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Week 4 10 Key Terms
Voting & Electorate
14
Political Studies
Intermediate
02/13/2018

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Term
Poll Tax
Definition
A state imposed tax on voters as a prerequisite for registration. The Supreme Court rendered poll taxes unconstitutional in national elections by the 24th amendment and in state elections in 1966.
Term
Single-Member District
Definition
An electorate that is allowed to elect only one representative from each district; the normal method of representation in the United States?
Term
Gerrymandering
Definition
Apportionment of voters in districts in such a way as to give unfair advantage to one political party.
Term
Plurality Rule
Definition
Type of electoral system in which, to win a seat in the parliament or other representative body, a candidate need only receive the most votes in the election, not necessarily a majority of votes cast.
Term
Majority Rule
Definition
Type of electoral system in which, to win a seat in the parliament or other representative body, a candidate must receive a majority of all the votes cast in the relevant district.
Term
Proportional Representation
Definition
A multi-member district system that awards seats based on the percentage of the vote won by each candidate; "winner-take-all."
Term
Referendum
Definition
The practice of referring a measure proposed by legislature to the vote of the electorate for approval or rejection.
Term
Initiative
Definition
The process that allows citizens to propose new laws and to submit them for approval by the state's voters.
Term
Recall
Definition
Procedure to allow voters an opportunity to remove state officials from office before their terms expire.
Term
Party Identification
Definition
An individual voter's psychological ties to one party or another.
Term
Issue Voting
Definition
Electoral choice based on issue preferences rather than partisanship, personality, or other factors.
Term
Prospective Voting
Definition
Voting based on the imagined future performance of a candidate.
Term
Retrospective Voting
Definition
Voting based on the past performance of a candidate.
Term
Political Action Committee (PAC)
Definition
A private group that raises and distributes funds for use in election campaigns.
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