Term
| Why does the temperature increase in the stratosphere? |
|
Definition
| because the ozone absorbs incoming radiation |
|
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Term
| In the troposphere, the temperature decreases an average of ___C for every kilometer you increase in altitude. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
Which of these gases has the shortest residence time in the atmosphere?
(nitrogen, water vap, oxygen, CO2) |
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Definition
|
|
Term
Through which of the following processes is CO2 removed from the atmosphere?
(fossil fuel burning, photosynthesis of vegetation, decay of organic matter, radiation) |
|
Definition
| photosynthesis of organic matter |
|
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Term
Which of the following is not an aerosol?
(dust particles, sea salt, water vap, fine ash) |
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Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following is not and example of potential energy?
(drop of water about to fall, explosives, hamburger, bullet) |
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Definition
|
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Term
| During the winter in the N Hemisphere, the North Pole receives sunlight 24 hours a day. why is the North Pole colder than places in lower latitudes that have a night and day? |
|
Definition
| because of thermal inertia |
|
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Term
| List four controls on global temperature. |
|
Definition
land and water
ocean currents
Latitude
elevation |
|
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Term
| Madrid has hotter summers and colder winters than Barcelona because of___ |
|
Definition
| the distance to the ocean |
|
|
Term
| Saturation vapor pressure increases as ____ increases |
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Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following processes involves a change in energy?
(absorption, reflection, scattering,transmission) |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Weins law states that as the temperature of an object increases |
|
Definition
| the wavelength of peak radiation decreases |
|
|
Term
| water vapor and CO2 are two of the most important greeen house gasses becuase they preferentially absorb___ radiation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of these objects acts as a gray body?
(sun, earth, atmosphere, soil) |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| clouds are white becuase they ____ |
|
Definition
| they scatter all wavelengths |
|
|
Term
| air molecules will preferentially scatter ____ |
|
Definition
| wavelengths of visible light |
|
|
Term
| We see the grass as green becuase |
|
Definition
| grass reflects preferentially green wavelengths |
|
|
Term
Which of the following places has a higher albedo?
(amazon, ocean, sahara, corn fields) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does IPCC stand for? |
|
Definition
| Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Control |
|
|
Term
| Which country has the most Co2 emissions in the world/ |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| In the northern hemisphere, the coriolis force deflects winds to the ____ of their path |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What two factors effect the Coriolis force? |
|
Definition
| velocity of wind and latitude |
|
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Term
| what two forces are equal and have opposite signs when you have geostrophic winds? |
|
Definition
| coriolis and pressure gradient |
|
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Term
| what force affects winds at the surface and doesnt affect winds at high elevation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of these clouds creates a halo around the sun? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If the environemental lapse rate is -13C/km, the atmosphere is ___ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following involves an adiabatic process?
(upslope fog,radiation fog, dew, frost) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the two gases that make up more than 99% of the earth's atmosphere? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the name of the atmospheric layer where ozone is most abundent? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Magenta has waves with a ___frequency and a _____ wavelength |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which two gases significantly absorb longwave radiation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| blue light is scattered by air molecules |
|
|
Term
| When would you expect to have more homogenous temperatures |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| water boils at 1000C at ___ while it boils at 92C at ____ |
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Definition
|
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Term
| if an unsaturated air parcel with a temp of 20C is 1000m above sea level, what will the temp be if it rises to 1500M |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If saturated air parcel with a temp of 30C is at sea level, what will its temp be if it rises to 2000m above sea level? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In the early morning, it is more likely for the atmosphere to be |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| IN the afternoon of a very sunny day, the atmosphere is more likely to be |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If the environmental lapse rate by 8C per km, the atmosphere is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Entrainment of outside air into a cloud causes it to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which cloud produces rain in the form of a drizzle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the dominant process for cloud droplets to grow raindrop size in warm clouds> |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the dominant process for cloud droplets to grow rain drop size in cold clouds |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cloud droplets will grow to raindrop size more efficiently if__- |
|
Definition
the cloud is thicker
there are stronger updrafts
there are a variety of raindrop sizes |
|
|
Term
| In the Bergeron process, Ice crystals grow larger at the expense of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what type of precip will supercooled water arrive to the surface and instantly freeze |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| While in the upper atmosphere, the winds flow parallel to the isobars, at the surface they experience friction and will |
|
Definition
| flow counterclockwise and into a surface low |
|
|
Term
| High heights on an isobar chart correspond to ____ than normal pressures at any given altitude, and low heights correspond to ____ than normal pressures |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Isotherms are lines of constant ____and isobars are lines of constant ____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in the northern hemisphere, winds will blow ___- around an area of low pressure and ___ around an area of high |
|
Definition
| counter clockwise and clockwise |
|
|
Term
| when isobars are closer together, this means that the pressure gradient is ___ and the pressure gradient force is ___ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| during the day land heats up ____ than water |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| during the night, land cools ___ than water |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which of the winds is associated with cold water adn very high winds |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| if the land temp is warmer than the surrounding ocean, the wind will tend to go |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| during the summer in asia, winds flow |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which of the winds is caused by dry and warm winds descending on the east side |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| dry and warm winds from Mojave desert descending into san diego and LA |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| subtropical highs are associated with |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Trade winds are associated with which cell |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Surface westerlies are associated with which cell |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which cell is called the thermally indirected cell |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the 3 cell model predicts |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| at what latitudes would you expect to have more precip |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| latitudes with less precip |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ___ are located around 30 degress N and S and are associated with |
|
Definition
| subtropical highs and desert |
|
|
Term
| As the ITCZ moves north during July, it brings ___ and ____ |
|
Definition
| moisture and thunderstorms |
|
|
Term
| the polar adn subtropical jet stream are located in |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the jet stream located between the hadley and ferrel cell is called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the low level jet affects the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ocean currents that bring water from the equator to the poles are usually on the ___ side of the continents |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the walker circulation is a ____ circulation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the low zone near the equator is called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which of these fronts moves faster and has a steeper slope |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the pressure like before during and after the cold front passes |
|
Definition
| decreases and then increases |
|
|
Term
| right after the frontal boundary of a warm front passes region you expect: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what front has very cold winds and warm air that collide forming clouds |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where to you get the most hail storms |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| multi-cell t-storms can sustain themselves becuase |
|
Definition
| their precip doesnt cut off the downdrafts |
|
|
Term
| descripbes strong downdrafts associatd to thunderstorms responsible for plane crashes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is responsible for the most precip in the central plains |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when is the peak tornado season |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the peak hurricane season in US |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| WHat are some proxy dats used by scientisits to study paleoclimate |
|
Definition
tree rings
sediment cores
ice cores |
|
|
Term
| when was the last ice age? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| aersols have the net effect of |
|
Definition
|
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