Term
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Definition
| the process that breaks down rock and other substances at Earth's surface |
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Definition
| the movement of rock particles by wind,water,ice,or gravity |
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Term
| Mechanical (Physical) weathering |
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Definition
| type of weathering in which rock is physically broken into smaller pieces |
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Definition
| the grinding away of rock by rock particles carried by water,ice,wind,or gravity |
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Term
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Definition
| wedges of ice in rocks widen and deepen cracks |
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Definition
| the process that breaks down rock through chemical changes |
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Definition
| full of tiny,connected air spaces that allow water to seep through it |
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Definition
| the loose,weathered material on Earth's surface in which plants can grow |
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Definition
| the solid layer of rock beneath the soil |
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Term
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Definition
| dark-colored substance that forms as plant and animal remains decay |
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Term
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Definition
| soil tht is made up of about equal parts of clay,sand,and silt |
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Definition
| layer of soil that differs in color and texture from the layers above or below it |
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Definition
| crumbly,dark brown soil that is a mixture of humus,clay, and other materials |
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Term
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Definition
| consists of clay and other particles washed down from the A Horizon |
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Definition
| plants leaves that form a loose layer |
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Definition
| organisms that break the remains of dead organisms into smaller pieces and digest them with chemicals |
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Definition
| the thick mass of tough roots at the surface of the soil |
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Term
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Definition
| one that is naturally replaced in a relatively short time |
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Definition
| area where wind erosion caused severe loss of topsoil during the 1930s |
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Term
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Definition
| managment of soil to prevent its destruction |
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Term
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Definition
| the practice of plowing fields along the curves of a slope |
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Term
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Definition
| disturbs the soil and its plant cover as little as possible |
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Term
| factors that cause mechanical weathering |
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Definition
| freezing and thawing, release of pressure, growth of plants, actions of animals, abrasion |
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Term
| the causes of chemical weathering |
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Definition
| water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, living organisms, acid rain |
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Term
| why chemical weathering occurs faster in hot,wet climates than in dry,cold climates |
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Definition
| Chemical reactions occur faster in hotter temperatures |
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Term
| role of weathering in soil formation |
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Definition
| Soil forms as rocks are broken down by weathering and mix with other materials |
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Term
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Definition
| rock particles (silt,sand,clay), minerals,decayed organic material,air, and water |
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Term
| affect of plants and animals on soil |
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Definition
plants-organic remains
animals-break up compact soil and leave organic remains |
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Term
| forest soil differs from prairie soil |
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Definition
Prairie-form in cool dry climates, topsoil thick and rich in humus
Forest-form in wet climates,topsoil CAN be thick in humus |
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Term
| importance of soil as a resource |
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Definition
| everything that lives on land depends directly on it or indirectly on it |
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Term
| settlers help the Dust Bowl |
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Definition
| plowing removed the grass from the great plains and exposed the soil so in times of drought the topsoil dried and blew away |
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Term
| techniques for soil conservation |
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Definition
| Contour Plowing,Conservation Plowing |
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