Term
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Definition
| process that breaks down rock and other substances at Earth's surface |
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Definition
| movement of rock paricles by wind, water, ice, or gravity |
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| mechanical/physical weathering |
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Definition
| type of weathering in which rock is physically broken into smaller pieces |
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Definition
| refers to the grinding away of rock particles carried by water, ice, wind, or gravity |
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Definition
| the process that splits rock when water seeps into cracks, then freezes and expands |
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| process that breaks down rock through chemical changes |
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Definition
| a material is full of tiny, connected air spaces that allow water to seep through it |
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Definition
| loose, weathered material on Earth's surface in which plants grow |
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Definition
| solid layer of rock beneath the soil |
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Definition
| dark-colored substance that forms as plant and animal decay |
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| soil made up of equal parts of clay, sand, silt |
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Definition
| layer of soil differs in color and texture from the layers above it |
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| crumbly, dark brown soil that is a mixture of humus, clay, and other minerals |
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Term
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Definition
| layer of soil beneath the topsoil that contains mostly clay and other minerals |
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| the loose layer of dead plant leaves and stems on the surface of the soil |
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Definition
| organisms that break the remains of dead organisms into smaller pieces and digest them with chemicals |
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Definition
| thick mass of tough roots at the surface of the soil |
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Definition
| one that is naturally replaces in a relatively short time |
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Term
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Definition
| was an area where wind erosion caused severe loss of topsoil during the 1930s |
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Term
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Definition
| management of soil to prevent distruction |
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Definition
| practice of plowing fields along a curved slope |
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Definition
| method in which the dead stalks from the previous year's crop are left in the ground to hold the soil in place |
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Term
| freezing and thawing, release of pressure, growth of plants, and reactions of animals |
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Definition
| What factors cause mechanical/physical weathering? |
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Term
| water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, living organisms, and acid rain |
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Definition
| Drescribe 3 causes of chemical weathering. |
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Term
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Definition
| What factors affect the rate of weathering? |
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Term
| rainfall provides the water needed for chemical changes as well as for freezing and thawing and the heat makes chamical reactions faster |
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Definition
| Explain why chemical weathering occurs faster than hot, wet climates than cool, dry climates. |
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Term
| soil is weathered rock mixed with other things so weathering helps in that the weathered rocks are in the soil |
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Definition
| What role does weathering play in the formation of soil? |
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Term
| mixture of rock particles, minerals, decayed organic material, air, and water |
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Definition
| What are the different materials that make up soil? |
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Term
| mixture of rock particles, minerals, decayed organic material, air, and water |
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Definition
| What are the different materials that make up soil? |
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Term
| plants mostly make litter for the soil, organisms mix the soil and makes spaces for air and water, and make humus which will keep the soil fertile |
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Definition
| How do plants and animals affect the formation and composition od soil? |
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Term
| prairie soil forms in cold dry climates and forest soil forms in a cold wet climate and prairie also has a thick layer of humus when forest soil has a thin layer |
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Definition
| how do forest soils differ from prarie soils? |
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Term
| everything that ives on land depends directly or indirectly on soil |
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Definition
| Explain the inportance of soil as one of Earth's recources. |
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Term
| they would bring up all there plants at one time but then the drought came and there was nothing to hold the soil down from the winds |
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Definition
| How did the settlers on the Great Plains help create the Dust Bowl? |
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Term
| contour plowing and conseration plowing |
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Definition
| What are some techniques that farmers use to conserve soil? |
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