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Week 12
Punishment, Sentencing, & Incarceration
22
Criminal Justice
Undergraduate 4
03/23/2017

Additional Criminal Justice Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
retribution
Definition
punish the offender to right the wrongs caused by the crime
Term
deterrence
Definition
discourage criminal behavior through threat or use of punishment
Term
incapacitation
Definition
prevent crime by removing the offender from society
Term
rehabilitation
Definition
"cure" the criminal of their problems & return them to society
Term
restoration
Definition
make the victim "whole again" & address the damage done to the victim & community
Term
Have crime rates declined or risen?
Definition
declined (but incarceration rates have risen)
Term
More than half of the new prison sentences from 1985 to the present are for ____
Definition
non-violent drug offenses
Term
The most common sanction for corporate malfeasance is ______
Definition
monetary fines
Term
What is the result of the disparity of sentencing laws & racial disparity in the criminal justice system in terms of the War on Drugs?
Definition
black men & women are serving longer sentences for much smaller amounts of essentially the same drug
Term
Fair Sentencing Act
Definition
2010 act passed by Congress that reduced the sentencing disparity between offenses for crack & powder cocaine from 100:1 to 18:1
Term
The Supreme Court's decision on McCleskey vs Kemp protected criminal laws & justice policies from being questioned on the basis of racially disparate ______
Definition
impact
Term
Even if it can be shown with credible statistical evidence that racial inequalities exist, they cannot be challenged under the equal protection clause unless a clear, discriminatory _______ is proven
Definition
intent
Term
Prosecutors are barred from blatantly biased jury selection based on the ______ ruling
Definition
Batson
Term
Attorneys may "challenge for cause" if they have a ______ & ______ reason to believe that a person cannot be fair, unbiased, or capable of serving as a juror
Definition
specific & forceful
Term
peremptory challenges
Definition
each side in a court case may exclude a designated number of prospective jurors without a reason stated
Term
Many states have created programming directed towards responding to the special needs of the female offender based upon the _______
Definition
differences framework
Term
3 psychological programs in women prisons
Definition
1. substance abuse
2. mental health counseling
3. domestic violence counseling
Term
2 work programs in women prisons
Definition
1. work training
2. prison industry programs
Term
2 parenting programs in women prisons
Definition
1. child visitation
2. parent education
Term
4 "other" programs in women prisons
Definition
1. transition & aftercare
2. education programs
3. health programs (including HIV/AIDS education)
4. life skills programs
Term
institutional sexual assault
Definition
Pennsylvania law where even "consensual" sexual activity with staff & an inmate in a correctional facility is illegal due to power differential
Term
______ inmates are usually housed in protective custody or in separate units from the general population
Definition
LGBT
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