Term
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Definition
| hematopoietic stem cell (precursor lymphoid & myeloid cell) |
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Term
| How does hypercortisolism cause lymphopenia |
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Definition
induces apoptosis of lymphocytes
however giving cortisol will also increase WBC count by causing release of marginated pool |
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Term
| Left shift in severe infection is caused by the release of the marginated pool & marrow neutrophils. These immature cells are characterized by decrease in this cellular marker? |
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Definition
| decreased CD16 (Fc receptor) expression |
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Term
| Which lymphoma do you see eosinophilia with? |
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Definition
| Hodgkin lymphoma (b.c. IL5 production) |
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Term
| How does B.pertussis create a LYMPHOCYTIC leukocytosis? |
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Definition
| Bacteria produce "lymphocytosis promoting factor" --> blocks circulating lymphocytes from entering lymph nodes |
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Term
What are the atypical lymphocytes in EBV mononucleosis?
what part of the lymph node is expanded?
What happens if you give them ampicillin?
Recurrence? Immunodeficiency? |
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Definition
reactive CD8+ T-cells
paracortex (T-zone area)
develop a rash
- EBV stays latent --> increased risk for recurrence & B-cell lymphoma (esp in immunodeficient) |
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Term
| TdT is a marker for? what is its actual function? |
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Definition
TdT = lymphoblasts (immature, i.e. ALL)
TdT is a DNA polymerase |
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Term
| Down syndrome & blood cell cancers? |
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Definition
ALL when >5 y.o.
AML (M7, megakaryocyte) when <5 y.o. |
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Term
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Definition
ALL (good prognosis)
t(9;22) in ALL is sign of poor prognosis |
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Term
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Definition
B-ALL: CD10, CD19, CD20, TdT
T-ALL: CD2 to CD8, TdT |
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Term
| Thymic mass in teenager composed of immature T-cells? |
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Definition
| T-ALL (acute lymphocytic LYMPHOMA) |
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Term
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Definition
| crystaline deposits of MPO |
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Term
| Myeloblasts in peripheral blood w/ low-to-no MPO activity. Gum hypertrophy due to infiltration. |
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Definition
| AML monocytic version (M5) |
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Term
CD5 & CD20 positive with smudge cells
1) Diagnosis?
2) Immunoglobulin levels?
3) Anemia?
4) Transformation? |
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Definition
1) CLL or SLL (SLL is a lymphoma with the potential to transform to DLBCL)
2) hypogammaglobulinemia (infection is the most common cause of death in CLL)
3) autoimmune hemolytic anemia (immunglobulins that are made are defective)
4) Richter transformation --> diffuse large B-cell lymphoma |
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Term
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Definition
Hairy cell leukemia.
use "TRAP" to remember it: RBCs TRAPped in the red pulp --> splenomegaly; WBCs get "TRAPped in the bone marrow from fibrosis --> dry tap; Cells are TRAPped in these two places and can't get to the nodes --> no lymphadenopathy
Treat w/ 2-CDA (cladribine), an adenosine deaminase inhibitor |
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Term
|
Definition
adenosine deaminase inhibitor
NOTE: adenosine deaminase in absent in the second most common form of SCID --> buildup of adenosine is toxic to lymphocytes |
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Term
| Generalized lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, hypercalcemia, lytic bone lesions, & skin rash |
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Definition
| Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) --> most commonly seen in Japan and Caribbean |
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Term
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Definition
Aggregates of neoplastic CD4+ cells in the epidermis in Mycosis Fungoides
"Sezary syndrome" = neoplastic cells seen in blood (cerebriform nuclei) |
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Term
| Only myeloproliferative disorder without hyperuricemia & gout risk? |
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Definition
Essential thrombocythemia
this one also rarely progresses to marrow fibrosis or acute leukemia
remember erythromelalgia |
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Term
| Blurry vision & headache, venous thrombosis (including Budd-Chiari), Flushed face from congestion, & itching after bathing |
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Definition
polycythemia vera
Remember JAK2 mutation |
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Term
| 3 causes of painless lymphadenopathy |
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Definition
1) Chronic infection
2) Metastatic cancer
3) Lymphoma |
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Term
Name region of lymph node expanded with each condition (Follicle (cortex), paracortex, medulla)
1) Rheumatoid arthritis, Early HIV infection
2) Viral infections (e.g. mono)
3) Nodes draining cancer |
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Definition
1) Cortex: expansion of follicles
2) Paracortex: expansion of T-cells
3) Medulla: Expansion of histocytes |
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Term
Name each type of Lymphoma that fits into each category:
1) small sized B-cells (think regions of follicle)
2) Intermediate sized B-cells (think EBV)
3) Large B-cells (think transformations) |
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Definition
1) SLL (lymphoma variant of CLL), Follicular t(14;18) (bcl2), mantle t(11;14) (cyclinD), marginal (MALToma)
2) Burkitt's lymphoma t(8;14); c-MYC; "starry sky"
3) DLBCL; presents in late adulthood as rapidly enlarging lymph node or extranodal mass |
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Term
| Most common hodgkin's lymphoma? which one has eosinophils? which one has a best/worst prognosis? |
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Definition
Nodular sclerosing is most common
Mixed cellular (eosinophils from IL5 production)
Best prognosis = lymphocyte rich
Worst prognosis = Lymphocyte depleted |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Ig in multiple myeloma & MGUS?
Ig in Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia? |
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Definition
IgG or IgA
IgM (hyperviscosity syndrome) --> retinal hemorrhage or stroke |
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Term
| 3 markers of histiocytes (2 stains, 1 EM) |
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Definition
| S100, CD1a, birbeck granules |
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Term
| pathological fracture in an adolescent. Biopsy shows CD1a+ cells w/ abundant eosinophils |
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Definition
| Eosinophilic granuloma (benign langerhans cell histiocytosis) |
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