What River supplies Oakland with water?

Mokelumne River (Sierra Nevada Mountains)

What are Clear Wells?

First reservoirs for POTABLE (already filtered) water. 

Claremont tunnel is clear well for Orinda Filters. 

Dual Flow System

Oakland uses both storage in reservoirs and 

direct pumping to maintain pressure in the 

water mains. 

Gridiron

Arrangement of smaller interconnected water mains serving blocks and hydrants. 

Pressure Zone

Division of water distribution system.

25 Pressure and 8 regulator

200' interval of elevation per zone

approx 40psi at top and 130psi at bottom

Top of zone usually 100' below reservior that feeds it.

Zone Valves

When water mains (except large mains) cross zone lines, the main will be shut with a zone valve.

Valves can be opened to supply adjacent zones ONLY by EBMUD.

Regulator

Reducing valve placed in main to reduce pressure. 

What are the three colors of Gate Valves Pot Covers and what do the colors mean?

Red - closed zone valve

Blue - Open zone valve

White - Hydrant Gate Valve

** Most valves open clockwise.

How many Hydrants are in Oakland?

6500

Hydrant Colors

White - EBMUD

Yellow - Military

Green - Airport or EBRPD

Red/Green - Private or EBMUD Suction

Hydrant Caps

Red - 0-50 psi

White - 51-119 psi

Green - 120+ psi

Hydrant Tops

Red - 0-500gpm

Orange - 501-999gpm

Green - 1000-1499gpm

Blue - 1500+gpm

What are the four componants of the Water Supply System?

Source of supply

processing or treatment

mechanical/movement

distribution

Methods of Moving Water in System

Gravity

Pump

Combo

What are the 4 types of pressure?

Static

Flow

Residual

Normal

What is Velocity?

Speed of water

What is Friction Loss and what are the three factors which effect friction loss?

Loss of pressure due to motion (friction) between water and the inside of the pipe.

3 factors:

1) Size of pipe

2) length of pipe

3) condition of pipe

Dead End Hydrant

Hydrant that recieves water from only 1 direction on the main. 

How many distribution reservoirs are in Oakland?

40 distribution reservoirs in Oakland.

Sized to provide more than 1 days supply on hottest day of year.

EBMUD pumps them full once per day, usually during off-peak hours. 

->

Hydrant is on dead end

->|

Last hydrant on dead end main

Zone to Zone pumping

14 suction hydrants paired with discharge hydrants from adjacent zones

Do not pump in excess of 10psi over static pressure of intake hydrant. 

Red Suction Hydrant

Located near top of its zone

Not to be used during normal firefighting

Discharge Hydrant (Zone to Zone)

May be an combo of pressure and flow

used for normal firefighting

at or near bottom of zone

14 locations in the Oakland Hills that allow OFD to pump from a lower water zone to a deficient upper water zone.

Only to be used in cases of a great emergency.

Lower Zone Hydrants - Red

(Adjacent) Upper Zone Hydrants - White

Private Systems - Oakland International Airport

Water Sources

1) Salt Water System (channel north of Doolittle Dr)

 16 Green Hydrants with 1x3" and 1x4.5" outlets

2) Fresh Water System (EBMUD)

    New/International Airport has one 12" dead

    ended main.

    Old Airport/North Field has 1x10" and 1x6" dead

    end mains.

Airport has both standard and flush hydrants - all painted red.

7,500

1) Lakes, streams and wells

2) Tanks of sufficient capacity supplying wet standpipes or sprinklers

3) Storm sewers