Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Week 5
Animal Nutrition
39
Nutrition
Graduate
07/15/2018

Additional Nutrition Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

What is a vitamin?

 

Definition

 

special organic constituents that prevented certain of the classical human diseases of that time.

Term

   What is the difference between fat soluble and water soluble vitamins?

 

Definition

 

Fat-soluble vitamins are digested and absorbed using the same mechanisms as dietary fat, and their metabolites are excreted primarily in the feces through the bile.

Water-soluble vitamins are absorbed in the small intestine and are excreted in the urine. Fat vitamins are more toxic. Since fat-soluble vitamins can be stored, deficiencies develop more slowly in animals than water-soluble vitamin deficiencies.

Term

  Describe fat soluble vitamins

 

Definition

 

Fat-soluble vitamins are digested and absorbed using the same mechanisms as dietary fat, and their metabolites are excreted primarily in the feces through the bile.

Term

Name the fat soluble vitamins and their chemical names

 

Definition

 

Vitamin A, Retinol

Vitamin D, Ergocalciferol, Cholecalciferol

Vitamin E, Tocopherol

Vitamin K, Phylloquinone

Term

Name the water soluble vitamins and their chemical names

 

Definition

 

B complex

B1, Thiamin

B2, Riboflavin, Nicotinamide

B6, Pyridoxine, Pantothenic acid, Biotin, Folic acid, Choline

B12, Cyanocobalamin

C, Ascorbic acid

Term

For each of the following fat soluble vitamins:  A, D, E, K

a.     Name their forms

b.     Describe their functions

 

Definition

 

Vitamin A- Retinol, Retinal, Retinoic acid, beta-carotene; normal night vision, lining the respiratory and digestive cavities, skin, urogenital regions, normal bone growth

Vitamin D- Ergocalciferol, Cholecalciferol; absorption of calcium in the bone and intestines

Vitamin E- tocopherols and tocotrienols; potent antioxidant- combat free radicals in cells

Vitamin K-  quinones- phyllo and mena; blood clotting

Term

 What are the three layers of the eye?

 

Definition

 

Fibrous, vascular and retina

Term

  How does light enter the eye?

 

Definition

 

cornea, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous humor, retina

Term

 What is the function of rods?  Cones?

 

Definition

 

Rods- allow an animal to process black and white images in dim light, cones- allow and animal to process color images

Term

   What is rhodopsin and what is it made up of?

 

Definition

 

A light sensitive pigment that enables the eye to adapt to changes in light intensity, retinol and opsin

Term

  Which animal has the highest amount of vitamin A stored in their liver? Lowest stored?

 

Definition

 

Highest- soup-fin shark, lowest- pig

Term

 What are the two forms of vitamin D?

 

Definition

 

D2 and D3

Term

What is the active form of vitamin D called?  What is the function of this form?

 

Definition

 

Calcitrol, promotes absorption of calcium in bone and intestines

Term

 What are antioxidants?

 

Definition

 

Group of vitamins and or enzymes that defend against free radicals

Term