Term
| What are Decision Making Groups? |
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Definition
| Decision making refers to the "passing of judgment on an issue under consideration" and "the act of reaching a conclusion or making up one's mind." |
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Term
| What are Problem Solving Groups? |
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Definition
| Problem solving is a more complex process in which groups analyze a problem and develop a plan of action for solving the problem or reducing the problem's harmful effects. |
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Term
| What is the difference between problem solving and decision making groups? |
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Definition
- Most groups make decisions, but not all groups are asked to solve problems.
- A decision is a judgment, a choice between two alternatives.
- Problem solving requires a group to make many decisions.
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Term
What are the Signs of
Dysfunctional Decision Making? |
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Definition
- Group think
- No critical debate of topics
- Only happens in established groups
- Risky shift
- Groups, as a group, tend to make riskier decisions than individuals would
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Term
Tips for Promoting
Effective Decison-Making |
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Definition
- Brainstorming
- "Sharpen the focus"
- "For all to see"
- "Number the ideas"
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Term
Steps of the Problem-Solving
Standard Agenda |
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Definition
- Task clarification
- Problem identification
- Fact-finding and problem analysis
- Solution criteria and limitations
- Solution criteria and limitations
- Solution suggestions
- Solution evaluation and selection
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Term
| Ways to Promote Creativity in Groups |
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Definition
Four Techniques to Boost Creativity:
- Capturing - Meditation, recording ideas, don't work too hard, have the right attitude.
- Challenging
- Broadening - Flood yourself with information, talk with others.
- Surrounding
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Term
| Common Barriers to Creativity |
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Definition
- Being too busy or getting too involved with a problem
- Having conflicting goals and objectives
- Rigid rules and barriers
- Criticism
- Lack of confidence
- Routines
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Term
| What are the Primary Decision Making Methods? |
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Definition
- Voting
- Consensus Seeking
- Authority Rule
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Term
| Under what Circumstance Would Voting be Considered the Best Decision-Making Method to Use? |
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Definition
Voting works best when:
- A group is pressed for time
- The issue is not highly controversial
- A group is too large to use any other decision-making method
- There is no other way to break a deadlock
- A group's constitution or rules require voting on certain issues and proposals
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Term
| Under what Circumstance Would Consensus-Seeking be Considered the Best Decision-Making Method to Use? |
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Definition
| Best when issues are too controversial to use voting |
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Term
| Under what Circumstance Would Authority Rule be Considered the Best Decision-Making Method to Use? |
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Definition
| Example: An association's nominating committee considers potential candidates and recommends a slate of officers to the association. A hiring committee may screen dozens of job applications and submit a top 3 list to the person or persons making the hiring decision. |
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Term
Standard Agenda
Problem-Solving Models |
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Definition
Basic steps in The Standard Agenda:
- Task Clarification
- Problem Identification
- Fact Finding
- Solution Criteria and Limitations
- Solution Suggestions
- Solution Evaluation and Selection
- Solution Implementation
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Term
Functional Theory Approach
Problem-Solving Models |
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Definition
Claims "communication is the instrument by which members or groups, with varying degrees of success, reach decisions and generate solutions to problems.
- The following conditions explain the likelihood of a group's making good decisions and selecting appropriate solutions to a problem:
- Appropriate Preparation
- Appropriate Procedures
- Appropriate Precautions
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Term
Ideal-Solution Model
Problem-Solving Models |
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Definition
- Do all members agree on the nature of the problem?
- What would be the ideal solution from the point of view of everyone involved in the discussion?
- What conditions could be changed so that the ideal solution could be achieved?
- Of all the discussed solutions, which one best approximates the ideal solution?
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Term
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Definition
"Sharpen the Focus"
"For All to See"
"Number the Ideas" |
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Term
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Definition
- Phase 1: Idea Generation
- Individual idea generation
- Structured sharing/listening of ideas
- Phase 2: Evaluation Phase
- Each item is discussed
- Identity support/lack of support for ideas
- Individual vote on rankings
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