugged. The device may have an electrical short in its circuit or may have overloaded the electrical system in that room. |
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Term
| If the IPS light turns green and the alarm ceases |
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Definition
| The equipment generator should be removed from service and checked by the biomedical engineer before returning to use. |
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Term
| Active electrode in use emits |
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Definition
| A high-pitched sound. If inadvertently turned on the sound is used to alert the team, so never lower the volume. |
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Term
| Avoid placing the pad over... |
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Definition
| A bony area or prominence that could contribute to an uneven placement. |
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Term
| Avoid placing the pad over... |
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Definition
| A bony area or prominence that could contribute to an uneven placement. |
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Term
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Definition
| Don't mix. The electric current can travel through the metal and cause internal and external burns. |
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Term
| Flammable Anesthetics should... |
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Definition
| Not be used during electrosurgery. Precautions should be taken to prevent ignition of oxygen or nitrous oxide for procedures around the head. |
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Term
| The absorption of laser energy of the argon and Nd:YAG lasers depend on... |
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Definition
| The chromophores hemoglobin and melanin. |
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Term
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Definition
| Gas laser utilized to destroy tissue on the retina; emits a red-yellow beam; works from electrical power; commonly used in the eyes |
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Term
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Definition
| Uses gases and halogens as the active medium. Color is ultraviolet; reshapes cornea during keratoplasty; destroys plaque within stenotic artery for angioplasty. used for Lasik |
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