Term
| superior border of the heart |
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Definition
| corresponds to a line connecting the inferior border of the 2nd left costal cartilage to the superior border of the 3rd right costal cartilage |
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Term
| right border of the heart |
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Definition
| corresponds to a line drawn from the 3rd right costal cartilage to the 6th right costal cartilage; this border is slightly convex to the right |
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Term
| inferior border of the heart |
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Definition
| corresponds to a line drawn from the inferior end of the right border to a point in the 5th intercostal space close to the left MCL; the left end of this line corresponds to the location of the apex of the heart and the apex beat |
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Term
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Definition
| corresponds to a line connecting the left ends of the lines representing the superior and inferior borders |
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Term
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Definition
| tip of the left ventricle |
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Term
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Definition
| tip of the left ventricle |
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Term
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Definition
| at the left 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line |
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Term
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Definition
| line between the right 2nd interspace at the RSB and the left 2nd interspace at the LSB. Note: this is an artificial clinical term used to describe the position of the upper end of the anatomical base of the heart, which is located posteriorly, onto the anterior chest |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| auscultation point for mitral valve |
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Definition
| left AV valve; at the apex of the heart, left 5th interspace at midclavicular line |
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Term
| auscultation point for tricuspid valve |
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Definition
| right AV valve; the LSB at the left 4th interspace |
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Term
| first auscultation point of pulmonary valve |
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Definition
| the LSb at the left 2nd interspace |
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Term
| second auscultation point for pulmonary valve and when to use |
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Definition
| the LSB at the left 3rd interspace (to use if sound is not transmitted well at the 2nd interspace) |
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Term
| auscultation point for aortic valve |
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Definition
| at the RSB at the right 2nd interspace |
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Term
| position of upper end of the left and right pleural cavities (cupula of the pleura) |
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Definition
| 2-3 cm above the medial third of the clavicle |
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Term
| position of apex of both lungs |
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Definition
| 2-3 cm above the medial end of clavicle (immediately below the cupula of the pleurae). This position makes them vulnerable to injury during supraclavicular or subclavicular injections, intravenous catheter placements and traumatic wounds |
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Term
| position of bifurcation of trachea |
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Definition
| deep to the central region of the sternal angle, posterior to the aorta |
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Term
| position of lower borders of both pleural cavities |
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Definition
| at the 8th costal cartilage |
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Term
| position of lower border of both lungs |
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Definition
| at the 6th costal cartilage (or rib) |
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Term
| position of left and right costodiaphagmatic recesses |
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Definition
| between the 6th and 8th costal cartilages |
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Term
| how to find the lower chest border |
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Definition
| trace fingers inferiorly along the midaxillary line to the lowest point of the 10th rib (or tip of the 11th rib) |
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Term
| where is the base of the lung |
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Definition
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Term
| where is the lower border of pleural cavity |
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Definition
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Term
| where is the costodiaphragmatic recess |
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Definition
| between the 8th and 10th ribs |
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Term
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Definition
| vertical line through the inferior angle of the scapula |
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Term
| apex of the lung on the posterior surface of the human chest |
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Definition
| at the level of articulation of the 1st rib to the transverse process of the T1 veterbra |
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Term
| apex of the pleural cavity on the posterior surface of the human chest |
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Definition
| at the level of articulation of the 1st rib to the transverse process of the T1 vertebra (same as apex of the lung) |
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Term
| lower border (base) of the lung on the posterior surface of the chest |
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Definition
| at the interspace of the 10th rib during resting expiration, and the 12th rib after deep inspiration |
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Term
| lower border of the pleural cavity on the posterior surface of the chest |
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Definition
| at (or slightly below) the 12th rib |
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Term
| costodiaphragmatic recess on the posterior surface of the chest |
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Definition
| located between the 10th interspace and 12 interspace at both the scapular and paraverterbral lines |
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Term
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Definition
| the central radiopaque shadow in PA radiographs (AP views) of the mediastinum |
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Term
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Definition
| the central radiopaque shadow in PA radiographs (AP views) of the mediastinum |
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Term
| transverse cardiovascular shadow |
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Definition
| observed in obese persons, pregnant women, and infants. |
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Term
| oblique cardiovascular shadow |
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Definition
| characteristic of most people |
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Term
| vertical cardiovascular shadow |
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Definition
| seen in people with narrow chests |
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Term
| right border of cardiovascular shadow |
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Definition
| right brachiocephalic vein, SVC< right atrium, and IVC |
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Term
| left border of cardiovascular shadow |
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Definition
| terminal part of the arch of aorta, pulmonary trunk, left auricle, and left ventricle |
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Term
| apex of the cardiovascular shadow |
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Definition
| left inferior part of the cardiovascular shadow |
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